The company was quickly successful, with large volumes of freight and passengers traveling its line; as a result, the route was double tracked in 1848. Operations were run jointly with theBoston and Lowell Railroad (B&L) from 1857 to 1878 as arailroad pool. Following the dissolution of this agreement, the N&L returned to independent operations until 1880, when the Boston and Lowell Railroad leased the entire line. The Boston and Lowell was in turn leased by theBoston and Maine Railroad (B&M) in 1887; the Nashua and Lowell continued to exist on paper until it was formally purchased by the B&M in 1944. Though the company no longer exists, its line is part of B&M successorPan Am Railways as of 2021. (Full article...)
Richard Warner Carlson (bornRichard Anderson; February 10, 1941 – March 24, 2025) was an American journalist, diplomat and lobbyist who was the director of theVoice of America from 1986 to 1991. Carlson also was a newspaper and wire service reporter, magazine writer, documentary filmmaker, and television/radio correspondent. He was the father of conservative political commentatorTucker Carlson. (Full article...)
TheBoston and Maine Railroad (B&M) built a new line through Wilmington in 1845 and began stopping there around 1849. A station was built in 1851 and renamed North Wilmington in 1888. The station was destroyed by a fire in 1914, and a new structure was built. The ticket office closed in 1949; all service to North Wilmington ended in 1959. A local newspaper rented the building in 1955 and bought it in 1960. It was damaged by fire in 1988 and demolished in 1991. (Full article...)
Coles arrived in Massachusetts Bay in 1630 on theWinthrop Fleet where he became a first settler of the towns ofRoxbury and Agawam, nowIpswich, and an early settler ofSalem. After repeated fines for drunkenness, he was ultimately sentenced to wear a red letter "D" as abadge of shame for a year, an event that may have served as an inspiration forNathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 novelThe Scarlet Letter. (Full article...)
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Map of the battle location. Chelsea Creek separated the islands from Chelsea on the mainland to the north. The schoonerDiana is represented by the burning vessel labeled "16". It was in Chelsea Creek during the battle and was never at the location indicated. It burned north of the boat labeled "Ferry Boat."
The American colonists met their goal of strengthening thesiege of Boston by removing livestock and hay on those islands from the reach of the British regulars. The Britisharmed schoonerDiana was also destroyed and its weaponry was appropriated by the Colonial side. This was the first naval capture of the war, and it was a significant boost to the morale of the Colonial forces. (Full article...)
Stephen W. Doran (born March 26, 1956) is an American politician who was a member of theMassachusetts House of Representatives from 1981 to 1995. He later worked as a bank executive and math tutor. In 2014 he pleaded guilty to drug trafficking and served 3 years in prison; he was scheduled to finish his sentence in 2017. (Full article...)
In April 2025, Connolly announced that he would not seek re-election in 2026 citing health concerns. He died in office on May 21, 2025, following a battle withesophageal cancer. (Full article...)
Members of theMassachusetts congressional delegation introduced legislation in 1924 which would provide for a commemorative half dollar for the anniversary. The bill passed both houses ofCongress and was signed by PresidentCalvin Coolidge. Beach had to satisfy committees from bothLexington andConcord, and theCommission of Fine Arts passed the design only reluctantly, feeling Beach had been given poor materials to work with. (Full article...)
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John Farrar (July 1, 1779 – May 8, 1853) was an American scholar. He first coined the concept ofhurricanes as “a moving vortex and not the rushing forward of a great body of the atmosphere”, after theGreat September Gale of 1815. Farrar remained Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy atHarvard University between 1807 and 1836. During this time, he introduced modern mathematics into the curriculum. He was also a regular contributor to the scientific journals. (Full article...)
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Engraving by Samuel William Reynolds (1821) of "Mary Wilkes (Mrs. Hayley)" by SirJoshua Reynolds (1763)
Mary Hayley (néeWilkes; 30 October 1728 – 9 May 1808) was an English businesswoman. She parlayed an inheritance from her first husband into a sizeable estate with her second husband. Upon the latter's death, she took over the business and successfully operated a shipping firm from 1781 to 1792 before living out her life inBath.
Hayley was born in 1728 in London to the prosperous distiller Israel Wilkes junior and was a sister to the politicianJohn Wilkes. Kind-hearted but opinionated, she lived an unconventional life and was known for her astute observation and discussion, based upon her wide reading. Refusing to bow to custom, she attended trials at theOld Bailey and travelled throughout Britain to satisfy her wide-ranging curiosity. Marrying a widower, Samuel Storke junior, in 1752, she became a widow within the year with a young step-son. As her husband's sole heir, she inherited his business and soon after his death married his chief clerk,George Hayley. He turned out to be a shrewd businessman, increasing her inherited wealth tenfold during his lifetime. Their business established extensive trade relationships with the American colonies, supplying the tea which gained infamy in theBoston Tea Party. (Full article...)
