River Skirfare is a small river inNorth Yorkshire, England, that flows throughLittondale and ends where it joins the largerRiver Wharfe. The source is the confluence of Foxup Beck and Cosh Beck at the hamlet ofFoxup.
The name is ofOld Norse origin, fromskírr "bright" or "clear" andfar "river-course".[1]
The source of the river is the confluence of Foxup Beck and Cosh Beck at the hamlet ofFoxup, some 1,470 feet (450 m) above sea level.[2][3] To the east bank lays Hawkswick Moor and on the west bank lays Darnbrook Fell, Hawkswick Clowder and Pen-y-ghent Fell. The river meanders consistently south-east for approximately 9.5 miles (15.3 km) to the confluence with the River Wharfe.[4]
The river drains a catchment area of 20.27 square miles (52.51 km2).[5][6][7] The upper reach of the river above the hamlet of Litton is known to dry up in the summer months with the water flowing underground.[8] It is known that there are huge caverns underneath Littondale where the water sinks, but it reappears south of Arncliffe.[9] Outside of summer, the normal range of the water can be up to 1 foot 11 inches (0.58 m), however, the highest level recorded is of 9 feet 2 inches (2.79 m), at Skirfare Bridge on 20 February 2022.[10] The water seeping underground is what Marie Hartley and Joan Ingilby state is the reason that saved the valley of Littondale from becoming a huge reservoir.[11] Leeds council considered taking the waters from the river in the 1850s, which they labelled as the "Skirfare Scheme."[12]
Trout and bullhead are known to be in the river and its tributaries. Trout use many of the smaller side streams as nurseries for their fry.[13] Signal crayfish are known to have inhabited the Upper Wharfe and the Skirfare riverine system. Imported signal crayfish were kept in a trout farm on the Wharfe in 1983, and it is thought they have got into the river system from there.[14] Historically, thelady's slipper orchid used to grow along the banks of the River Skirfare (examples were noted in the 1930s), however, they now only grow in one site in the Yorkshire Dales.[15][16]
The valley of Littondale was also previously known asAmerdale, and in his poemThe White Doe of Rylstone,Wordsworth refers to the "..deep fork at Amerdale..". In the Water-Babies by Charles Kingsley, Littondale and the Skirfare are referred to asVendale.[17]
^Lee, John Anthony (2015).Yorkshire Dales. London: Collins. p. 235.ISBN9780007503698.
^abGilbert, O. S. (2006).The ecology of Cowside Beck : a tributary of the river Skirfare in the Malham area of Yorkshire. Settle: Field Studies Council. p. 12.ISBN9781851532186.
Chrystal, Paul (2017).The Place Names of Yorkshire; Cities, Towns, Villages, Rivers and Dales, some Pubs too, in Praise of Yorkshire Ales (1 ed.). Catrine: Stenlake.ISBN9781840337532.
