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Rawson W. Rawson

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British statistician

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Sir Rawson William Rawson KCMG CB

Governor of Barbados and theWindward Islands
In office 1868–1875
Preceded by	Sir James Walker
Succeeded by	Sanford Freeling(acting)
Governor of the Bahamas
In office 1864–1869
Preceded by	Charles John Bayley
Succeeded by	Sir James Walker
Colonial Secretary for theCape Colony
In office 9 May 1854 – 21 July 1864
Governor	Sir George Grey Sir Philip Wodehouse
Succeeded by	Richard Southey

Personal details
Born	(1812-09-08)8 September 1812 London, United Kingdom
Died	20 November 1899(1899-11-20) (aged 87) London, United Kingdom
Spouse	Mary-Anne Ward (m. 1849)
Children	8 includingHerbert Rawson andWilliam Rawson
Parents	Sir William Rawson (father) Jane Rawson (mother)
Education	Eton College
Occupation	British government official and statistician

Sir Rawson William Rawson,KCMG, CB (8 September 1812 – 20 November 1899) was a British government official and statistician.^[1] During his tenure as a public servant in Canada he contributed to theReport on the affairs of the Indians in Canada, a foundational document in the establishment of theCanadian Indian residential school system.

Early life and Board of Trade

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Rawson Rawson was born in 1812, the son of the notedoculist SirWilliam Adams Rawson (1783-1827) and Jane Eliza Rawson (died 1844), daughter of Colonel George Rawson of Belmont House,County Wicklow, MP for Armagh and his wife Mary Bowes Benson. His father, son of Henry Adams, a native ofMorwenstow inCornwall, had originally had the surname Adams, but had changed his name to Rawson in 1825 to commemorate his wife's father, and also gave it as a first name to his son.

Morwenstow, Cornwall, where Rawson's father was born

Rawson was educated atEton and entered theBoard of Trade at the age of seventeen. He served as private secretary to three successive vice-presidents of the Board,Charles Poulett Thomson,Alexander Baring andWilliam Ewart Gladstone.

Colonial service (1842–1875)

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In 1842, having served Gladstone for one year he was appointed Civil Secretary to the thenGovernor-General of Canada Charles Bagot.^{[citation needed]} The same year, he was appointed by Bagot – along with John Davidson and William Hepburn – as commissioner for a report regarding government policies and expenditures related to Indigenous peoples inCanada East andCanada West. Completed in 1844, the final report, titled theReport on the affairs of the Indians in Canada, included a call for the introduction of industrial schools to address the noted failure of day schools to effectively keep Indigenous children from the influence of their parents. The report is regarded as a foundational document in the rationale for establishing theCanadian Indian residential school system.^[2]^[3]^: 12–17 In 1846, following his work on the report, Rawson was appointed treasurer and paymaster-general toMauritius.^[4]

In 1854 he became colonial secretary in theCape of Good Hope,^[5] which had just formed itsfirst locally elected parliament. Soon after accepting this post, he was awarded aCB, and attained considerable local fame for his overly elaborate dress of lace collars, cuffs and buttons. Whilst in the Cape, he was exceptionally involved in the study of ferns and other plants, in the establishment of the South African Museum, as well as in the details of parliamentary procedure. However, his abilities as a financier were repeatedly questioned, as the Cape government became severely indebted and eventually entered a recession. Parliamentary writerRichard William Murray records that in both Mauritius and the Cape Colony, Rawson had left the state "as nearly bankrupt as it is possible for a British dependency to be". Rawson was also notable for being among the government officials who supported the early movement for "responsible government" in the Cape, and therefore supported the handing over of power to a locally elected executive, to replace imperial officials like himself. He was retired from the post on 21 July 1864, to be succeeded by SirRichard Southey.^[6]^[7]^[8]

His next post was the governorship of theBahamas in July 1864,^[9] and he was subsequently promoted to the governorship of theWindward Islands and received aKCMG. He retired from public office in 1875. He was elected to theAmerican Philosophical Society the year before, in 1874.^[10]

Statistical Society and later life

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He was president of the Statistical Society (now called theRoyal Statistical Society) (1884–1886), an organisation of which he was a staunch supporter. He had originally joined the Society in March 1835, and briefly held the post of editor of the Society'sJournal, from 1837 to 1842.

