The socialistpolitical movement includes political philosophies that originated in the revolutionary movements of the mid-to-late 18th century and out of concern for thesocial problems that socialists associated with capitalism. By the late 19th century, after the work ofKarl Marx and his collaboratorFriedrich Engels, socialism had come to signifyanti-capitalism and advocacy for apost-capitalist system based on some form of social ownership of the means of production. By the early 1920s,communism and social democracy had become the two dominant political tendencies within the international socialist movement, with socialism itself becoming the most influential secular movement of the 20th century. Many socialists also adopted the causes of other social movements, such asfeminism,environmentalism, andprogressivism. (Full article...)
Friedrich Engels (German:[ˈfʁiːdʁɪçˈɛŋl̩s]; 28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German philosopher, social and political theorist, journalist, businessman, andrevolutionary socialist. He is best known for his lifelong collaboration withKarl Marx, with whom he co-authoredThe Communist Manifesto (1848) and developed the political and philosophical system that came to be known asMarxism. After Marx's death, Engels served as the editor of his works, completing the second and third volumes ofDas Kapital.
Image 5Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theoristVladimir Lenin in 1920 (fromSocialism)
Image 6Russian anarchistMikhail Bakunin opposed theMarxist aim of dictatorship of the proletariat in favour of universal rebellion and allied himself with the federalists in the First International before his expulsion by the Marxists (fromHistory of socialism)
Image 7Barricades Boulevard Voltaire, Paris during the uprising known as the Paris Commune (fromHistory of socialism)
Image 9The first anarchist journal to use the termlibertarian wasLe Libertaire, Journal du Mouvement Social, published in New York City between 1858 and 1861 by Frenchlibertarian communistJoseph Déjacque, the first recorded person to describe himself aslibertarian. (fromSocialism)
Image 20The capital letterA surrounded by acircle is a common symbol of anarchism. (fromSocialism)
Image 21"Is The World Turning Socialist?" An article by Allen D. Albert published inThe Rotarian commenting on the rising popularity of socialism in thepostwar era, January 1918 (fromHistory of socialism)
... that socialists received 31 percent of the vote in the1917 Łódź City Council election, but the system implemented by the German occupying authorities only gave them 8 percent of the seats?
Theworld war which has smashed the International must, however, be realized as a powerful sermon making clear the need for a new International, an International of another kind, with a different force from that which the capitalist powers so easily scattered on August 4, 1914.
Only in the cooperation of the working masses of all countries, in times of war as in times of peace, does the salvation ofhumanity lie. Nowhere have the masses desired this war. Nowhere do they desire it. Why should they, then, with a loathing for war in their hearts, murder each other to the finish? It would be a sign of weakness, it is said, for any one people to suggest peace; well, let all the people suggest it together. Thenation which speaks first will not show weakness but strength. It will win the glory and gratitude of posterity. It is the duty of everySocialist at the present time to be a prophet of international brotherhood, realizing that every word he speaks in favor ofsocialism andpeace, every action he performs for these ideals enflame similar words and actions in other countries, until the flames of the desire for peace shall flare high over all Europe. The example which you and ourRussian andServian comrades have given to the world will have an emulating effect wherever Socialists have been ensnared by the designs of the ruling classes, and I am sure the mass of theBritish workers will soon rally to the International Labor Party. Already among theGerman workers there is far greater opposition to the war than is generally supposed, and the louder the echo of the cry for peace in other countries the more vehemently and energetically will they work for peace here. Thus shall the working classes of all the belligerent countries become conscious of the necessity to fight for a peace consistent with the principles of Socialism, a peace withoutconquest and withouthumiliation, a peace based not onhatred but onfraternity, not on force but onfreedom, a peace which, because of itsjustice, may be everlasting. In this way, even during the war, the International can be revived and can atone for its previous mistakes. Thus it must revive, a different International, increased not only in numerical strength but in revolutionary fervor, in clearness of vision and in preparedness to overcome the danger ofabsolutism, of secret diplomacy, and ofcapitalist conspiracies against peace.
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