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Portal:Northern Ireland

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The Northern Ireland Portal

Introduction

Location of Northern Ireland within theUnited Kingdom
Northern Ireland borders theRepublic of Ireland to its south and west.

Northern Ireland is apart of theUnited Kingdom in the north-east of the island ofIreland. It has beenvariously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland sharesan open border to the south and west with theRepublic of Ireland. At the2021 census, its population was 1,903,175, making up around 3% of theUK's population and 27% of the population on the island ofIreland. TheNorthern Ireland Assembly, established by theNorthern Ireland Act 1998, holds responsibility for a range ofdevolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for theUK Government. Thegovernment of Northern Ireland cooperates with thegovernment of Ireland in several areas under the terms of theGood Friday Agreement. The Republic of Ireland also has a consultative role on non-devolved governmental matters through the British–Irish Governmental Conference (BIIG).

Northern Ireland was created in 1921, whenIreland was partitioned by theGovernment of Ireland Act 1920, creating a devolved government for thesix northeastern counties. As was intended by unionists and their supporters inWestminster, Northern Ireland had aunionist majority, who wanted to remain in the United Kingdom; they were generally theProtestant descendants ofcolonists from Britain. Meanwhile, the majority inSouthern Ireland (which became theIrish Free State in 1922), and a significant minority in Northern Ireland, wereIrish nationalists (generallyCatholics) who wanted aunited independent Ireland. Today, the former generally see themselves as British and the latter generally see themselves as Irish, while a Northern Irish orUlster identity is claimed by a significant minority from all backgrounds.

The creation of Northern Ireland was accompanied by violence both in defence of and against partition. DuringThe Troubles in Ulster (1920–1922), the capitalBelfast saw majorcommunal violence, mainly between Protestant unionist and Catholic nationalist civilians. More than 500 were killed and more than 10,000 became refugees, mostly Catholics. For the next fifty years, Northern Ireland had an unbroken series ofUnionist Party governments. There was informal mutualsegregation by both communities, and the Unionist governments were accused of discrimination against the Irish nationalist and Catholic minority. In the late 1960s, acampaign to end discrimination against Catholics and nationalists was opposed byloyalists, who saw it as arepublican front. This unrest sparkedthe Troubles, a thirty-year conflict involving republican and loyalist paramilitaries and state forces, which claimed over 3,500 lives and injured 50,000 others. The 1998Good Friday Agreement was a major step in thepeace process, includingparamilitary disarmament and security normalisation, althoughsectarianism and segregation remain major social problems, and sporadic violence has continued. (Full article...)

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TheCarrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge (locally pronounced carrick-a-reed) is arope bridge nearBallintoy inCounty Antrim,Northern Ireland. The bridge links the mainland to the tiny island of Carrickarede (fromIrishCarraig a' Ráid, meaning 'rock of the casting'). It spans 20 metres (66 ft) and is 30 metres (98 ft) above the rocks below. The bridge is mainly a tourist attraction and is owned and maintained by theNational Trust. In 2018, the bridge had 485,736 visitors. The bridge is closed for winter (subject to weather) and people may cross it for a £13.50 to £15.50 (adult) fee. (Full article...)

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David Ervine (21 July 1953 – 8 January 2007) was aNorthern IrishUlster Loyalist and politician who served as leader of theProgressive Unionist Party (PUP) from 2002 to 2007 and was also aMember of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) forBelfast East from 1998 to 2007. During his youth Ervine was a member of theUlster Volunteer Force (UVF) and was imprisoned for possessing bomb-making equipment, and planting a bomb on the Lisburn Road. Whilst in jail he became convinced of the benefits of a more political approach for loyalism and became involved with the PUP. As a leading PUP figure, Ervine helped to deliver theloyalist ceasefire of 1994. (Full article...)

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Northern Ireland on Wikipedia

  • Northern Ireland is in the top 250 most referenced articles. It ranks 232nd, with 3,955 links to it - one more link thanMusic, and many more links than theBible.
  • BesidesEnglish, the Northern Ireland article has been translated to 44 other languages.

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