ThePrince Motor Company (Japanese:プリンス自動車工業株式会社) was anautomobile marque from Japan which eventually merged intoNissan in 1966. It began as theTachikawa Aircraft Company, a manufacturer of various airplanes for theJapanese Army in World War II, e.g., the Ki-36, Ki-55 and Ki-74. Tachikawa Aircraft Company was dissolved after the war and the company took the name Fuji Precision Industries. It diversified intoautomobiles, producing anelectric car, theTama, in 1946, named for the region the company originated in,Tama, using theOhta series PC/PD platform. The company changed its name to Prince in 1952 to honorAkihito's formal investiture as Crown Prince of the nation. In 1954 they changed their name back to Fuji Precision Industries, and in 1961 changed the name back again to Prince Motor Company. In 1966, they became part of Nissan, while the Princeorganization remained in existence inside Nissan, asNissan Prince Store in Japan until Nissan consolidated the Prince dealership network into "Nissan Blue Stage" in 1999.
Prince had success building luxury automobiles. Among its most famous car lines were theSkyline andGloria, both of which were absorbed into the Nissan range and continued after their 1966merger; however, Prince also built the 15-passengerHomy which was eventually shared with theNissan Caravan and theNissan Laurel, a four-door sedan platform mate with the Skyline, on which Prince had begun development before the merger but was introduced after the merger in 1968. Prince had also begun development on a small car to compete with theToyota Corolla andNissan Sunny, but after the merger, the car was introduced as theNissan Cherry usingfront wheel drive.
Up to 1961, Prince used a four-letter model code for its vehicles. The first letter stood for the engine code (A was 1500 cc, B was 1900 cc), the second letter stood for the chassis model, the third letter stood for the body type (S for sedan, T for cabover truck, V for van, P for pickup truck and so on) and the fourth letter was the order of production. A fifth letter was sometimes added, and this was the model version (S for standard, D for deluxe). A number was added to the end to delineate revisions of the same model. This number was a Roman numeral until 1956, after which it was an Arabic numeral.
From 1962, Prince switched to an alpha-numeric code, similar to what Nissan would eventually use.
June 30, 1947 - The Fuchu Plant of the Kosoku Kikan Kogyo Co., Ltd. became theTokyo Electric Car Company. (Official foundation date of thePrince Motor Company.)
February 1949 -Shojiro Ishibashi invested in the Tokyo Electric Car Company and became the chairman.
November 30, 1949 - The Tokyo Electric Car Company changed its name toTama Electric Car Company.
November 1951 - The Tama Electric Car Company changed its name toTama Motor Company.
November 1952 - The Tama Motor Company changed its name toPrince Motor Company.
April 10, 1954 - The Prince Motor Company merged with its engine supplierFuji Precision Industries. The new company was namedFuji Precision Industries and the name Prince Motor Company disappeared in the meantime.
November 6, 1945 - TheGHQ defined Fuji Sangyo as theZaibatsu and decided to disband them.
May 1950 - Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. was disbanded.
July 1950 - Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. was divided into twelve companies. Of them, the Tokyo Plant (located inSuginami, Tokyo) and theHamamatsu Plant becameFuji Precision Industries.
April 1951 -Shojiro Ishibashi became the chairman of Fuji Precision Industries.
April 10, 1954 - Fuji Precision Industries merged with its customerPrince Motor Company. The new company was namedFuji Precision Industries and the name Prince Motor Company disappeared in the meantime.
After Merger of Fuji/Prince Until Merger with Nissan
February 1961 - Fuji Precision Industries changed its name toPrince Motor Company. (The name "Prince Motor Company" revived.)
1962 - Prince became the first Japanese car company to field a works team in a European rally, the Liège-Sofia-Liège.[6] Neither of the two Skylines entered finished the rally, which had an 82 percent attrition rate.[7]
1956 Prince BNSJ: Displayed at the 1956Tokyo Motor Show, the BNSJ was much larger compared to other Japanese cars of the era and was the first non-production prototype (concept) displayed at the Tokyo Motor Show. It was powered by the FG4A-20 engine, but was enlarged to 1.9L. The BNSJ never entered production.[8]
1956 Prince DPSK: The DPSK was developed as part of Japan's "National Car" program of 1955, similar to the German program that resulted in the Volkswagen Beetle. The proposal called for a 4-seater with an engine of 350 cc to 500 cc, a weight of around 400 kg (882 lb) and a top speed of 100 km/h (62 mph). The 495 kg (1,091 lb) DPSK was powered by a rear-mounted 24 hp, 601cc two-cylinder boxer engine known as the FG2D. This engine suffered from vibration and noise problems and was later replaced with a 599cc, 36 hp four-cylinder boxer engine called the FG4C and the car became the CPSK. Prince persevered with this concept until 1959 when the National Car program was cancelled, likely due to Prince becoming a more upscale quality car manufacturer.[9]
1963 Prince 1900 Sprint: Based on the Skyline 1500, the Sprint was designed by Scaglione of Italy and powered by the 1.9L GB-4 engine from the Gloria. The Sprint was shown at the 1963 Tokyo Motor Show, but did not enter production.[10]
^abKATSURAGI, Yoji "The Beam of the Light of the Prince Motor Company" Grand Prix Book Publishing Co., Ltd., October 22, 2003 (Japanese)ISBN4-87687-251-1
^TOMA, Setsuo "Prince - A Japanese Car Maker With A Proud Legacy" Miki Press Inc., October 25, 2008 (Japanese)ISBN978-4-89522-518-2
^『プリンス自動車の光芒』 桂木洋二著 グランプリ出版 22 October 2003 KATSURAGI, Yoji (2003), "The Beam of Light of the Prince Motor Company", Grand Prix Book Publishing Co., Ltd., (Japanese)ISBN4-87687-251-1
^『「プリンス」荻窪の思い出 II』荻友会編 私家版 1997年11月16日 "Prince - Memories of Ogikubo" Private press by Tekiyukai (former Prince engineers)Association, Nov. 16, 1997 (Japanese)
^Björklund, Bengt, ed. (September 1962). "Japansk Rallydebut" [Japanese Rally Debut].Illustrerad Motor Sport (in Swedish). No. 9. Lerum, Sweden. p. 7.
^Björklund, Bengt, ed. (October 1962). "Rally sensationer" [Rally Sensations].Illustrerad Motor Sport (in Swedish). No. 10. Lerum, Sweden. p. 8.
