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Government
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TheProvisional Workers-Peasants Government of Ukraine (Ukrainian:Тимчасовий робітничо-селянський уряд України,romanized: Tymchasovyi robitnycho-selianskyi uriad Ukrainy;Russian:Временное рабоче-крестьянское правительство Украины) was a provisional Soviet government created on November 28, 1918, inKursk on decision of theCommunist Party of Ukraine and help of the Russian Workers-PeasantsRed Army (RKKA), with its place of location was assigned the city ofSudzha, later relocated toBelgorod andKharkiv. On the same day the government released its manifest. This Soviet government was created in the very same way as the Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government of Belorussia which on 1 January 1919 also issued its manifest inMinsk. The Provisional Workers-Peasants Government of Ukraine became the highest legislative, executive and administrative body of Soviet power in Ukraine asSoviet Russia resumed hostilities against Ukraine.
Since July 1918 Bolsheviks were preparing an uprising against the Ukrainian government and theCentral powers.
At the Party Congress of theCommunist Party of Ukraine that took place on July 5–12, 1918 inMoscow and adapted the party's resolution "About Armed Uprising", it was decided to create the All-Ukrainian Central Military-Revolutionary Committee (Milrevkom). The Milrevkom was located inKursk and consisted from members of the Insurgency Bureau of the former Bolshevik government of Ukraine. Among its members wereAndrei Bubnov (leader),Volodymyr Zatonsky,Vladimir Aussem,Yuri Kotsyubynsky, andYuri Pyatakov.
Eager to resume open hostilities on August 5, 1918, the Milrevkom issued erroneous Order No.1 about general uprising in Ukraine which was not yet prepared. Next month under direction of the Communist Party of Ukraine formed the 1st and 2nd Ukrainian Soviet divisions.
The strike force of the government became the two Ukrainian insurgent divisions that were created in August 1918 by the All-Ukrainian Central Military-Revolutionary Committee. In Soviet historiography the committee was categorized as a leading organ of fighting for freedom of working masses of Ukraine against the Austria-Germany occupation forces and the bourgeois-land owners regime of theHetman of Ukraine. The Central Military-Revolutionary Committee was created in July 1918 at the First Congress of theCommunist Party of Ukraine that took place inMoscow. The leader of the committee wasAndrei Bubnov. The committee was also in charge of underground revolutionary committees and partizan formations. On August 5, 1918, it issued its Order #1About the nationwide uprising in Ukraine. The committee was dissolved already after four months in November 1918 when the Soviet forces established the Provisional Government of Ukraine.
After annulment of theTreaty of Brest-Litovsk on November 17, 1918, theSovnarkom of theSoviet Russia gave an order on organization of theRevolutionary Military Council at theKursk Direction Army Group that includedVladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko,Volodymyr Zatonsky andJoseph Stalin, while the commander of the task force was Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko. After the creation of the government, Joseph Stalin was later replaced byFyodor Sergeyev.
The main goal of the government was to accomplish the Socialist Revolution with the motto "All power to Soviets". On January 6, 1919, the government declared theUkrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, abbreviated UkrSSR. On January 16, 1919, the government fired its chairmanYuri Pyatakov and electedRussianBolshevik revolutionaryFyodor Sergeyev as his successor. On January 28, 1919, the provisional government was replaced by theAll-Ukrainian Council of People's Commissars represented by theFirst Rakovsky Government. The3rdAll-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets (March 6–10, 1919) approved the new government as the Council of People's Commissars by adopting theConstitution of the UkrSSR.
Government in Sudzha
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