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List of heads of government of Libya

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Prime Minister of Libya
رئيس الوزراء ليبيا
since 15 March 2021
Government of National Unity
StyleMr. Prime Minister
His Excellency
StatusHead of government
Member ofCabinet of Libya
Reports toChairman of the Presidential Council
SeatTripoli,Libya
Formation29 March 1951; 74 years ago (1951-03-29)
First holderMahmud al-Muntasir
DeputyDeputy Prime Minister

This article lists theheads of government ofLibya since the country'sindependence in 1951.

Libya has been in a tumultuous state since the start of theArab Spring-relatedLibyan crisis in 2011; the crisis resulted in the collapse of theLibyan Arab Jamahiriya and thekilling ofMuammar Gaddafi, amidst theFirst Civil War and theforeign military intervention.[1][2][3] The crisis was deepened by thefactional violence in theaftermath of the First Civil War, resulting in the outbreak of theSecond Civil War in 2014.[4] The control over the country is currently split between the internationally recognizedGovernment of National Unity (GNU) inTripoli and therivalGovernment of National Stability (GNS)—supported by theHouse of Representatives (HoR)—inTobruk, their respective supporters, as well as variousjihadist groups andtribal elements controlling parts of the country.[5][6]

Heads of government of Libya (1951–present)

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Kingdom of Libya (1951–1969)

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No.NamePortraitLifespanTerm of officePolitical affiliation
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
1Mahmud al-Muntasir1903–197029 March 195119 February 19542 years, 327 daysIndependent
Prime Minister. First tenure in the office. Served inacting capacity until 24 December 1951.
2Muhammad Sakizli1892–197619 February 195412 April 195452 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
3Mustafa Ben Halim1921–202112 April 195426 May 19573 years, 44 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
4Abdul Majid Kabar1909–198826 May 195717 October 19603 years, 144 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
5Muhammad Osman Said1924–200717 October 196019 March 19632 years, 153 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
6Mohieddin Fikini1925–199419 March 196320 January 1964307 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
(1)Mahmud al-Muntasir1903–197020 January 196420 March 19651 year, 59 daysIndependent
Prime Minister. Second tenure in the office.
7Hussein Maziq1918–200620 March 19652 July 19672 years, 104 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
8Abdul Qadir al-Badri1921–20032 July 196725 October 1967115 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
9Abdul Hamid al-Bakkoush1933–200725 October 19674 September 1968315 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
10Wanis al-Qaddafi1922–19864 September 196831 August 1969361 daysIndependent
Prime Minister. Deposed in the1969 revolution.

Libya under Gaddafi (1969–2011)

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Libyan Arab Republic (1969–1977)

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11Mahmud Suleiman Maghribi1935–20098 September 196916 January 1970130 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
12Muammar Gaddafi1942–201116 January 197016 July 19722 years, 182 daysMilitary /
Arab Socialist Union
Prime Minister. Simultaneously served as the Chairman of theRevolutionary Command Council (RCC).
13Abdessalam Jalloudborn 194416 July 19722 March 19774 years, 229 daysMilitary /
Arab Socialist Union
Prime Minister.
14Abdul Ati al-Obeidi1939–20232 March 19772 March 19792 yearsIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of theGeneral People's Committee (GPCO). Afterwards served asSecretary-General of the General People's Congress (head of state), from 1979 to 1981.
15Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi1939–20242 March 197916 February 19844 years, 351 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO. First tenure in the office.
16Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajabborn 194016 February 19843 March 19862 years, 15 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO. Previously served asSecretary-General of the General People's Congress (head of state), from 1981 to 1984. Afterwards served asGovernor of the Central Bank of Libya, from 1987 to 1990 and in 2011.
(15)Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi1939–20243 March 19861 March 1987363 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO. Second tenure in the office. Served at the time of the1986 United States bombing (Operation El Dorado Canyon).
17Umar Mustafa Al Muntasir1939–20011 March 1987[7]7 October 19903 years, 220 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO.
18Abuzed Omar Dorda1944–20227 October 199029 January 19943 years, 114 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO. Afterwards served as head of theMukhabarat el-Jamahiriya (national intelligence service), from 2009 to 2011.[8][9]
19Abdul Majid al-Qa′ud1943–202129 January 199429 December 19973 years, 334 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO.
20Muhammad Ahmad al-Mangoush1937–201629 December 19971 March 20002 years, 63 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO.
21Imbarek Shamekhborn 19521 March 200014 June 20033 years, 105 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO. Afterwards served asSecretary-General of the General People's Congress (head of state), from 2009 to 2010.
22Shukri Ghanem1942–201214 June 20035 March 2006[10]2 years, 264 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO.
23Baghdadi Mahmudiborn 19455 March 200623 August 20115 years, 171 daysIndependent
(Islamic socialist)
Secretary-General of the GPCO. Served at the time of theFirst Civil War and the concurrentforeign military intervention. Deposed during theBattle of Tripoli.

