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Rhodri Mawr

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
King of Gwynedd (c. 820 – 878)
Rhodri Mawr
King of the Britons
Depiction of Rhodri the Great from Historiae Cambriae
King of Gwynedd
Reign844–878
PredecessorMerfyn Frych
SuccessorAnarawd ap Rhodri
Born820
Isle of Man
Died878
Anglesey
IssueAnarawd ap Rhodri
Cadell ap Rhodri
Meurig ap Rhodri
Merfyn ap Rhodri
Tudwal ap Rhodri
Gwriad ap Rhodri
Gwyddelig ap Rhodri
HouseHouse of Aberffraw
FatherMerfyn Frych

Rhodri ap Merfyn, commonly known asRhodri Mawr (Welsh for 'Rhodri the Great'), was a Welsh king whose legacy has impacted the history of Wales. Rhodri rose to power during a tumultuous era, where the fate of Welsh kingdoms was often determined by the power of their leaders.

Early life

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Rhodri was born in the 9th century on theIsle of Man. Rhodri was the son ofMerfyn, who, under enigmatic circumstances, assumed the kingship ofGwynedd following the death ofHywel ap Caradog in 825.[1] Rhodri ascended to the throne ofGwynedd and following the passing of his father,Merfyn, in the year 844.[2]

Reign

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Rhodri's reign unfolded against a tumultuous backdrop, asWales confronted escalatingViking incursions. Among Rhodri's earliest recorded achievements was his defeat and killing of Gorm, aDanish chieftain, in a battle on Anglesey in 856.[3] This victory garnered international acclaim, reaching the ears ofCharles the Bald whose realm Gorm had previously harried.[4]

Walesc. 850 – 920

In that same year, Rhodri finalized his subjugation ofPowys following the death of its exiled rulerCyngen inRome. In 871, Rhodri expanded his dominion further, intoCeredigion following the death of its KingGwgon.[5]

During the year 873, Rhodri won two more successes against theVikings by securing victories in the battles of Banolau and Ynegydd onAnglesey.[6]

In 877, aDanish force, aided by their client kingCeolwulf, assailedAnglesey, intent on avenging Gorm's death and securing communication routes withDublin. They succeeded in defeating Rhodri in the Battle of Sunday and seizingAnglesey, compelling him into exile onIreland.[7] The subsequent year marked Rhodri's return from Irish exile, winning a battle against theVikings to retakeAnglesey. However, Rhodri and his sonGwriad later perished in a battle against the Anglo-Saxons of Mercia under King Ceolwulf II.[8]

Succession

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Rhodri's realm remained unified upon his demise, passing to his eldest sonAnarawd.[9] However, during Rhodri's exile,Ceredigion was conquered byHyfaidd ap Bleddri, the King of Dyfed.[10] Subsequently,Anarawd and Rhodri's other sons managed to reclaimCeredigion and eventually extended their rule to the rest ofDyfed. This expansion established a distinct branch within theMerfynion dynasty, with Rhodri's second eldest son,Cadell, at its helm.[11]

Children

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See also

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References

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  1. ^Edwards, Thomas (2014).Wales and the Britons, 350-1064 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 359.ISBN 978-0198704911.
  2. ^Davies, John (2007).A History of Wales (Revised ed.). Penguin. p. 79.ISBN 978-0140284751.
  3. ^Edwards, Thomas (2014).Wales and the Britons, 350-1064 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 484.ISBN 978-0198704911.
  4. ^Davies, Sean (2014).War and Society in Medieval Wales, 633-1283: Welsh Military Institutions (2nd ed.). University of Wales Press. p. 117.ISBN 978-1783161393.
  5. ^Maund., Kari (2006).The Welsh Kings: Warriors, Warlords and Princes (3rd ed.). The History Press. p. 53.ISBN 978-0752429731.
  6. ^Davies, Sean (2014).War and Society in Medieval Wales (2nd ed.). University of Wales Press. p. 116.ISBN 978-1783161393.
  7. ^Edwards, Thomas (2014).Wales and the Britons, 350-1064 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 488.ISBN 978-0198704911.
  8. ^Davies, John (2007).A History of Wales (Revised ed.). Penguin. p. 80.ISBN 978-0140284751.
  9. ^Maund, Kari (2006).The Welsh Kings: Warriors, Warlords and Princes (3rd ed.). The History Press. p. 55.ISBN 978-0752429731.
  10. ^Edwards, Thomas (2014).Wales and the Britons, 350-1064 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 487.ISBN 978-0198704911.
  11. ^Edwards, Thomas (2014).Wales and the Britons, 350-1064 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 495.ISBN 978-0198704911.

External links

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Rhodri Mawr
Born: 820 Died: 878
Regnal titles
Preceded byKing of the Britons
844–878		Succeeded by
King of Gwynedd
844–878
Preceded byKing of Powys
856–878
Preceded byKing of Ceredigion
871–878		Succeeded by
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