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Rakastava

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1912 suite by Jean Sibelius
Rakastava
Suite byJean Sibelius
The composer in 1913
Opus14
Composed1912 (1912)
Movements3
Scoring
Rakastava
Choral composition byJean Sibelius
Composed
  • 1894 (men's chorus)
  • 1894 (men's chorus and string orchestra)
  • 1898 (mixed chorus)
Movements4
Scoring
  • men's chorus (1894)
  • men's chorus and string orchestra (1894)
  • mixed chorus (1898)

Rakastava (The Lover),Op. 14, is asuite byJean Sibelius. He completed it in 1912, scored forstring orchestra,percussion andtriangle. He based it on his earlier composition of the same title, a song cycle of four movements formen's chorusa cappella completed in 1894. The works are based on a Finnish text in Book 1 of theKanteletar.

History

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In 1894, Sibelius completedRakastava, a cycle of foura cappella songs formen's chorus on a Finnish text in Book 1 of the collection of Finnish folk poems, theKanteletar.[1][2] He first set it in 1894, as an entry for a local competition. He won the second prize, while the first prize went to his former teacher.[3] Sibelius arranged the cycle for men's chorus and string orchestra in 1894, and for mixed choir in 1898.[1]

Sibelius used the cycle as the basis for the orchestral suiteRakastava forstring orchestra,percussion andtriangle, to which he assigned theopus number 14. He completed it in 1912, when he also wrote hisFourth Symphony.[1][4] Sibelius often conducted the suite together with his symphonies because the piece "captivated audiences".[1]

Music

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Structure of the song cycle

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  1. Missä armahani
  2. Armahan kulku
  3. Hyvää iltaa lintuseni[1]

Structure of the suite

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  1. Rakastava, Andante con moto (common time, D minor)
  2. Rakastetun tie (The way of the lover), Allegretto (3
    4
    , B major)
  3. Hyvää iltaa ... Jää hyvästi (Good evening, farewell), Andantino (cut time, F major & D minor)[5]

In the first movement, the strings sound light and beautiful. The choral part of the second movement was changed to "murmurs on the strings and wonderfully flexible melodic progressions."[1] The third movement is deeply emotional as its model.[1]

Discography

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The sortable table below contains other commercially available recordings of orchestral version ofRakastava:

No.ConductorEnsembleRec.[a]TimeRecording venueLabelRef.
1Leslie HewardLeslie Howard String Orchestra194110:38Birmingham Town HallHis Master's Voice
2Franz Litschauer [de]Vienna State Opera Orchestrac. 1952??Vanguard
3Arthur WinogradArthur Winograd String Orchestrac. 1956??MGM
4Gennady RozhdestvenskyU.S.S.R. State Radio and TV Symphony Orchestra196212:48?Yedang Classics
5Leslie JonesThe Little Orchestra of Londonc. 196911:45?Unicorn-Kanchana
6Leo Berlin [sv]Stockholm Philharmonic Chamber Ensemble196911:44Studio 4,Swedish RadioSwedish Society Discofil [sv]
7Sir John BarbirolliHallé Orchestra196912:54Kingsway HallEMI Classics
8Alois Springer [de]Hamburg Symphonyc. 197112:39?Allegria
9Leif SegerstamHelsingin kamariorkesteri [fi]197411:33Sibelius AcademyBIS
10Paavo Pohjola [fi]Espoo Chamber Orchestra197711:44Finlandia Hall;Meilahti Church [fi][k]Espoo Records
11Sir Neville MarrinerAcademy of St Martin in the Fields197710:47Kingsway HallArgo
12Sir Alexander GibsonScottish National Orchestra197712:16Motherwell Town HallChandos
13Nicolas FlagelloOrchestra da Camera di Romac. 1977??Peters International
14Roland DouatteRadio-Tele-Luxembourg Symphony Orchestrac. 198212:06?Valintatalo [fi]
15Neeme JärviGothenburg Symphony Orchestra198515:01Gothenburg Concert HallBIS
16William BoughtonEnglish String Orchestra198810:50Great Hall,University of BirminghamNimbus
17Adrian LeaperCappella Istropolitana198912:53Moyzes Hall,BratislavaNaxos
18Juhani Lamminmäki [fi]Tapiola Sinfonietta198911:01Tapiola Hall,Espoo Cultural CentreFinlandia
19Heikki Rautasalo [fi]Vox Artis Chamber Orchestra [fi]199010:35Tapiola Hall,Espoo Cultural CentreVox Artis
20Paavo BerglundFinnish Chamber Orchestra [sv]1991?Tampere HallFCO [sv]
21Mario BernardiCBC Vancouver Orchestra199211:05OrpheumCBC Records
22Richard RintoulColburn Chamber Orchestra199212:53Bridges Hall of MusicAmbassador
23Csaba &Géza SzilvayThe Helsinki Junior Strings199210:40?Finlandia
24Juha Kangas [fi]Ostrobothnian Chamber Orchestra199310:54Kaustinen Church [fi]Finlandia
25Péter CsabaVirtuosi di Kuhmo [fi]199411:01Kuhmo Church [fi]Ondine
26Sir Colin DavisLondon Symphony Orchestra199414:40Blackheath Concert HallsRCA Red Seal
27Michael Bartosch [sv]Musica Vitae [sv]200111:56Hemmesjö Church [sv]Intim Musik [sv]
28Osmo VänskäLahti Symphony Orchestra200212:18Sibelius HallBIS
29Vladimir AshkenazyRoyal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra200610:28Stockholm Concert HallExton [ja]
30Thomas KempChamber Domaine201710:57Sidney Sussex College Chapel; St Mary's Church,West Malling[k]Resonus Classics
31Susanna MälkkiHelsinki Philharmonic Orchestra202011:16Helsinki Music CentreBIS
32Edward GardnerBergen Philharmonic Orchestra202111:55Grieg HallChandos

