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Philadelphia (/ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə/ ⓘFIL-ə-DEL-fee-ə), colloquially referred to asPhilly, is themost populous city in the U.S. state ofPennsylvania. It is thesixth-most populous city in the United States with a population of 1.6 million at the2020 census, while the Philadelphia metropolitan area (sometimes called theDelaware Valley) with 6.33 million residents is the nation'sninth-largest metropolitan area. Philadelphia is known forits culture,cuisine, andhistory, maintaining contemporary influence inbusiness and technology, sports, and music.
As of 2023[update], the Philadelphia metropolitan area had agross metropolitan product of US$557.6 billion and is home to 13Fortune 500 corporate headquarters. Metropolitan Philadelphia ranks as one of the nation's Big Fiveventure capital hubs, facilitated by its proximity to both thefinancial ecosystems of New York City and the regulatory environment of Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Philadelphia is also abiotechnology hub and has garnered the nickname "Cellicon Valley" for its central role in the development ofimmunotherapies to treat different cancers. ThePhiladelphia Stock Exchange, owned byNasdaq since 2008, is the nation's oldest stock exchange and a global leader inoptions trading.30th Street Station, the city's primary rail station, is thethird-busiest Amtrak hub in the nation with over 4.1 million passengers in 2023. The city'smultimodal transportation and logistics infrastructure includesPhiladelphia International Airport, thePhilaPort seaport, andInterstate 95, a primary component of the north–south highway system along theU.S. East Coast. (Full article...)
ThePhiladelphia Phillies has employed 51 managers and 10 general managers (GMs). Duties of the manager include team strategy and leadership on and off the field. Of those 51 managers, 15 have been "player-managers", who managed the team while still being signed as a player. In contrast, the general manager controls player transactions, hires and fires coaching staff, and negotiates players' contracts. The Phillies posted their franchise record forlosses in aseason during their record-setting streak of sixteen consecutive losing seasons (with awinning percentage below .500), with 111 losses in 154 games in1941. During this stretch from1933 to1948, the team had seven different managers, all of whom posted winning percentages below .430 for their Phillies careers. Seven managers have taken the Phillies to the postseason, withDanny Ozark leading the team to three playoff appearances.Dallas Green andCharlie Manuel are the only Phillies managers towin aWorld Series: Green in1980 against theKansas City Royals; and Manuel in2008 against theTampa Bay Rays. The longest-tenured GM has beenPaul Owens, with 11 years' service, from1972 to1983. Owens also served as the team manager in 1972, and from 1983 to1984. After this, he served as a team executive until2003, and was inducted into thePhiladelphia Baseball Wall of Fame in recognition of his services.
TheMerchants' Exchange Building is a historic building located on the triangular site bounded by Dock Street, Third Street, andWalnut Street in theOld City neighborhood ofPhiladelphia. The building was designed by architectWilliam Strickland, in theGreek Revival style, and built between 1832 and 1834. The exchange operated as a brokerage house in the nineteenth century, but by 1875 thePhiladelphia Stock Exchange had taken its place. The building was declared aNational Historic Landmark in 2001 due to its significance as the oldest extant stock exchange building in the country.Independence National Historical Park's headquarters are located in the building.
E. Urner Goodman was an influential leader in theBoy Scouts of America (BSA) movement for much of the twentieth century. Goodman was the national program director from 1931 until 1951, during the organization's formative years of significant growth when theCub Scouting andExploring programs were established. He developed the BSA's national training center in the early 1930s and was responsible for publication of the widely readBoy Scout Handbook and other Scouting books, writing theLeaders Handbook used by Scout leaders in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s. In the 1950s, Goodman was Executive Director of Men's Work for theNational Council of Churches inNew York City and active in church work. Goodman is best remembered today for having created theOrder of the Arrow (OA), a popular and highly successful program of the BSA that continues to honor Scouts for their cheerful service. Since its founding in 1915, the Order of the Arrow has grown to become a nationwide program having thousands of members, which recognizes those Scouts who best exemplify the virtues of cheerful service, camping, and leadership by membership in BSA's honor society. As of 2007, the Order of the Arrow has more than 183,000 members.
"We can only solve our biggest problems if we come together and embrace the freedoms that our Founding Fathers established right here in Philadelphia, which permitted our ancestors to create the great American exceptionalism that all of us now enjoy."*
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