On his retirement from public office, he was re-elected to the Society's Council in 1876 and remained in the post till his death. It was largely due to the efforts of Rawson that the society received its charter of incorporation in 1887. He was also the founding president of theInternational Statistical Institute.

Family

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Rawson married in 1849 Sophia Mary-Anne Ward, daughter of the Reverend Henry Ward, vicar of Killinchy,County Down and sister of theNew Zealand-based politicianCrosbie Ward. They had had eight children, includingFA Cup finalistsHerbert Rawson (1852–1924),William Rawson (1854–1932), andFrederick Rawson (1859–1923).

The standardauthor abbreviationRawson is used to indicate this person as the author whenciting abotanical name.^[11]

References

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^'RAWSON, Sir Rawson William', Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007accessed 23 July 2013
^Leslie, John (1982)."The Bagot Commission: Developing a Corporate Memory for the Indian Department"(PDF).Historical Papers.17 (1):31–52.doi:10.7202/030883ar. Retrieved7 September 2017.
^Milloy, John S. (1999).A National Crime: The Canadian Government and the Residential School System 1879–1986. University of Manitoba Press.ISBN 978-0-88755-646-3.
^Obituary,The Times, 22 November 1899, p.6.Available online at The Times Digital Archive(subscription required). Retrieved 31 July 2020.
^The London Gazette. Issue 21530 (1854) pp. 785
^JL. McCracken:The Cape Parliament. Clarendon Press: Oxford. 1967.
^"S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science".
^R. Kilpin:The Old Cape House. p.72.
^The London Gazette. Issue 22912 (1864), pp. 5371
^"APS Member History".search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved5 May 2021.
^International Plant Names Index.Rawson.

Obituary inJournal of the Royal Statistical Society, LXII (1899), 677–679.

v t e Governors of Barbados
Barbados (1627–1833)	H. Powell W. Deane C. Wolferstone J. Powell R. Wheatley^* W. Tufton Henry Hawley Richard Peers^* William Hawley^* Henry Huncks Philip Bell Francis Willoughby George Ayscue Daniel Searle^* Thomas Modyford^* Humphrey Walrond^* Francis Willoughby Henry Willoughby^* William Willoughby^* Samuel Barwick^* Henry Hawley^* William Willoughby Christopher Codrington^* Peter Colleton^* Jonathan Atkins^* John Witham^* Richard Dutton Edwyn Stede^* James Kendall Francis Russell Francis Bond^* Ralph Grey John Farmer^* Bevil Granville Mitford Crow George Lillington^* Robert Lowther William Sharpe^* John Frere^* Samuel Cox^* Henry Worsley Thomas Catesby Paget James Dotin^* Walter Chetwynd Emanuel Howe James Dotin^* Orlando Bridgeman Humphrey Howarth Thomas Gage Robert Byng James Dotin^* Thomas Robinson Henry Grenville Charles Pinfold Samuel Rous^* William Spry Samuel Rous^* Edward Hay^* John Dotin^* James Cunninghame John Dotin^* David Parry William Bishop^* George Poyntz Ricketts William Bishop^* Francis Mackenzie John Spooner^* George Beckwith James Leith John Foster Alleyne^* Stapleton Cotton John Skeete^* Samuel Hinds^* Henry Warde James Frederick Lyon
Barbados and the Windward Islands (1833–1885)	Lionel Smith Evan MacGregor Charles Henry Darling Charles Grey William Reid William Colebrooke Francis Hincks James Walker Rawson W. Rawson Sanford Freeling^* John Hennessy George Strahan D. J. Gamble^* William Robinson
Barbados (1885–1966)	Charles Lees Walter Sendall James Hay Frederick Hodgson Gilbert Carter Leslie Probyn Charles O'Brien William Robertson Harry Newlands Mark Young Eubule Waddington Henry Bushe Hilary Blood Alfred Savage Robert Arundell John Stow
Related	Government House
^* Served as Acting Governor of Barbados.