Thislist of birds of Massachusetts includesspecies documented in theU.S. state ofMassachusetts and accepted by the Massachusetts Avian Records Committee (MARC). As of July 2023, there are 516 species included in the official list. Of them, 194 are on the review list (see below), six have beenintroduced to North America, three areextinct, and one has beenextirpated. An additional seven species are on a supplemental list of birds whose origin is uncertain. An additional accidental species has been added from another source.
This list is presented in thetaxonomic sequence of theCheck-list of North and Middle American Birds, 7th edition through the 62nd Supplement, published by theAmerican Ornithological Society (AOS). Common and scientific names are also those of theCheck-list, except that the common names of families are from theClements taxonomy because the AOS list does not include them. (Full article...)
Boston is the capital of theU.S. state ofMassachusetts and the largest city inNew England. It is home to over 580 completed high-rises, 73 of which stand taller than 300 feet (91 m) as of 2025. Boston's skyline is by far the largest inNew England, and the city has the second most skyscrapers taller than 492 ft (150 m) in theNortheastern United States, afterNew York City. The tallest building in Boston is the 62-story 200 Clarendon, better known as theJohn Hancock Tower; the office skyscraper rises 790 ft (241 m) in theBack Bay district, southwest ofDowntown Boston.
The history of skyscrapers in Boston began early with the completion of the 13-storyAmes Building in 1893. TheGreek Revival styleCustom House Tower, which was Boston's tallest building from 1915 to 1964, was among the first skyscrapers outside of New York City. Boston went through a major building boom from the 1960s to the early 1990s, resulting in the construction of over 30 buildings taller than 300 ft (91 m), including the John Hancock Tower and the city's second-tallest building, thePrudential Tower. At the time of the Prudential Tower's completion in 1964, it stood as the tallest building in North America outside ofNew York City. (Full article...)
TheCommonwealth ofMassachusetts has 14counties, though eight of these fourteen county governments were abolished between 1997 and 2000. The counties in the southeastern portion of the state retain county-level local government (Barnstable,Bristol,Dukes,Norfolk,Plymouth) or, in one case, (Nantucket County) consolidated town-county government. Vestigial judicial and law enforcement districts still follow county boundaries even in the counties whose county-level government has been disestablished, and the counties are still generally recognized as geographic entities if not political ones. Three counties (Barnstable,Hampshire, andFranklin) have formed new county regional compacts to serve as a form of regional governance. (Full article...)
Officially known as the "First-Year Player Draft", the draft is MLB's primary mechanism for assigning amateur baseball players from high schools, colleges, and other amateur baseball clubs to its teams. The draft order is determined based on the previous season's standings, with the team possessing the worst record receiving the first pick. In addition, teams that lostfree agents in the previous off-season may be awardedcompensatory or supplementary picks. (Full article...)
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Team photograph of the 1890 Boston Reds TheBoston Reds were aMajor League Baseball franchise that played in thePlayers' League (PL) in 1890, and one season in theAmerican Association (AA) in 1891. In both seasons, the Reds were their league's champion, making them the second team to win back-to-back championships in two different leagues. The first franchise to accomplish this feat was theBrooklyn Bridegrooms, who won the AA championship in 1889 and theNational League (NL) championship in 1890. The Reds played their home games at theCongress Street Grounds.
The Reds were an instant success on the field and in the public's opinion. The team signed several top-level players, and they played in a larger, more comfortable and modern ballpark than theBoston Beaneaters, the popular and well established cross-town rival. Player signings that first year included futureHall of FamersKing Kelly,Dan Brouthers, andCharles Radbourn, along with other veterans such asHardy Richardson,Matt Kilroy,Harry Stovey, andTom Brown. The PL ended after one season, leaving most of its teams without a league. (Full article...)
Godsmack is an Americanrock band founded in 1995 by singerSully Erna and bassistRobbie Merrill. The band has released ninestudio albums, oneEP, twocompilations, threevideo albums, and thirty-foursingles. Erna and Merrill recruited local friend and guitarist Lee Richards and drummerTommy Stewart to complete the band's lineup. In 1996,Tony Rombola replaced Richards, as the band's guitarist. In 1998, Godsmack released theirself-titled debut album, a remastered version of the band's self-released debut,All Wound Up.... The album was distributed byUniversal/Republic Records and shipped four million copies in the United States. In 2001, the band contributed the track "Why" to theAny Given Sunday soundtrack. After two years of touring, the band releasedAwake. Although the album was a commercial success, it failed to match the sales ofGodsmack. In 2002, Stewart left the band due to personal differences, and was replaced byShannon Larkin.
