 | Theneutrality of this article isdisputed. Relevant discussion may be found on thetalk page. Please do not remove this message untilconditions to do so are met.(December 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Racism in Hispanic and Latino American communities often manifests asanti-Black andanti-Indigenous racism. White and lighter-skinned Hispanics and Latinos may harbor racist views towardsAfro-Latinos and theIndigenous peoples of the Americas.Colorism in Hispanic and Latino communities may manifest as prejudice or discrimination against darker-skinned people by lighter-skinned Hispanics and Latinos. Native-born Hispanics and Latinos may exhibit xenophobic bias against immigrants from Latin America. Some Hispanic/Latino Americans have joined far-right political movements known for racism,white supremacy, xenophobia, and antisemitism.[1]
According toPew Research Center data, over one-quarter of Hispanics/Latinos in the United States report that they have experienced prejudice or discrimination for having darker skin within the Hispanic/Latino community. Among foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos, 32% have experience discrimination from other Hispanics/Latinos and among darker-skinned Hispanics/Latinos over 40% reported discrimination from within the community.[2]
The journalist Rachel Uranga has written that racism among Mexicans and Central American Latinos against people who are Black, Indigenous, and/or dark-skinned is "not ubiquitous" but "still runs deep in the community and is rooted in the colonial eras of Mexico and Central America."[3]
The legal scholar Tanya Katerí Hernández has written that anti-Black racism has a lengthy and often violent history within the Hispanic/Latino community.[4] According to Hernández, anti-Black racism is not an individual problem but rather a "systemic problem withinLatinidad" and that myths exist within the community that "mestizaje" exempts Hispanics/Latinos from racism.[5]
The 2012killing of Trayvon Martin byGeorge Zimmerman, an American of Peruvian descent, sparked widespread discussions about anti-Black racism in Hispanic/Latino communities.[6][dubious –discuss]
Many Latinos, particularly Afro-Latinos, participated in theGeorge Floyd protests of 2020.[6]
Hispanic/Latino racism against the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is rooted in the legacies ofSpanish andPortuguese colonialism in Latin America.[7]
Indigenismo in the United States is an ideology found among someChicanos/Mexican Americans, with roots in 20th-century state-sponsoredIndigenismo policies in Mexico.Indigenismo in theChicano movement encourageswhite/mestizo Chicanos to identify withIndigenous Mexican heritage, rather than with Spanish or European heritage. Chicano Indigenismo has been an important or central element ofChicanismo during the 20th century and into the 21st century.[9][10][11] However, Indigenous people and some individuals within the Chicano movement have been criticizingIndigenismo since at least the early 1970s, rejecting the ideology's emphasis on historical heritage rather than connections to contemporary Indigenous communities, as well asIndigenismo's ties toracism,eugenics, anti-Blackness, and anti-Indigeneity in Mexican politics.[12][13]
Some Hispanic/Latino Americans have joined far-right movements, includingwhite supremacist andChristian nationalist movements characterized by racism, xenophobia, andantisemitism. The journalistPaola Ramos, author ofDefectors: The Rise of the Latino Far Right and What It Means for America, has written that racism andanti-communism among Hispanic/Latino Americans has led to the rise of Latino support forTrumpism. According to Ramos,Cuban Americans andVenezuelan Americans in particular join far-right racist movements in part due to "political trauma" from living under authoritarian governments.[14]