


Russian federal highways (Russian:автомобильные дороги федерального значения Российской Федерации,romanized: avtomobil’nyye dorogi federal’nogo znacheniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii; lit.highways of federal importance of theRussian Federation) are the most important highways in Russia that are federal property. The following motorways are designated as federal.[1][2]
The federal highways areclassified in Russia into two categories:
The local importance roads in Russia are designated with a letter prefix and a number as well as theOKATO (Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления,Russian classification on objects of administrative division) code for the region.
These roads use the following prefixes:



| Highway | Route | Length | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moscow to the border withBelarus | 440 km (270 mi) | ||
| Moscow - Tula - Orel - Kursk - Belgorod to the border withUkraine | 720 km (450 mi) | ||
| Moscow -Kaluga -Bryansk to the border with Ukraine | 490 km (300 mi) | ||
| Moscow -Voronezh -Rostov-on-Don -Krasnodar -Novorossiysk | 1,513 km (940 mi) | One of three fully-fledged nationwidemotorways in Russia alongside M11 and M12 (all three are toll roads) | |
| Moscow - Ryazan’ - Penza - Samara - Ufa -Chelyabinsk | 1,819 km (1,130 mi) | ||
| Moscow - Vladimir -Nizhny Novgorod -Kazan | 1,342 km (834 mi) | Originally continued to Ufa; this is planned to become portions of M12, R240 and R243 | |
| Moscow -Yaroslavl -Vologda -Arkangelsk | 1,271 km (790 mi) | ||
| Moscow -Volokolamsk to the border withLatvia | 610 km (380 mi) | ||
| Moscow - Tver’ - Velikiy Novgorod - Saint Petersburg | 872 km (542 mi) | Originally continued to Finnish border, but this was redesignated A181 in 2018 | |
| Moscow – Saint Petersburg | 684 km (425 mi) | One of three fully-fledged nationwide motorways in Russia alongside M4 and M12 (all three are toll roads) | |
| Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod - Kazan -Yekaterinburg -Tyumen | 811 km (504 mi)(currently in operation), ~1,600 km (990 mi)(proposed) | As of 2024, the 811 km (504 mi) stretch of M12 between Moscow and Kazan has been completed and put to operation; the rest of the motorway is under construction | |
| Saint Petersburg - Petrozavodsk - Murmansk - Pechenga to the border with Norway | 2,038 km (1,266 mi) | Former M18 | |
| Tambov - Volgograd - Astrakhan | 1,779 km (1,105 mi) | Former M6 | |
| Saint Petersburg - Pskov - Pustoshka - Nevel to the border with Belarus | 544 km (338 mi) | Former M20 | |
| Veliky Novgorod - Soltsy - Porkhov - Pskov | 223 km (139 mi) | Former A116 | |
| Kaluga - Peremyshl’ - Belev - Orel | 181 km (112 mi) | ||
| Orel - Livny - Elets - Lipetsk - Tambov | 390 km (240 mi) | ||
| Orel - Bryansk - Smolensk to the border with Belarus | 510 km (320 mi) | Former A141 | |
| Yaroslavl - Kostroma - Ivanovo - Vladimir - Gus-Khrustalny - Ryazan - Mikhailov - Tula - Kaluga - Vyazma - Rzhev - Tver - Uglich - Yaroslavl | 1,558 km (968 mi) | Bypass for M3; Russia's longest ring road | |
| R150 | Belgorod - Starobelsk - Luhansk – Donetsk – Mariupol | Runs through occupied Ukraine | |
| Nizhny Novgorod - Saransk - Issa - Penza - Saratov | |||
| Cheboksary - Yoshkar-Ola - Kirov - Syktyvkar | Former A119 | ||
| R177 | Nizhny Novgorod - Yoshkar-Ola | ||
| R178 | Saransk - Surskoye - Ulyanovsk to route M5 "Ural" | Continues to Samara as 73R-178 and 36P-170 | |
