Revolut Group Holdings Ltd, known asRevolut,[2] is a global financial technology company headquartered in London and founded in July 2015 byNik Storonskiy andVlad Yatsenko.[3] As of 2025, Revolut operates in over 48 countries and has 65 million customers.[4][5] It was valued at $75 billion in November 2025.[6]
In 2016, the company reached around 300,000 users, processing almost £1 billion in transactions.[16]
Revolut then launched asubscription-based app in June 2017 available to businesses across the UK and Europe. Under the name of "Revolut Business", businesses could create an account with a multi-currencyIBAN to hold, exchange, and transfer money with 25 currencies.[17][18]
EU banking licence and international expansion (2017–2022)
Quadrum office complex in Vilnius, head office of Revolut Bank UAB (name visible on left)
It first applied for an EU banking licence in November 2017, at which time it also started work on its ownpayment processor.[19][20] The bank then received its EU banking licence as well as anEMI licence in December 2018 from theEuropean Central Bank, facilitated by theBank of Lithuania. Under its new license, the bank could accept deposits and offer consumer credits, but it was not allowed to provide investment services until later.[21][22][23]
Following the acquisition of a banking licence, the company announced plans in September 2019 for expansion into 24 new markets, supported by agreements withVisa andMastercard. The company said that it also wanted to hire an additional 3,500 employees.[24][25][26] In 2019, the Revolut app launched in beta to the Australia region.[27] The following month, Revolut expanded to Singapore.[28] In 2020, the app launched in the United States and Japan.[29][30]
By November 2020, Revolut reported that it had reached breakeven. At that time, it was valued at £4.2 billion.[31]
The company applied for banking licence in the United Kingdom and a bank charter in the United States in early 2021.[32][33][34] The European Central Bank also granted Revolut a full banking licence later that year.[35]
Revolut's Transition to a Licensed Bank (2022–2023)
After having secured bank licences, Revolut started moving away from being an e-money institution to a bank. In January 2022, it started operating as a bank in 10 European countries.[36] In January 2023, the company announced that it would transfer its 2 million Irish customers to a new Irish branch, moving them from a LithuanianIBAN to an Irish IBAN.[37] This was followed by a launch for IBANs in France, Netherlands and Spain in September 2023.[38][39] By the end of the year, it was reported that Revolut held £15.1 billion in customer deposits.[40][41][42]
Revolut expanded its investment offerings during this time. In September 2022, the UK'sFinancial Conduct Authority added Revolut to its list of companies authorised to offer cryptocurrency products and services, formalising its pre-2022 unregulated crypto trading.[43] The bank also began allowing staking for holders ofproof of stake cryptocurrencies in the UK and EEA.[39][44] In October 2023, Revolut expanded its stock trading services to include European stock trading in the EEA.[45][46][47]
In September 2022, Revolut was the target of a cyber attack that exposed the personal data of over 50,000 customers.[48][49] Additionally, in July 2023, a flaw in its US payment system led to the loss of $20 million in corporate funds to criminal groups between late 2021 and early 2022, though some of the money was later recouped.[50][50] On the regulatory front, Revolut haltedcryptocurrency trading services for its US customers in 2023, citing the "evolving regulatory environment" as theSecurities and Exchange Commission intensified scrutiny against the sector.[51] Financially, despite its growth, the company reported £25m loss in 2022 amid ongoing uncertainty regarding the UK banking licence.[52]
UK Banking Licence and Global Expansion (2024–2025)
By August 2024, the company had doubled its headcount over the past two years, employing over 8,000 people in more than 25 countries.[53] Revolut was also granted a British banking licence the following month, though with restrictions via the standard "mobilization" stage.[54] By the end of 2024, Revolut reported having 50 million registered users globally.[55]
In April 2025, Revolut obtained the Prepaid Payment Instruments (PPIs) licence from theReserve Bank of India (RBI), to offer payment solutions including pre-paid cards.[56]
In May 2025, Revolut announced that it plans to invest $1.1 billion over the next three years to expand in France and made Paris its Western European headquarters, at theChoose France [fr] summit.[57][58]