v t e Presidents of theRoyal Statistical Society
19th century	1834–1836The Marquess of Lansdowne 1836–1838Sir Charles Lemon, Bt 1838–1840The Earl FitzWilliam 1840–1842Viscount Sandon 1842–1843The Marquess of Lansdowne 1843–1845Lord Ashley 1845–1847The Lord Monteagle of Brandon 1847–1849The Earl FitzWilliam 1849–1851The Earl of Harrowby 1851–1853The Lord Overstone 1853–1855The Earl FitzWilliam 1855–1857The Earl of Harrowby 1857–1859Lord Stanley 1859–1861Lord John Russell 1861–1863Sir John Pakington, Bt 1863–1865William Henry Sykes 1865–1867The Lord Houghton 1867–1869William Ewart Gladstone 1869–1871William Newmarch 1871–1873William Farr 1873–1875William Guy 1875–1877James Heywood 1877–1879George Shaw-Lefevre 1879–1880Thomas Brassey 1880–1882James Caird 1882–1884Robert Giffen 1884–1886Rawson W. Rawson 1886–1888George Goschen 1888–1890Thomas Graham Balfour 1890–1892Frederic J. Mouat 1892–1894Charles Booth 1894–1896The Lord Farrer 1896–1897John Biddulph Martin 1897Alfred Edmund Bateman 1897–1899Leonard Courtney 1899–1900Henry Fowler 1900–1902The Lord Avebury
20th century	1902–1904Patrick George Craigie 1904–1905Sir Francis Powell, Bt 1905–1906The Earl of Onslow 1906–1907Richard Martin 1907–1909Sir Charles Dilke, Bt 1909–1910Jervoise Athelstane Baines 1910–1912Lord George Hamilton 1912–1914Francis Ysidro Edgeworth 1914–1915The Lord Welby 1915–1916Lord George Hamilton 1916–1918Bernard Mallet,Registrar General 1918–1920Herbert Samuel 1920–1922R. Henry Rew 1922–1924The Lord Emmott 1924–1926Udny Yule 1926–1928The Viscount D'Abernon 1928–1930A. William Flux 1930–1932Sir Josiah Stamp 1932–1934The Lord Meston 1934–1936Major Greenwood 1936–1938The Lord Kennet 1938–1940Arthur Lyon Bowley 1940–1941Henry William Macrosty 1941Hector Leak 1941–1943William Beveridge 1943–1945Ernest Charles Snow 1945–1947The Lord Woolton 1947–1949David Heron 1949–1950Sir Geoffrey Heyworth 1950–1952Austin Bradford Hill 1952–1954Ronald Fisher 1954–1955The Lord Piercy 1955–1957Egon Pearson 1957–1959Harry Campion 1959–1960Hugh Beaver 1960–1962Maurice Kendall 1962–1964Joseph Oscar Irwin 1964–1965Sir Paul Chambers 1965–1966L. H. C. Tippett 1966–1967M. S. Bartlett 1967–1968Frank Yates 1968–1969Arthur Cockfield 1969–1970R. G. D. Allen 1970–1971Bernard Benjamin 1971–1972George Alfred Barnard 1972–1973Harold Wilson 1973–1974D. J. Finney 1974–1975Henry Daniels 1975–1977Stella Cunliffe 1977–1978Henry Wynn 1978–1980Sir Claus Moser 1980–1982David Cox 1982–1984Peter Armitage 1984–1985Walter Bodmer 1985–1986John Nelder 1986–1987James Durbin 1987–1989John Kingman 1989–1991Peter G. Moore 1991–1993T. M. F. Smith 1993–1995D. J. Bartholomew 1995–1997Adrian Smith 1997–1999Robert Nicholas Curnow 1999–2001Denise Lievesley
21st century	2001–2003Peter Green 2003–2005Andy Grieve 2005–2007Tim Holt 2008–2009David Hand 2010–2010Bernard Silverman (resigned Feb 2010; replacedpro tem by David Hand) 2011–2012Valerie Isham 2013–2014John Pullinger 2014–2016Peter Diggle 2017–2018David Spiegelhalter 2019–Deborah Ashby
Category List

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF GND FAST WorldCat
National	United States Netherlands Belgium
Academics	International Plant Names Index
People	Trove Deutsche Biographie
Other	Open Library SNAC Yale LUX

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