| R193 | Voronezh - Tambov | ||
| R207 | Penza - Balashov - Mikhailovka to route R260 | ||
| R208 | Tambov - Penza | ||
| Astrakhan - Kochubey - Kizlyar - Makhachkala | |||
| R216 | Astrakhan - Elista - Stavropol | Former A154 | |
| Route M4 "Don" - Vladikavkaz - Grozny - Makhachkala to the border with Azerbaijan | Former M29 | ||
| R228 | Syzran - Saratov - Volgograd | ||
| R229 | Samara - Pugachev - Engels - Volgograd | ||
| Kazan - Orenburg - Akbulak to the border with Kazakhstan | |||
| R240 | Ufa - Orenburg | ||
| R241 | Kazan - Buinsk - Ulyanovsk | ||
| R243 | Kostroma - Sharya - Kirov - Perm | ||
| Chelyabinsk - Kurgan - Omsk - Novosibirsk | Former M51 | ||
| Novosibirsk - Kemerovo - Krasnoyarsk - Irkutsk | Former M53 | ||
| Novosibirsk - Barnaul - Gorno-Altaysk to the border with Mongolia | Former M52 | ||
| Krasnoyarsk - Abakan - Kyzyl - Chadan - Khandagayty to the border with Mongolia | Former M54 | ||
| Irkutsk - Ulan-Ude - Chita | Former M55 | ||
| R260 | Volgograd - Kamensk-Shakhtinsky - Luhansk | Former M21 and A260; runs through occupied Ukraine | |
| R280 | Rostov-on-Don - Mariupol - Melitopol - Simferopol | Runs through occupied Ukraine | |
| Chita - Never - Svobodnyy - Arkhara - Birobidzhan - Khabarovsk | Former M58 | ||
| Kursk - Voronezh to route R22 | Former A144 | ||
| Yekaterinburg - Shadrinsk - Kurgan | |||
| Tyumen - Yalutorovsk - Ishim - Omsk | |||
| Tyumen - Tobol’sk - Khanty-Mansiysk | |||
| Yakutsk -Magadan | Former M56 "Kolyma" | ||
| Moscow - Shchëlkovo to route A107 | |||
| Moscow - Dmitrov - Dubna | |||
| access road fromDomodedovo Airport | Former portion of route M4 | ||
| Moscow-Zvenigorod | Former A105 | ||
| Iksha - Noginsk - Bronnitsy - Golitsyno - Istra - Iksha | |||
| Dmitrov - Sergiev Posad - Orekhovo-Zuevo – Voskresensk - Mikhnevo - Balabanovo - Ruza - Klin - Dmitrov | |||
| Krasnogorsk - Petrovo-Dalnee; connection to route A106 and entrance to state dacha No. 7 (in Petrovo-Dalnee) | |||
| access road from highway A108 to the "Semonovskoye" facility | |||
| access road from route M10 to the state complex "Zavidovo" | |||
| Chepelëvo - Velyaminovo | |||
| Circular roadway in Moscow Oblast and Moscow | |||
| Vologda - Tikhvin to highway R21 | |||
| Beltway around Saint Petersburg | |||
| Vologda - Medvezhyegorsk to highway R21 | Former R5 | ||
| Kirovsk - Mga - Gatchina - Bol’shaya Izhora | |||
| Saint Petersburg - Sortavala to route R21 | Former A129 | ||
| Route A114 – Ustyuzhna - Kresttsy - Yazhelbitsy - Velikiye Luki - Nevel | One portion former M10 | ||
| Chekshino - Totma - Kotlas - Kuratovo | |||
| Moscow - Maloyaroslavets - Roslavl to the border with Belarus | Former A101 | ||
| access road from highway M1 to Smolensk | |||
| access road from highway M4 to Lipetsk | |||
| access road from route M4 to Voronezh | |||
| access road from route M4 to Rostov-on-Don | |||
| access road from route M4 to Krasnodar | |||
| A137 | Route R21 - Tiksha - Ledmozero - Kostomuksha to the border with Finland | ||
| Trosna - Kalinovka | |||
| Krasnodar - Verkhnebakansky | |||
| Dzhubga - Sochi to the border with Abkhazia | Former M27 | ||
| Route A147 to the Sochi bypass | |||
| Adler - Krasnaya Polyana | Former A148 | ||
| Tsivilsk - Ulyanovsk | |||
| Urvan - Verkhnyaya Balkariya - Ushtulu | Former R291 | ||
| Cherkessk - Dombay to the border with Abkhazia | |||
| Access roads from A155 to international holiday resort "Arkhyz" and the specialized Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences | Former portion of A155 | ||