The band's third album,Faceless (2003), debuted at number one on the USBillboard 200. In 2004, Godsmack released an acoustic-based EP titledThe Other Side. The EP debuted at number five on theBillboard 200 and was certified gold by theRIAA.[1] The band contributed the track "Bring It On" to the Madden 2006 football game in 2005; this track is not featured on any known album or compilation. The band released its fourth studio album,IV, in 2006.IV was the band's second release to debut at number one, and has since been certified platinum. After touring in support ofIV for over a year, Godsmack released agreatest hits album calledGood Times, Bad Times... Ten Years of Godsmack. The album included every Godsmack single (with the exception of "Bad Magick"), a cover of theLed Zeppelin song "Good Times Bad Times" and aDVD of the band's acoustic performance at theHouse of Blues inLas Vegas,Nevada. (Full article...)
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The front entrance to Boston Latin School on Avenue Louis Pasteur
Boston Latin School is apublicexam school located inBoston, Massachusetts, that was founded in 1635. It is the first public school and the oldest existing school in the United States.
The school's first class included nine students; the school now has 2,400 pupils drawn from all parts of Boston. Its graduates have included fourHarvard presidents, eightMassachusetts state governors, and fivesigners of theUnited States Declaration of Independence, as well as several preeminent architects, a leading art historian, a notable naturalist and the conductors of theNew York Philharmonic andBoston Pops orchestras. There are also several notable non-graduate alumni, includingLouis Farrakhan, a leader of theNation of Islam. Boston Latin admitted only male students at its founding in 1635. The school's first female student was admitted in the nineteenth century. In 1972, Boston Latin admitted its first co-educational class. (Full article...)
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Map depicting lines of charters and grants for Massachusetts-related colonies and provinces The territory of theCommonwealth of Massachusetts, one of the fifty United States, was settled in the 17th century by several different English colonies. The territories claimed or administered by these colonies encompassed a much larger area than that of the modern state, and at times included areas that are now within the jurisdiction of otherNew England states or of the Canadian provinces ofNew Brunswick andNova Scotia. Some colonial land claims extended all the way to thePacific Ocean.
The first permanent settlement was thePlymouth Colony (1620), and the second major settlement was theMassachusetts Bay Colony atSalem in 1629. Settlements that failed or were merged into other colonies included the failedPopham Colony (1607) on the coast of Maine, and theWessagusset Colony (1622–23) inWeymouth, Massachusetts, whose remnants were folded into the Plymouth Colony. The Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies coexisted until 1686, each electing its own governor annually. The governance of both colonies was dominated by a relatively small group of magistrates, some of whom governed for many years. TheDominion of New England was established in 1686 and covered the territory of those colonies, as well as that ofNew Hampshire,Connecticut, andRhode Island. In 1688, it was further extended to includeNew York andEast andWest Jersey. The Dominion was extremely unpopular in the colonies, and it was disbanded when its royally appointed governor SirEdmund Androswas arrested and sent back to England in the wake of the 1688Glorious Revolution. (Full article...)
A dominant team in the early 20th century, the Red Sox (as the Boston Americans) won the firstWorld Series in1903 and had won a further four championships by1918. Their following 86-year championshipdrought is one of the longest in baseball history, often attributed to the "Curse of the Bambino" said to have been initiated against the Red Sox upon the1919 trade of star playerBabe Ruth to theNew York Yankees. The Red Sox' drought ended when the team won their sixth World Series championship in2004, and they have since gone on to win another three World Series titles (in2007,2013, and2018), to become the first and so far only team to win at least four World Series championships in the 21st century. The team's overall .518 regular seasonwinning percentage is the 5th-highest in MLB. (Full article...)
Image 7AnMBTA Red Line train departing Boston forCambridge. Over 1.3 million Bostonians utilize the city's buses and trains daily as of 2013. (fromBoston)
Image 24Fenway Park, home stadium of theBoston Red Sox. Opened in 1912, Fenway Park is theoldest professional baseball stadium still in use. (fromBoston)
Image 40Certificate of government of Massachusetts Bay acknowledging loan of £20 to state treasury by Seth Davenport. September 1777 (fromHistory of Massachusetts)
Image 50Major boundaries of Massachusetts Bay and neighboring colonial claims in the 17th century and 18th century; modern state boundaries are partially overlaid for context (fromHistory of Massachusetts)
This list was generated fromthese rules. Questions and feedbackare always welcome! The search is being run daily with the most recent ~14 days of results.Note: Some articles may not be relevant to this project.
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