Literature

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  • Tomi Mäkelä: "Jean Sibelius und seine Zeit" (German), (tr. "Jean Sibelius and his time") Laaber-Verlag, Regensburg 2013

Notes

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  1. ^Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.
  2. ^L. Heward–HMV (E 2904621) 1985
  3. ^F. Litschauer–Vanguard (VRS–430) 1952
  4. ^A. Winograd–MGM (E–3332) 1956
  5. ^G. Rozhdestvensky–Yedang Classics (CT–10059) 2001
  6. ^L. Jones—Unicorn-Kanchana (UKCD 2047) 1991
  7. ^L. Berlin–Swedish Society Discofil (SCD 1047) 2001
  8. ^J. Barbirolli–EMI Classics (7243 5 67299 2 6) 2000
  9. ^A. Springer–Allegria (221025–205) 2003
  10. ^L. Segerstam—BIS (CD–180) 1993
  11. ^abThe liner notes to this release list both venues without further specification (i.e., track-by-track).
  12. ^P. Pohjola–Espoo Records (ESP–001) 1977
  13. ^N. Marriner–Argo (417 132–2) 1986
  14. ^A. Gibson—Chandos (CHAN 8393) 1985
  15. ^N. Flagello–Peters International (PLE 087) 1971
  16. ^R. Douatte–Valintatalo (VLP 13) 1982
  17. ^N. Järvi–BIS (CD–312) 1986
  18. ^W. Boughton–Nimbus (NI7716/7) 2000
  19. ^A. Leaper–Naxos (8.550330) 1990
  20. ^J. Lamminmäki–Finlandia (4509–95859–2) 1991
  21. ^H. Rautasalo–Vox Artis (VACD 001) 1990
  22. ^P. Berglund–FCO (FCO 1001) 1991
  23. ^M. Bernardi–CBC (SMCD 5157) 1996
  24. ^R. Rintoul–Ambassador (ARC 1009) 1993
  25. ^C/G. Szilvay–Finlandia (544692) 1994
  26. ^J. Kangas–Finlandia (4509–98995–2) 1996
  27. ^P. Csaba–Ondine (ODE 830–2) 1994
  28. ^C. Davis–RCA Red Seal (82876–55706–2) 2003
  29. ^M. Bartosch–Intim Musik (IMCD 076) 2001
  30. ^O. Vänskä—BIS (CD–1265) 2004
  31. ^V. Ashkenazy—Exton (OVCL–00279) 2007
  32. ^T. Kemp–Resonus Classics (RES10205) 2018
  33. ^S. Mälkki—BIS (SACD–2638) 2023
  34. ^E. Gardner–Chandos (CHSA 5217) 2021

References

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  1. ^abcdefg"Other orchestral works / The Lover".Jean Sibelius. Finnish Club of Helsinki. Retrieved1 December 2015.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^Rakastava (The Lover). Oxford Dictionary of Music. 2007.ISBN 978-0-19-920383-3. Retrieved1 December 2015.
  3. ^Johnston, Blair."Rakastava (The Lover), for male chorus (with or without string orchestra), JS 160".AllMusic. Retrieved7 December 2015.
  4. ^Dettmer, Roger."Jean Sibelius / Rakastava (The Lover), suite for string orchestra, triangle & timpani, Op. 14".AllMusic. Retrieved1 December 2015.
  5. ^Sibelius, Jean (1913).Rakastava – Miniature Score Edition. Breitkopf & Haertel.ISMN 9790004206416.

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