| Rato Dratsang | |
|---|---|
 Rato monks in front of the temple at Rato Monastery, January 2015. | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Tibetan Buddhism |
| Sect | Gelug |
| Location | |
| Location | Currently in the Tibetan Settlement,Mundgod,Karnataka, India, (originally in Central Tibet) |
| Country | India |
  Shown within Karnataka Show map of Karnataka Rato Dratsang (India) Show map of India | |
| Geographic coordinates | 15°01′57″N75°00′00″E / 15.0326°N 75.00°E /15.0326; 75.00 |
| Architecture | |
| Founder | Tak Pa Zang Bo |
| Date established | 14th century |
| Part ofa series on |
| Tibetan Buddhism |
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Institutional roles |
History and overview |
Rato Dratsang (Dratsang inTibetan means 'monastery', lit. "monk's nest"), also known asRato Monastery (sometimes spelledRatö Monastery), Rato Dratsang is aTibetan Buddhist monastery of theGelug or "Yellow Hat" order. For many centuries, Rato Dratsang was an important monastic center of Buddhist studies in CentralTibet.
The5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (1617–1682), referred to Rato Dratsang as Taktsang, or Tiger Nest, because of its fine scholars and debaters. The monastery served as a center for the study of Buddhist philosophy andlogic; monks from many other monasteries came to Jang, under Rato’s authority, every year to intensively study and rigorously debate logic.
After 1959, Rato Dratsang was reestablished in a Tibetan Refugee Settlement in Mundgod,Karnataka State, in southern India. The original Rato Dratsang exists in Tibet.
In 1985, the Rato Dratsang Foundation, was established as a501(c)(3) nonprofit organization to help the monastery flourish and grow.
In 2012, the Dalai Lama appointed a westerner monk,Nicholas Vreeland, to be Rato Dratsang’s new Abbot.[1][2][3][4][5]
Rato Monastery was founded on the outskirts ofLhasa, the capital city of Tibet, in the 14th century by Tak Pa Zang Bo.[6]
During the 17th century, the GreatFifth Dalai Lama called Rato the "Tiger Nest", commenting in verse:[6]
Khyongla Rato Rinpoche, (1923–2022), founder ofThe Tibet Center, Kunkhyab Thardo Ling, in New York City, studied at the original Rato Monastery when he was a young monk. In 1959, about 500 monks studied at Rato.[6]
In 1983, Rato Dratsang was re-established in a Tibetan refugee settlement nearMungod, in Karnataka, India. The monastery initially consisted of a temple, a few monks' room, and a kitchen, all in a two-story building on one quarter-acre of land given to the few surviving Rato monks who had come from Tibet, by Drepung Loseling Monastery. A few years later, Rato Chuwar Rinpoche was appointed Abbot of Rato Dratsang by the Dalai Lama.
Over time, more land was acquired. In 2008, a plan was created by the Delhi architectural firm Pradeep Sachdeva Design Associates (PSDA) and construction of a new monastic campus began.[7] The new Rato Temple was inaugurated by the Dalai Lama in January 2011.
As of 2020, there are over 100 monks at Rato Dratsang.
When Rato Dratsang was first reestablished in Karnataka in India, it was administered as part of the re-establishedDrepung Loseling monastery, which is in the same area. In the late 1980s, however, Rato was able to become a separate monastery or monastic university.[8]
In May 2012, the14th Dalai Lama appointed Geshe Thupten Lhundup (Nicholas Vreeland) as the newabbot of the monastery. This was the first time that a westerner had been appointed abbot of a major Tibetan Buddhist monastery.[6] Rato Dratsang is "one of a few important Tibetan Government monasteries under the patronage of His Holiness the Dalai Lama".[9][10][11][12]
Rato Monastery is featured extensively in the 2014 documentary film,Monk with a Camera.
In 1986, Kyongla Rato Rinpoche and Geshe Thupten Lhundup (Nicholas Vreeland), along with some of their friends, created Rato Dratsang Foundation, a501(c)(3) non-profit foundation, in order to "generate financial support for the monastery, establish scholarly affiliations with Western centers of higher education, provide for the translation and publication of important writings currently unavailable to English-speaking and Chinese-speaking people, and establish a sister monastic college in the west."[6]