| Mineralnye Vody Airport - Kislovodsk | |||
| Prokhladnyy - Baksan - Elbrus | One section former R289 | ||
| access road from Maikop to the Caucasian State Biosphere Reserve | Former R254 | ||
| Maikop - Bzhedugkhabl - Adygeysk - Ust-Labinsk - Korenovsk | Former R253 | ||
| Vladikavkaz - Nizhniy Lars to the border with Georgia | Former R301 | ||
| Vladikavkaz - Alagir | Former R297 | ||
| access road from highway R217 to Vladikavkaz Airport | |||
| Kardzhin - Alagir - Nizhniy Zaramag to the border with South Ossetia | Former R297 and R298 | ||
| Lermontov - Cherkessk | Former A156 | ||
| Kochubey - Neftekumsk - Zelenokumsk - Mineralnye Vody | Former R263 and R285 | ||
| Saint Petersburg to the border withEstonia | Former M11 | ||
| Saint Petersburg - Vyborg to the border with Finland | Former portion of M10 | ||
| Pskov - Izborsk to the border with Estonia | |||
| A215 | Lodeynoe Pole - Vytegra - Prokshino - Plesetsk - Brin-Navolok | Former R37 | |
| Gvardeisk - Neman to the border with Lithuania | |||
| A217 | Kaliningrad - Svetlogorsk | ||
| Kaliningrad - Chernyakhovsk - Nesterov to the border with Lithuania | |||
| Bryansk - Novozybkov to the border with Belarus | Former M13 | ||
| A258 | Highway M4 - Kantermirovka - Luhansk | ||
| Route M4 - Novoshakhtinsk to the border with LPR/Ukraine | Former M19 | ||
| A289 | Krasnodar - Slavyansk-on-Kuban - Temryuk to route A290 | Former 03K-579 | |
| Novorossiysk - Kerch, entrances toPort Kavkaz and Anapa Airport | Former M25; runs through occupied Ukraine | ||
| Kerch -Simferopol - Sevastopol | Former 35P-001, 35P-003 and 35N-113; runs through occupied Ukraine | ||
| Yoshkar-Ola - Zelenodolsk to route M7 | Former R175 | ||
| Route R208 - Saratov - Pristannoe - Ershov - Ozinki to the border with Kazakhstan | |||
| Samara - Bolshaya Chernigovka to the border with Kazakhstan | Former M32 | ||
| Orenburg - Ilek to the border with Kazakhstan | Former R335 | ||
| Chelyabinsk - Troitsk to the border with Kazakhstan | Former M36 | ||
| Omsk - Cherlak to the border with Kazakhstan | Former M38 | ||
| A321 | Barnaul - Pavlovsk to the border with Kazakhstan | ||
| Barnaul - Rubtsovsk to the border with Kazakhstan | Former A349 | ||
| Tulun - Bratsk - Ust’-Kut - Mirnyy - Yakutsk | Former R419 | ||
| Kultuk - Mondy to the border with Mongolia | Former A164 | ||
| Ulan-Ude - Kyakhta to the border with Mongolia | Former A165 | ||
| Chita - Zabaykalsk to the border with China | Former A166 | ||
| Never - Yakutsk | Former M56 "Lena" | ||
| Route A360 to the border with China | |||
| Khabarovsk - Vladivostok | Former M60 | ||
| A371 | Vladivostok - Ostrov | ||
| Khabarovsk - Krasnyy Yar - Ariadnoe - Chuguevka - Nakhodka | |||
| A376 | Khabarovsk - Lidoga - Vanino - Komsomolsk-on-Amur | Former 08A-1 | |
| access road from Anadyr to Anadyr Airport (Ugolny) | |||
| Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Korsakov | Former R488 | ||
| Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Kholmsk | Former R495 | ||
| A393 | Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Okha | Former R495 | |
| access road from the Port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy to Elisovo Airport |
CyrillicР is used on signs.
Access roads to ports, airports and railroad stations from citiesPetropavlovsk-Kamchatsky,Anadyr,Dudinka,Naryan-Mar,Salekhard,Khanty-Mansiysk and from theurban-type settlements ofPalana andTura.