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| Renfe Class 100 | |
|---|---|
 Series 100 train atLyon-Part-Dieu station | |
 The interior of an S-100 train. | |
| In service | 1992 – present |
| Manufacturer | GEC-Alsthom /CAF |
| Family name | TGV |
| Refurbished | 2007 - 2012 |
| Formation | 2 driving cars and 8 passenger cars per train set |
| Capacity | 329 |
| Operators | Renfe Operadora |
| Lines served | Madrid – Seville Perpignan – BarcelonaMadrid-Alicante (AVE class 112 can serve this line) |
| Specifications | |
| Train length | 200.15 m (656 ft 8 in) |
| Width | 2.9 m (9 ft6+1⁄8 in) |
| Height | 4.28 m (14 ft1⁄2 in) |
| Maximum speed | 300 km/h (190 mph) |
| Weight | 392 tonnes (386 long tons; 432 short tons) |
| Power output | 8,800 kW (11,800 hp) |
| Power supply | (?) |
| Electric system(s) | Overhead, Dual: 3 kVDC, 25 kV 50 Hz AC |
| Current collection | Pantograph |
| Safety system(s) | LZB,ASFA 200 [es],ERTMSTVM430 |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)standard gauge |
TheRenfe Class 100 is a high-speed train used forAVE services by theRenfe Operadora, inSpain. It was the first high-speed train put into service in Spain, in 1992.
This class lived through all the changes involved in the creation of the Spanish high-speed network; originally the plan was to build the high-speed route toAndalusia on anIberian gauge track (1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in)). At the last minute, it was decided that it should be1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)standard gauge, meaning RENFE changed its original order for 24 Iberian gauge units to sixteen standard gauge ones, which were delivered between 1991 and 1993.
After various changes in the contract with Alstom and compensation for delays the final eight were delivered; two standard gauge sets and 6 Iberian gauge sets. The Iberian sets became theRenfe Class 101 which used to operate theEuromed services along the Mediterranean corridor (this route is now covered by theRENFE Class 130 trains).
Train 100.015 set one of the most important speed records in Spain, reaching 356.8 kilometres per hour (221.7 mph) on a test run. Its previous record had been 330 km/h (210 mph) on an earlier test run. The Class 100 was also involved in speed tests usingTalgo carriages.
In 2002 one of the power cars of set 100.012 was severely damaged in a collision. The car was rebuilt by using the newer TGV-Duplex design, giving this set the unique feature of having two different model power cars.
This class has almost exclusively served theMadrid–Seville high-speed rail line. They were used on theMadrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line for a short period until introduction of theRENFE Class 102. The units used on the Barcelona line had to have theirpantographs changed as well as installation of theERTMS system.
In 2007, after fifteen years of service—half of the trains' expected working life—the entire Class 100 fleet was refurbished.
In February 2011, on account of financial pressures, RENFE announced that, instead of buying 10 new trains to cover the Paris-Madrid route, it would convert AVE Class 100 trains for the route, at a cost of €30 million, rather than €270 million. RENFE announced that the capacity would be increased to keep the cost down, in addition to the conversion work planned for the trains' electrification and signaling systems.[1]
In 2013, some S100 trains have been changed for French homologation making them compatible with French signaling system and so be able to cross the French border. The aim is to create rail service between major French cities and main Spanish cities (Madrid and Barcelona) simultaneously with SNCF. The S100 trains ran this service from 2013, following the cancellation of overnight services from Paris to Madrid and Barcelona, till 2022.[2]
Air Nostrum proposed to lease some from RENFE to operate services fromMadrid Atocha toGare de Montpellier-Saint-Roch from October 2018, however as of September 2025, this has not happened.[3]
The Series 100 is directly derived from theTGV Atlantique trains that operate inFrance. Eight sets were manufactured byAlstom and the remainder byCAF.
A Series 100 train is made up of two 4,400 kW power cars with two motorizedbogies each and eight passenger cars with shared bogies. It is compatible with the1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge. It is compatible with overhead currents of 3 kVDC and 25 kV 50 Hz alternating current.
Unlike its model, it has both theASFA 200 [es] (used in Spain) andLinienzugbeeinflussung (used in Germany and in Spain) signaling systems. Furthermore, since 2004 nine of the trains have theERTMS system installed, as well as two extra coaches and cooling systems specially adapted to temperatures in Spain.
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