| Race |
|---|
| History |
| Society |
| Race and... |
| By location |
| Related topics |
Racial nationalism is an ideology that advocates aracial definition ofnational identity. Racial nationalism seeks to preserve "racial purity" of a nation through policies such as banningrace mixing and the immigration of other races. To create a justification for such policies, racial nationalism often promoteseugenics, and advocates political and legislative solutions based on eugenic and other racial theories.[1]
Nationalism in Northeast Asia (China,Korea and Japan)[2] is partly related to 'racial nationalism' (民族主義),[3][4] it was influenced by theGerman ethnonationalist tradition (Völkisch movement andBlood and soil) of the 19th century, which was imported from Japan during theMeiji period.[2][5] This kind of nationalism is related to the term民族 similar to the German wordVolk.[6][7][8][9]
Chinese nationalism (中国民族主义 or 中华民族主义) in thePeople's Republic of China (PRC) is based on the concept ofZhonghua minzu (中华民族, lit: "Chinesefolk").Zhonghua minzu is translated as "Chinese nation", "Chinese people", "Chinese ethnicity" and "Chinese race".[10][11][12] Some academics have referred to Chinese nationalism as "racial nationalism".[4][13]
Some academics state that the termZhonghua minzu is intended to justify theHan-basedassimilationist policy.[2] Jamil Anderlini, an editor for theFinancial Times, said that the concept of "Chinese race" nominally includes56 officially recognized ethnicities (includingTibetans andUyghurs) in the PRC, but is "almost universally understood to mean the majority Han ethnic group, who make up more than 90 per cent of the population."[11] Since the mid-1990s, the CCP has utilizedPeking Man as an instrument of its racial nationalist discourse.[14][15]
Japanese ethnic nationalism (Japanese:日本民族主義,Hepburn:nihon minzoku shugi) is related tominzoku (民族), the Japanese word that translates to "people", "ethnic group", and "nation".Minzoku does not originally mean "race" in the general sense, andjinshu (人種) means "race", but someJapanese nationalists also useminzoku in a closer sense to "race";Taro Aso has called Japan a "one race" or "oneminzoku".[16][17] Prominent Japanese politicians have often kindled controversies by invoking the images of Japaneseracial superiority.[18]
Korean racial nationalism is related to the concept ofminjok, which variously translates as "nation", "ethnicity" or "race" in the English-speaking world. In the 20th century, racial nationalist sentiment was shared on allpolitical spectrums inSouth Korea, including not justright-wing dictatorships, but liberals and leftists who resisted it.[19][20] When the references tominjok were removed from South Korea'sPledge of Allegiance in 2007, it is opposed by someleft-wing nationalists who wished forKorean reunification.[21] According toBrian Reynolds Myers, racial nationalism inNorth Korea is the main ideology of maintaining the system.[22]
Many modernKorean nationalists deny the connection to "race" by limiting the meaning ofminjok to the meanings of "nation", "people" and "ethnic group",[23][24] becauseminjok (민족, lit: "folk") andinjong (인종, lit: race) are distinct concepts inKorean language.[24][25][26] However, many non-Korean observers actually recognizeminjok as meaning of "race" because "Koreanminjok" (한민족 or 조선민족) is defined by 'pure Korean blood'.[23][27][28][29][30]
Northeast Asians (NEA – Chinese, Koreans, Japanese) strike me as quite nationalistic, and nationalism up here is still tied up in right-Hegelian, 19th century notions of blood and soil. In China, the Han race is the focus of the government's newfound, post-communist nationalism. In Korea, it is only the racial unity of minjeok that has helped keep Korea independent all these centuries. In Japan, the Yamato race is so important that even ethnic Koreans living there for generations can't get citizenship and there's no immigration despite a contracting population. MC in NEA faces huge political opposition that the already existing multiculturalism of South and Southeast Asia (SEA) don't face.
... racial nationalism (minzu zhuyi 民族主義) was characteristic of any race, but he asked: "Will racial nationalism strengthen our race? In my opinion, it definitely will not."...
... minzoku nationalism rested on the twin pillars of 'blood and soil' and 'proper place'.
Zwar hatte man sich bei der Referenz auf das 'Chinesische Volk' (zhonghua minzu) sowie auf ' ethnische Chinesen ' ( hanren minzu ) durchaus schon lange des japanisch / chinesischen Begriffs ' minzoku ' bzw. ' minzu ' ( = Volk, Nation, Volk ) bedient, allein hatte man es vermieden ... zwischen 'Volk (minzu) und 'Ethnie' (zuqun) im chinesischen Kontext darin bestehe, ...
... (minjok, similar to the German Volk) ...
... minzu to translate the German word volk and the English words ethnos and nation. After the Japanese philosopher Enryou Inoue founded the magazine Nihonjin in 1888, the term minzu became widely used in Japan and influenced the whole news ...
Repeated use of what should now be translated as 'Chinese race, (Zhonghua Minzu 中华民族), alongside omission of ethnic minorities in official narratives ...
Although the change was inspired by the increase in multiethnic households, not by the drive to bolster state-patriotism per se, the left-wing media objected ...
The hum in their ideology is the Korean word minjok, which they would translate for us as "nationality," but is much closer in the way they use it to race.
people; ethnic group
race
... injong (race) or minjok (ethnos) in the historical context.