In June 2025, Revolut announced its plans to acquireCetelem Argentina [es], an Argentina-based lender, fromBNP Paribas. Terms were not disclosed.[59] The same month, Béatrice Cossa-Dumurgier (a former board member ofSociété Générale and executive at BNP Paribas) was appointed CEO of Revolut's Western Europe headquarters, based in Paris.[60] In september 2025, it named formerSociété Générale CEOFrédéric Oudéa as Chairman of its Western Europe hub.[61]
In 2025, Revolut entered discussions with theBank of Israel to obtain a "lean bank" licence.[62]
In September 2025, Revolut secured in-principle approval for payments licence from the UAE.[63]
Revolut has been subject to criticism and many controversies, such as issues with customer support and long-lasting lockouts,[64] as well asanti–money laundering compliance failures[65] and lack of support fordefrauded customers.[66][67]
In March 2019,Wired published an exposé of the company's employment practices and work culture. It found evidence of unpaid work, high staff turnover and employees feeling the need to work weekends to meetperformance indicators.[68] A later article in December 2019 bySifted noted that Revolut had a higher rating onGlassdoor than its peers.[69]
Revolut, like traditional financial institutions, uses algorithms to identifymoney laundering, fraud, and other criminal activity. Under certain anti–money laundering legislation, if suspicious activities are being investigated, bank staff are not allowed to tell customers why their accounts have been frozen.[70]
It has been reported since 2020 that Revolut's algorithms suspended accounts for weeks or months at a time after unusual activity was detected.[71][72] Revolut's policies require customers whose accounts were suspended to request a resolution via in-appchat support.[73][72][71] Revolut said that "the system is programmed to temporarily lock an account and place it in a queue, until one of our compliance agents can review the case".[74]
In February 2020,The Daily Telegraph reported that Revolut suspended an account containing £90,000 for more than two months[75] and that another customer travelled 500 miles fromAuvergne in France to Revolut's London offices in an unsuccessful attempt to recover £15,000 in an account that Revolut had frozen with no justification given.[76] The account was later closed and the money in it returned to the customer's other bank accounts.[76]
Also in February 2020,The Times reported that Revolut suspended and later closed a business account containing €300,000 belonging to Priorité Energie, an energy transition start-up company, preventing the company from paying its staff.[77] Revolut publicly apologised and eventually rectified the problem.[77]
In 2023, Revolut reported a 35% reduction inauthorised push payment fraud.[78] However, the company remained one of the most frequently named financial institutions in UK fraud complaints, prompting scrutiny of its security measures.[79] The number of complaints of fraud reported toAction Fraud, the UK reporting centre for fraud and cybercrime, by Revolut customers rose from 567 in February 2023 to 1,086 for February 2024.[66]
Prior to Revolut having a banking licence, complaints were made by defrauded Revolut customers to theFinancial Ombudsman, which in some cases required Revolut to reimburse and compensate victims, and removefraud markers wrongly placed against the individuals.[80]
Action Fraud received 10,000 reports of fraud naming Revolut in 2023, 2,000 more thanBarclays, one of the UK's largest banks, and twice as many as a competitor bank of similar size to Revolut. That year over 3,500 complaints about Revolut were made to theombudsman, more than any other financial institution. Consumer organisationWhich? did not recommend banking large sums of money with Revolut, saying "They have a track record of not reimbursing people who fall victim to fraud or find themselves in this incredibly difficult situation, [and] of money being taken from accounts even after scam activity has been reported."[81]
In January 2025,Manchester City W.F.C. announced Revolut as the training sleeve kit sponsor.[82] That same month, Revolut became an official partner of the French rugby club Stade Toulousain.[83]
In July 2025,Audi F1 Team announced a multi-year deal with Revolut to be the title sponsor of the team, beginning with the 2026 season.[84] In the same month, Revolut was named the Official Global Banking and FX Partner for the Italian football club Como 1907.[83]
The company also has partnerships in other sports, such as an ongoing agreement with the NBA to serve as an associate partner for the NBA Paris Game.[85]
Beyond sports, Revolut announced a strategic partnership withWizz Air in March 2025 to integrate Revolut Pay as a primary payment method for the airline.[86]
^Venkataramakrishnan, Siddharth; Hollowood, Ella; Noonan, Laura (6 April 2023)."Fintechs face reckoning over customer service".Financial Times. Archived from the original on 2024-11-20. Retrieved2024-12-21.
£3.1 billion (2024)[1]
