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Thailand is variably divided into different sets ofregions, the most notable of which are the six-region grouping used in geographic studies, and the four-region grouping consistent with theMonthon administrative regional grouping system formerly used by theMinistry of Interior. These regions are the largest subdivisions of the country.
In contrast to theadministrative divisions of theprovinces of Thailand, the regions no longer have an administrative character, but are used for statistical or academic purposes.
A six-region system is commonly used for geographical and scientific purposes. This system dates to 1935.[1] It was formalised in 1977 by the National Geographical Committee, which was appointed by the National Research Council. It divides the country into the following regions:
The four-region system, used in some administrative and statistical contexts, and also as a loose cultural grouping, includes the western and eastern regions within the central region, while grouping the provinces of Sukhothai, Phitsanulok, Phichit, Kamphaeng Phet, Phetchabun, Nakhon Sawan, and Uthai Thani in the northern region. This is also the regional system most commonly used on national television, when discussing regional events. It divides the country into the following regions:
The Thai Meteorological Department divides the country into six regions for meteorological purposes.[2] It differs from the four-region system in that the east is regarded as a separate region, the south is divided into east and west coasts, and Nakhon Sawan and Uthai Thani are grouped in the central region.
Thailand's economic activities are concentrated in Bangkok and the central region. In 2013, the central region'sgross regional product (GRP) contributed 40.9 percent to Thailand'sGDP. Other regions accounted for 10.9 percent (northeastern); 8.8 percent (northern); and 8.6 percent (southern). GRP per capita varied. The average GRP per capita of the central region was 280,734baht, while that of the northeastern region was 74,532 baht.[3]
This is alist of the 4Thai regions and the capital city ofBangkok byHuman Development Index as of 2025 with data for the year 2023.[4]
| Rank | Region | HDI (2023) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Very High Human Development | |||
| 1 | Bangkok | 0.833 | |
| 2 | Central Thailand (excludingBangkok) | 0.808 | |
| High Human Development | |||
 Thailand | 0.798 | ||
| 3 | Southern Thailand | 0.786 | |
| 4 | Northern Thailand | 0.782 | |
| 5 | Northeastern Thailand | 0.779 | |
| Four-region division system | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Six-region division system | |||