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Recorder of London

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Legal adviser at the Criminal Court in the City of London

Therecorder of London is an ancient legal office in theCity of London. The recorder of London is the seniorcircuit judge at the Central Criminal Court (theOld Bailey), hearing trials of criminal offences. The recorder is appointed bythe Crown on the recommendation of theCity of London Corporation with the concurrence of theLord Chancellor. The recorder's deputy is theCommon Serjeant of London, appointed bythe Crown on the recommendation of theLord Chancellor. The recorder of London is, since 14 April 2020,Mark Lucraft.^[1]

Background

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The Central Criminal Court, commonly called theOld Bailey after the street which it fronts.

The first recorder of London was appointed in 1298. Originally it seems likely that the recorder would have recorded pleas in the court of the Lord Mayor and the aldermen and delivered their judgments. A charter granted byHenry VI in 1444 appointed the recorderex officio aconservator of the peace. The recorder increasingly exercised judicial functions thereafter, eventually becoming the principal judge in the City of London.

The recorder became a judge at the Central Criminal Court when it was created by Parliament in 1834. The Central Criminal Court became part of theCrown Court under theCourts Act 1971, but the recorder maintained their position when the office ofrecorder in other cities became honorary.

Functions

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In addition to hearing criminal trials at the Central Criminal Court, the recorder of London heads up court list management (including allocation of cases) to the court's judges. The recorder also provides legal advice to the Lord Mayor and the Court of Aldermen. Historically, the Recorder would present a list of 'Capital Convicts', those sentenced todeath to the 'Hanging Cabinet' constituting the monarch,Home Secretary and other ministers, but this function was stopped between 1837 and the end of the death penalty.^[2]

The recorder has a traditional dress and takes charge of the election of theLord Mayor of London, declares the result, and physically presents the new Lord Mayor for the monarch's approval, first to theLord Chancellor, and then to theLord Chief Justice and theMaster of the Rolls (at theRoyal Courts of Justice on the day of theLord Mayor's Show). On the occasion of astate visit, the recorder usually presents an Address of Welcome on behalf of the City.

The recorder of London is the returning officer at the election of theverderers ofEpping Forest, and is usually appointedHigh Steward ofSouthwark, appointed by the Court of Aldermen, holding the sitting of the threecourts leet of the City's (largely ceremonial) manors there each year.

The recorder can act as the deputy of the Common Serjeant in the election of theSheriff and their presentation to theKing's Remembrancer at theQuit Rent ceremony.

List of recorders of London

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(before 1495 may not be complete)

1298 – (or John)Geoffrey de Norton
1303 –John de Wengrave (later Lord Mayor)
1321 –Jeffrey de Hertpoll (or Hertpole)
1321 –Robert de Swalchyne (or Robert de Swalclyve)
1329 –Gregory de Norton
1339 –Roger de Depham
1353 –Thomas Ludlow (later Chief Baron)
1365 –William de Halden
1377 –William Cheyne (perhaps laterChief Justice of the King's Bench)
1389 – John Tremayne
1392 –William Makenade
1394 –John Cokayne
1398 –Matthew de Sulhworth
1403 –Thomas Thornburgh
1405 –John Preston
1415 – John Barton
1422 –John Fray (later Chief Baron)
1426 –John Simonds
1435 –Alexander Anne
1440 –Thomas Cockayn
1440 –William (alias John) Bowes (also Speaker)
1442 –Robert Danvers
1451 –Thomas Billing (laterChief Justice of the King's Bench)
1455 –Thomas Urswick (later Chief Baron)
1471 – SirHumphrey Starkey (later Chief Baron)
1483 –Thomas Fitzwilliam (laterSpeaker of the House of Commons)
1495–1508 – SirRobert Sheffield
1508–1518 –John Chalyner
1518–1520 –Richard Broke (later also Justice of Common Pleas and Chief Baron)
1520–1526 –William Shelley (later Justice of Common Pleas)
1526–1536 –John Baker
1536–1546 – SirRoger Cholmeley (later Chief Justice of the King's Bench)
1546–1553 –Robert Broke (later Justice of the Common Pleas, also Speaker)
1553–1563 –Ralph Cholmley (later Chief Justice of the Common Pleas^[3])
1563–1566 –Richard Onslow
1566–1569 – SirThomas Bromley (later Lord Chancellor)
1569–1571 –Thomas Wilbraham (later a judge of theCourt of Wards and Liveries)
1571–1591 –William Fleetwood
1591–1592 –Edward Coke (later Chief Justice of the Common Pleas and then Chief Justice of the King's Bench)
1592–1594 –Edward Drew
1594–1595 –Thomas Fleming
1595–1603 –John Croke (also Speaker of the House of Commons in 1601)
1603–1616 –Henry Montagu (later Chief Justice of the King's Bench)
1616 –Thomas Coventry
1616–1618 – SirAnthony Benn
1618 –Richard Martin
1618–1620 –Robert Heath
1620 –Robert Shute