Transitional period (2011–present)

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24Mahmoud Jibril1952–20205 March 201123 October 2011232 daysIndependent
Prime Minister; served as Head of the Executive Team of theNational Transitional Council (NTC) until 23 March 2011. In rebellion to 23 August 2011, based inBenghazi during this period.
—Ali Tarhouniborn 195123 October 201124 November 201132 daysIndependent
Deputy Prime Minister, assumed office ascaretaker.
—Abdurrahim El-Keib1950–202024 November 201114 November 2012356 daysIndependent
Acting Prime Minister.
25Ali Zeidanborn 195014 November 201211 March 20141 year, 117 daysNational Party for Development and Welfare
Prime Minister. Briefly kidnapped by armed militants during the2013 coup attempt. Survived theFebruary 2014 coup attempt.
Following the2014 parliamentary election, the government was split between the newly-electedHouse of Representatives (HoR) and the outgoingGeneral National Congress (GNC), resulting in theSecond Civil War. The 2014 elections were declared invalid by theSupreme Court in November 2014.[11]
26Abdullah al-Theniborn 195411 March 20145 April 20162 years, 25 daysIndependent
Prime Minister. In rebellion, based inTobruk from August 2014, then inBayda. Internationally recognized until 12 March 2016. Served inacting capacity until 8 April 2014. Survived theMay 2014 coup attempt.
—Ahmed Maiteeqborn 197225 May 20149 June 201415 daysIndependent
Prime Minister. Appointment declared invalid by theSupreme Court.
—Omar al-Hassiborn 19496 September 201431 March 2015206 daysIndependent
Prime Minister of theNational Salvation Government (NSG). In rebellion, based inTripoli.
—Khalifa al-Ghawilborn 196431 March 20155 April 20161 year, 5 daysIndependent
Prime Minister of the NSG. Served inacting capacity until 1 December 2015. In rebellion, based in Tripoli.
Following the inauguration of thePresidential Council and theGovernment of National Accord (GNA), the government remain split between the HoR and the NSG, recreated after the2016 coup attempt. However, theHigh Council of State (HCS), based in Tripoli, recognized the GNA.
27Fayez al-Sarrajborn 19605 April 201615 March 20214 years, 306 daysIndependent
Prime Minister of the GNA, simultaneously served as the Chairman of thePresidential Council. Internationally recognized, based in Tripoli.
—Khalifa al-Ghawilborn 196414 October 201616 March 2017153 daysIndependent
Prime Minister of the recreated NSG. In rebellion, based in part of Tripoli.
—Abdullah al-Theniborn 19545 April 201615 March 20214 years, 344 daysIndependent
Prime Minister of the HoR. Based in opposition in Tobruk.
28Abdul Hamid Dbeibehborn 195815 March 2021Incumbent4 years, 255 daysIndependent
Prime Minister of theGovernment of National Unity (GNU). Internationally recognized, based in Tripoli.
—Fathi Bashaghaborn 19623 March 202216 May 20231 year, 74 daysIndependent
Prime Minister of theGovernment of National Stability (GNS), supported by the HoR. Based in opposition in Sirte.[12][13][14] Suspended by the HoR on 16 May 2023.[15]
—Osama Hammadborn 197916 May 2023Incumbent2 years, 193 daysIndependent
Acting Prime Minister of the GNS, supported by the HoR. Designated Acting Prime Minister by the HoR after the suspension of Fathi Bashagha.[15]

Timeline

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See also

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Arab LeagueMember State of the Arab League

Legislature
Judiciary
flagLibya portal

Notes

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  1. ^Disputed withOsama Hammad, head of theGovernment of National Stability, who is recognized by theHouse of Representatives as the acting Prime Minister of Libya.

References

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  1. ^"Libya mired in chaos 10 years after Arab Spring".Agence France-Presse.France 24. 10 February 2021. Retrieved14 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ^"10 years since Kadhafi death, stability still eludes Libya".Agence France-Presse.France 24. 19 October 2021. Retrieved14 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  3. ^"Feature: Libyans struggling in poverty, chaos 10 years after NATO intervention".Xinhua News Agency. 7 May 2021. Retrieved14 February 2022.
  4. ^"Libya's Second Civil War: How did it come to this?".Conflict News. Archived fromthe original on 20 March 2015. Retrieved22 March 2015.
    National Post View (24 February 2015)."National Post View: Stabilizing Libya may be the best way to keep Europe safe".National Post. Retrieved22 March 2015.
  5. ^Pelham, Nicolas (February 2015)."Libya Against Itself".The New York Review of Books. Retrieved18 February 2015.
  6. ^Fadel, L."Libya's Crisis: A Shattered Airport, Two Parliaments, Many Factions".Archived 2015-04-26 at theWayback Machine
  7. ^"The World".LA Times. 3 March 1987. Retrieved1 January 2021.
  8. ^"Libyan ex-PM named new spy chief".IOL. Agence France-Presse. 12 April 2009. Retrieved1 January 2021.
  9. ^William Maclean (11 September 2011)."Exclusive: At bay, captured Libyan spy chief defiant".Reuters. Retrieved1 January 2021.[dead link]
  10. ^"Libya's reforming premier sacked".BBC News. 6 March 2006. Retrieved1 January 2021.
  11. ^"Libya court 'invalidates' parliament". BBC News. 6 November 2014.Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved21 June 2018.
  12. ^"Libyan parliament swears in new PM as crisis deepens".Al Jazeera. 3 March 2022. Retrieved3 March 2022.
  13. ^Assad, Abdulkader (3 March 2022)."Bashagha's government sworn in at HoR in Tobruk".Libya Observer. Retrieved4 March 2022.
  14. ^Zaptia, Sami (8 June 2022)."Bashagha government is to resume its work from the city of Sirte".Libya Herald. Retrieved11 June 2022.
  15. ^ab"Libya parliament suspends rival eastern-based PM Bashagha".Al Jazeera. 16 May 2023. Retrieved29 May 2023.

External links

[edit]
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