Recapture of Fort Zeelandia (1667)
Part of theSecond Anglo-Dutch War
Fort Zeelandia in 1997
Date 13 October, 1667 Location Fort Zeelandia (present day Paramaribo)Suriname Result English victory[1]
Belligerents
Dutch Republic	England
Commanders and leaders
Maurits de Rame	Rear AdmiralJohn Harman
Strength
300 men[2]	9 ships 800 sailors and troops[3]
Casualties and losses
50 casualties 250 captured All stores captured[2]	Light

TheRecapture of Fort Zeelandia or theSeizure of Fort Zeelandia was a minor military action on 13 October, 1667 at the end of theSecond Anglo-Dutch War in which an English force under command of Rear Admiral SirJohn Harman assaulted and took by force the Dutch settlement and fortress of Zeelandia (present dayParamaribo) under Maurits de Rame. The English occupied the area but only for a short while as news of thepeace of Breda arrived. The Dutch had captured the Zeelandia earlier in the year, and the English recapture was the last battle before the war's end between England and the Dutch Republic.^[1]

Fort Zeelandia had first been captured by the English in 1651 during the opening shots of theFirst Anglo-Dutch War and had held it until CaptainAbraham Crijnssen recaptured Fort Zeelandia on 6 May, 1667 in a time when the French and Dutch had total domination of the Caribbean. This changed however when Harman inflicted a heavy defeat on the Frenchat Martinique and Crijnssen had left theCaribbean to raid theVirginia colony after which as a result the English now had complete domination of the Caribbean seas.

Harman now set forth to take advantage and attempted to capture the French and Dutch settlements in South America. After his victory at Martinique Harman refitted and resupplied atBarbados after which he ventured South then headed West along the South American coast. He captured andsacked French Cayenne which he held for two weeks before heading further West to the Dutch settlement at fort of Zeelandia.^[2]

Harman now appeared before Fort Zeelandia on the 13 October which is dominated by a heavily defended fort. Seeing that a direct assault would be unwise Harman disembarked his troops a half mile below the Fort. The English then surrounded the fort and called upon its 250-mangarrison under Maurits de Rame to surrender by nightfall. The Dutch however refuse knowing that their position is well defended and supplied.^[3]

Harman after a four-day lull occasioned by a lack of winds soon lost patience and on 17 October the English launched a combined land and sea assault after a heavy bombardment. After heavy fighting in which Captain Thomas Willoughby of the ketchPortsmouth was killed as well as many others and the Dutch with fifty casualties, de Rame requested terms to Harman.^[3]

Whilst they were being finalized, some English soldiers stealthily swam around Zeelandia's defenses, and then soon swept over the fort walls; surprising the defenders and taking the fort. The English quickly sent reinforcements with row boats filled with soldiers and secured the fort, turning the recently captured guns on the Dutch outside who then see their position as untenable. De Rame then has no choice but to surrender the whole settlement.^[2][3]

Casualties were the same on both sides with around fifty killed or wounded; the imprisoned Dutch were released after being shipped toSt Eustatius under terms by Harman. The English then occupied Zeelandia renaming it Fort Willoughby after the English Caribbean governorHenry Willoughby who then takes formal control of the settlement. By this stage the war had already ended but news of the capture came just too late for the treaty of Breda.^[2][3]

News arrived two weeks later from theNetherlands to announce that the colony was to be restored to the Dutch Republic according to the Treaty. Governor Willoughby refused to comply so instead decided to destroy its fortifications and turned the settlement over to the sack. Harman meanwhile reenteredBarbados by 20 November, in anticipation of returning to England.^[3]

• Canny, Nicholas P. (2001).Oxford History of the British Empire: Origins of Empire: British Overseas Enterprise to the Close of the Seventeenth Century v. I (Oxford History of the British Empire). Oxford University Press.ISBN 9780199246762.
• Clowes, William Laird (2003).The Royal Navy: A History - From the Earliest Times to 1900. Vol. 1. Chatham Publishing; New ed.ISBN 978-1861760104.
• Marley, David (2008).Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere.ISBN 978-1598841008.
• Marley, David (2005).Historic Cities of the Americas: An Illustrated Encyclopedia [Library Binding]. ABC-CLIO.ISBN 1576070271.

5°49′31″N55°09′00″W / 5.8252°N 55.149872°W /5.8252; -55.149872

• Paramaribo
• Conflicts in 1667
• Battles involving the Kingdom of England
• Battles involving the Dutch Republic
• Second Anglo-Dutch War
• History of Suriname
• Cayenne
• 17th-century conflicts
• 17th century in South America
• 1667 in South America
• 1667 in the British Empire
• 1667 in the Dutch Empire

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• Coordinates on Wikidata