1620–1631 – SirHeneage Finch (also Speaker of the House of Commons)
1631–1634 –Edward Littleton
1634–1635 –Robert Mason
1635 – SirHenry Calthorpe
1635–1643 –Thomas Gardiner
1643 –Peter Phesant
1643–1649 – SirJohn Glynn (previouslyRecorder of Westminster)
1649–1655 –William Steele (later Chief Baron of the Exchequer and thenLord Chancellor of Ireland)
1655–1658 –Lislebone Long
1658–1659 – John Green
1659–1668 –William Wilde (later Justice of the Common Pleas and then Justice of the King's Bench)
1668–1676 – John Howell
1676–1678 – SirWilliam Dolben (later Justice of the King's Bench)
1678–1680 – SirGeorge Jeffreys (later Chief Justice of the King's Bench)
1680–1683 –George Treby (displaced after the City of London's charters were suspended in 1683 under theQuo Warranto proceedings; restored in 1692, but then Chief Justice of the Common Pleas)
1683–1685 – SirThomas Jenner (later Baron of the Exchequer)
1685–1687 – SirJohn Holt (later Lord Chief Justice)
1687–1688 – SirJohn Tate
1688–1692 –Bartholomew Shower
1692–1708 –Salathiel Lovell (later Justice of the Common Pleas and Baron of the Exchequer)
1708–1714 – SirPeter King (later Chief Justice of Common Pleas)
1714–1739 – SirWilliam Thompson (later Baron of the Exchequer)
1739–1742 – SirJohn Strange
1742–1743 –Simon Urlin
1743–1749 –John Stracey
1749–1753 – SirRichard Adams (later Baron of the Exchequer)
1753–1763 – SirWilliam Moreton
1763–1772 – SirJames Eyre (later Chief Baron of the Exchequer, andChief Justice of the Common Pleas)
1772–1779 –John Glynn
1779–1789 –James Adair
1789–1803 – SirJohn William Rose
1803–1822 – SirJohn Silvester, Bt
1822–1833 –Newman Knowlys
1833–1850 –Charles Ewan Law
1850–1856 –James Stuart-Wortley, MP
1856–1878 –Russell Gurney
1878–1891 –Thomas Chambers
1892–1900 –Charles Hall
1900–1922 – SirForrest Fulton
1922–1934 – SirErnest Wild
1934–1937 –Henry Holman Gregory
1937–1959 – SirGerald Dodson
1959–1964 –Edward Anthony Hawke
1964–1975 –Carl Aarvold
1975–1990 – SirJames Miskin
1990–1998 –Sir Lawrence Verney
1998–2004 –Michael Hyam
2004–2013 –Peter Beaumont
2013–2015 –Brian Barker
2015–2019 –Nicholas Hilliard^[4]
2020–present –Mark Lucraft

References

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^"Chief Coroner of England and Wales appointed as next Recorder of London".
^Bryant, Chris (2024).James and John. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 205-206.ISBN 978-1-5266-4497-8.
^According toHenry Machyn, Cholmley's funeral (as Recorder) was in 1563. See J.G. Nichols (ed.),The Diary of Henry Machyn, Citizen and Merchant-Taylor of London, Camden Society (London 1848), Original Series Vol. XLII,p. 307.
^"Warrants Under the Royal Sign Manual".www.thegazette.co.uk.

Senior Circuit Judge Appointment – The Recorder of London Archived 3 October 2012 at theWayback Machine, Judicial Appointments Commission
Next Recorder of London announced: His Honour Judge Brian Barker QC, City of London, 10 December 2012
The history and antiquities of London, Westminster, Southwark, and other parts adjacent, Volume 2, Thomas Allen, 1839, p. 282–284
The Bar and the Old Bailey, 1750–1850, p. 45, 151
The Office of Recorder of the City of London, Sir Lawrence Verney, 30 October 2000
[www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/jobs/Documents/Information%20pack.pdf Job description]

Judiciary of England and Wales

Courts

Current	Court of equity Supreme Court Privy Council Court of Appeal High Court Court of Protection Crown Court High Court of Chivalry Magistrates' Court
Former	Court of Appeal in Chancery Assize Court Court of quarter sessions Court for Crown Cases Reserved Court of Common Pleas Court of Chancery Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Court of Exchequer Court of Great Sessions in Wales Court of High Commission Court of King's Bench Court of Probate Star Chamber
Proposed	Crown Court Bench Division

Justices

Current	Lord Chief Justice Master of the Rolls Supreme Court Justice Court of Appeal judge High Court judge Circuit judge Recorder of London Recorder of Liverpool Recorder of Manchester Common Serjeant of London
Former	Lord Chancellor Lords of Appeal in Ordinary Chief Justice of the Common Pleas Chief Baron of the Exchequer Justice of the King's Bench Justice of the Common Pleas Justice of Chester

Law officers

Current	Attorney General Solicitor General
Former	King's Advocate Admiralty Advocate

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