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R4 nuclear reactor was anuclear reactor built at Marviken,Vikbolandet and the fourth nuclear reactor built inSweden. It washeavy watermoderated and intended for the dual role of130 MWe of power generation as well asplutonium production. It had a central role in theSwedish nuclear weapon programme. During the mid 1960s, thesocial democratic government officially abandoned the project of designing Swedish nuclear weapons and the Marviken plant became derelict. It was never loaded with fuel, and the project was cancelled in 1970.
The situation that the reactor was nearly completed, but never loaded with fuel, made it possible to use the plant for advanced international experiments during late 1970s and early 1980s, simulating various aspects of accident scenarios in nuclear power plants.[1] Four series of experiments were performed:[2]
Large amounts of data were collected and are archived atOECD/NEA,[2] and have been used for validation of computer simulation codes for nuclear power plants.
When the construction of the nuclear reactor was finally stopped 1970 a boiler house and an oil fired steam boiler was built. This made it possible to use the non-nuclear parts of the power station as well as the connecting power grid line. Since the turbine was optimized for the comparably low steam temperature and pressure from a nuclear reactor the efficiency of the oil fired plant became low (approximately 30 percent) compared to conventional fossil-fuel fired plants which may have efficiencies of 40 or even close to 50 percent. Hence the plant was only used as a peak load plant.
The oil fired boiler had a thermal power of approximately700 MW at an oil consumption of17 kg/s, and the corresponding electrical power was approximately200 MW. The plant was in operation until March 2009, but has since been decommissioned.
The nuclear reactor at Marviken plays a big role in Swedish thriller/sci-fi writerLars Wilderäng [sv]'s 2020 novelRedovisningsavdelning Marviken (lit. 'Accounting Department Marviken').
58°33′11″N16°49′58″E / 58.55306°N 16.83278°E /58.55306; 16.83278