Rafael Arnáiz Barón | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Religious | |
| Born | (1911-04-09)9 April 1911 Burgos, Kingdom of Spain |
| Died | 26 April 1938(1938-04-26) (aged 27) Dueñas, Palencia, Second Spanish Republic |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Beatified | 27 September 1992,Saint Peter's Square,Vatican City byPope John Paul II |
| Canonized | 11 October 2009, Saint Peter's Square, Vatican City byPope Benedict XVI |
| Majorshrine | Abbey of San Isidro de Dueñas |
| Feast | 26 April |
| Attributes | Trappist habit |
| Patronage | |
Rafael Arnáiz Barón, OCSO (9 April 1911 – 26 April 1938), also namedMaría Rafaelin religion, was aSpanishTrappistconventual oblate.[1] He studied architecture inMadrid, but decided to cease his studies in favor of the religious life. This was often interrupted due to his struggle withtype 1 diabetes and his being called for active military service. But these never hindered his religious call and he did as best as he could to deal with his diabetes through his constant life of reflection and writing on spiritual subjects in his letters.[2][3]
He wasbeatified on 27 September 1992 byPope John Paul II and wascanonized a saint of theCatholic Church byPope Benedict XVI on 11 October 2009.[4]
Rafael Arnáiz Barón was born on 9 April 1911 inBurgos as the first of four sons to Rafael Arnáiz (an engineer) and Mercedes Barón (newspaper columnists); his siblings after him were Rafael, Fernando, Leopoldo, and Mercedes.[3] Hisbaptism was celebrated on 21 April 1911 and he was named as "Rafael Arturo Alvaro José de la Immaculada Concepción i San Luis Gonzaga".[1] He made hisFirst Communion in Burgos on 25 October 1919.[4]
In his childhood he went to several schools that theJesuits ran and from October 1920 to 1922 was at one such college in Burgos where he was noted for his artistic talents; several bouts of fever often interrupted his studies.[2] In his adolescence it was clear that he had a range of intellectual and artistic gifts as well as those of the spiritual nature. These qualities were well-balanced in him and it produced an open and positive attitude to people and things which was characterized with exuberant good humor and respect. In 1923 his parents relocated toOviedo and he accompanied them so that he could attend the Jesuit college of San Ignacio where he graduated in 1929.[1] On 26 April 1930 he began his architectural studies inMadrid though suspended it for a brief period of time in December 1930 after he had a bacterial infection. His mother - in April 1921 - took him to his maternal grandmother in Madrid to recover and he was there for a month. Once he recovered his father took him toZaragoza in August 1921 to a church for him to be consecrated to theMother of God.
Once he graduated from high school in 1930 he sought a deeper commitment toJesus Christ which began in 1930. As a graduation present, he spent his summer vacation with his uncle Leopoldo and his aunt María who were the Duke and Duchess ofMaqueda at their residence nearÁvila. It marked the beginning of a deep and lasting friendship among them. At their encouragement he made his first contact that September with theTrappists ofSan Isidro de Dueñas inPalencia.[3] He was attracted to the silence and was attracted to theGregorian chant such as theSalve Regina that was sung atCompline. On 15 April 1934 - having finished hisarchitectural studies he entered the order as apostulant and then became anovice; he was convinced that this was his truereligious calling.[2]
He suffered from a severe case of type Idiabetes mellitus which developed four months after his entering theconvent and was diagnosed on 26 May 1934. The saddened and perplexed novice was forced to rest at home for a few months before returning, which he did three successive times from 1935 through 1937 at the height of theSpanish Civil War (one occasion was from 29 September to 6 December 1936 and again from 7 February to 15 December 1937). He was called into thearmed forces but was declared unfit for active service. On his final return to the convent - due to his medical condition - he was obliged to enter as a conventual oblate instead of as amonk, taking a lower place and living on the margins of the order; this circumstance revealed his intense vocational commitment. He received the habit on 17 April 1938 prior to his death and between December 1937 to April 1938 he had written 33 letters.[3][1][4]
On 22 April 1938, he suffered a high fever and became delirious at times due to that ailment; he saw his father for the last time on 21 April. He died from type I diabetes complications on 26 April 1938. His remains were relocated in 1965 and for the final time on 13 November 1972 into a small chapel.[1][4]Pope John Paul II, on 19 August 1989 atWorld Youth Day inSantiago de Compostela, proposed him as a model for adolescents.[2]
He embodied the order's charism and grace in a pure and intense manner and allowed himself to be led through a series of bewildering contradictions and perplexities such as sickness and war as well as him being unable to pronounce his vows – he renounced himself and his self-will.[4]
He lived with humiliation until in his death he attained the essence of monastic vows — though he was never allowed toprofess them on an official level. To him, the figure of Christ was not the object of research but rather the companion of absolute love.[citation needed]
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The sainthood process started in Palencia in an informative process that spanned from 28 June 1961 until 30 April 1967 while theologians agreed on 25 January 1974 that all of his spiritual writings were in full accordance with the norms of the faith. The formal introduction to the cause came later on 15 January 1983 and the late Trappist became titled as aServant of God. TheCongregation for the Causes of Saints validated the informative process inRome on 26 June 1987 and received thePositio dossier in 1987. Theologians approved this dossier on 12 May 1989 as did the C.C.S. on 11 July 1989. The confirmation of hisheroic virtue on 7 September 1989 allowed forPope John Paul II to sign a decree that titled him asVenerable.
The process for a miracle took place in the location that it originated in and it received C.C.S. validation on 6 October 1989; a medical board approved it on 31 October 1991 as did the theologians on 4 March 1992 and the C.C.S. on 7 April 1992. John Paul II approved this miracle on 13 June 1992 and beatified the Trappist on 27 September 1992 inSaint Peter's Square. The process for another miracle opened in Madrid and spanned from 9 April 2005 to 7 May 2006 before its validation on 30 November 2006. Medical experts assented to this on 13 March 2008 as well as theologians on 7 June 2008 and the C.C.S. members on 4 November 2008.Pope Benedict XVI approved this miracle on 6 December 2008 and formalized the date for the sainthood celebration in a consistory on 21 February 2009. Benedict XVI canonized him on 11 October 2009.
The miracle that led to the canonization was the January 2001 healing of Begoña Alonso Leon in Madrid. She was 30 and in the fifth month of being pregnant with her daughter Laura and began to feel severe contractions and headaches as well as signs ofeclampsia. On 25 December 2000 -Christmas - she was admitted at seven months into a Madrid hospital due to the symptoms worsening and after anultrasound was directed to the surgical theatre for acesarean section. Her daughter was born in good health but Leon's condition worsened and she was in theintensive care unit for over two weeks. Her rapid healing after this was attributed to the late Trappist whom she appealed to during her illness.
