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| Quzhou dialect | |
|---|---|
| 衢州話 | |
| Pronunciation | [dʒytɕiɯɦuɑ] |
| Native to | People's Republic of China |
| Region | Quzhou prefecture,Zhejiang |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | chuz1238 |
| This article containsIPA phonetic symbols. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofUnicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. | |
TheQuzhou dialect (衢州話; pronouncedWu Chinese pronunciation:[d̥͡ʒ̊y.tɕiɯ.ɦuɑ][missing tone] in the Quzhou dialect) is adialect ofWu Chinese spoken inQuzhou, China.
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Postalveolar | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m 迷 | n 拿 | ɲ 寧 | ŋ 咬 | |||
| Plosive | tenuis | p 巴 | t 丁 | k 公 | ʔ 愛 | ||
| aspirated | pʰ 怕 | tʰ 聽 | kʰ 空 | ||||
| slack voice | b̥ 爬 | d̥ 停 | ɡ̊ 共 | ||||
| Affricate | tenuis | ts 增 | tɕ 九 | tʃ 真 | |||
| aspirated | tsʰ 寸 | tɕʰ 秋 | tʃʰ 春 | ||||
| slack voice | d̥z̥ 存 | d̥ʑ̊ 求 | d̥ʒ̊ 陳 | ||||
| Fricative | tenuis | f 方 | s 森 | ɕ 心 | ʃ 雙 | x 好 | |
| slack voice | v̥ 房 | z̥ 時 | ʑ̊ 尋 | ʒ̊ 床 | ɣ̊ 或 | ||
| Approximant | l 來 | (j) 移 | (w) 吳 | ɦ 或 | |||
| Medial | Nucleus | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∅ | ɑ | e̞ | ɘɪ | ɔ | ɤ | ə | æ | ən | ã | ɒ̃ | oŋ | əʔ | ənʔ | ɐ̞ʔ | liquid | |
| ∅ | 試[ʐ] | 家[ɑ] | 菜[e̞] | 走[ɘɪ] | 包[ɔ] | 勾[ɤ] | 南[ə] | 三[æ] | 本[ən] | 打[ã] | 方[ɒ̃] | 公[oŋ] | 六[əʔ] | 脱[ənʔ] | 白[ɐ̞ʔ] | 爾[ɫ] |
| i | 去[i] | 謝[iɑ] | 變[ie] | 表[iɔ] | 九[iɯ] | 金[iɲ] | 兩[iã] | 旺[iɒ̃] | 窘[ioŋ] | 业[iɘʔ] | 弱[iɐ̞ʔ] | 姆[m] | ||||
| u | 布[u] | 瓜[uɑ] | 快[ue̞] | 會[uɘɪ] | 官[uə] | 慣[uæ] | 昏[uən] | 昌[uã] | 光[uɒ̃] | 國[uəʔ] | 划[uɐ̞ʔ] | 魚[ŋ] | ||||
| y | 雨[y] | 捐[yə] | 運[yɲ] | 肉[yəʔ] | 水衢[ɥ] | |||||||||||
The Quzhou dialect is considered to have seven tones. However, since the tone split from Middle Chinese, characters still depend on the voicing of the initial consonant. These constitute just three phonemic tones:ping,shang, andqu. (Ru syllables are phonemically toneless.)
| Number | Tone name | Tone contour | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 陰平 yīn píng | [˦] (44) | 江天飛空 |
| 2 | 陽平 yáng píng | [˩˩˨] (112) | 來同魚頭 |
| 3 | 陰上 yīn shàng | [˧˦] (34) | 懂紙古口 |
| 4 | 陽上去 yáng shàngqù | [˧˩] (31) | 外地路道 |
| 5 | 陰去 yīn qù | [˥˨] (52) | 對去馬你 |
| 6 | 陰入 yīn rù | [˥̚] (5) | 各黑出脫 |
| 7 | 陽入 yáng rù | [˩˨̚] (12) | 六肉白石 |
朋友
põ.jɤ
friend
你 我 個 朋友 啘。
ni ŋu kəʔ põ.jɤ ue
2SG 1SG GEN friend PTCL
You are my friend
The first example can be compared with Japanese: あなたは私の友達だよ。(anata wa watashi no tomodachi dayo.) Here, 啘 resembles Japanese だよ (dayo).
老師
lɔ.sʐ
teacher
要
iɔ
have
尊重
t͡seɲ.d̥͡ʒ̊õ
respect
人家。
niŋ.kɒ
other
渠(其) 你 老師 啘, 要 尊重 人家。
ɡ̊i ɲi lɔ.sʐ ue, iɔ t͡seɲ.d̥͡ʒ̊õ niŋ.kɒ
3SG 2SG teacher PTCL, have respect other
He/she is your teacher, and you have to respect him/her.
鉛筆
kæ.piəʔ
pencil
借
t͡ʃiɒ
borrow
鉛筆 借 支 我 好伐?
kæ.piəʔ t͡ʃiɒ t͡sʐ ŋu xɔ.fɐ̞ʔ
pencil borrow CL 1SG INTERR
Can I borrow a pencil?
飯
v̥æ
rice/meal
再
t͡se
again
喫
t͡ɕʰiəʔ
eat
碗
uə
bowl
多
tu
more
吃
t͡ɕʰiəʔ
eat
些兒
ʃin
more+
飯 再 喫 碗 添, 多 吃 些兒 啊。
v̥æ t͡se t͡ɕʰiəʔ uə tʰie, tu t͡ɕʰiəʔ ʃin o
rice/meal again eat bowl PTCL? more eat more+ PTCL
If you want to eat more, then eat more if you'd like.
感冒藥
kə.mɔ.jɐ̞ʔ
cold medicine
喫嘞
t͡ɕʰiəʔ.ləʔ
taking/eating
感冒藥 喫嘞 朆 你, 覅 記弗着 掉 唻!
kə.mɔ.jɐ̞ʔ t͡ɕʰiəʔ.ləʔ v̥ən ɲi, fiɔ t͡ɕʰi.fəʔ.t͡ʃɐ̞ʔ tɔ le
{cold medicine} taking/eating INTERR 2SG, NEG verb-remember/NEG PTCL IMP
Have you taken your cold medicine yet? Don't forget to take it!
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