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Germany (German:Deutschland), officially theFederal Republic of Germany (German:Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a country inCentral andWestern Europe, lying between theBaltic andNorth Sea to the north and theAlps to the south. It bordersDenmark to the north,Poland and theCzech Republic to the east,Austria andSwitzerland to the south,France to the southwest, andLuxembourg,Belgium and theNetherlands to the west.
Germany includes 16constituent states, covers an area of 357,596 square kilometres (138,069 sq mi) and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With nearly 83 million inhabitants, it is the second most populous state ofEurope afterRussia, the most populous state lying entirely in Europe, as well as the most populousmember state of theEuropean Union. Germany is a verydecentralized country.Its capital andmost populous city isBerlin, whileFrankfurt serves as its financial capital and has thecountry's busiest airport.
In 1871, Germany became a nation-state whenmost of the German states unified into thePrussian-dominatedGerman Empire. AfterWorld War I and theRevolution of 1918–19, the empire was replaced by the parliamentaryWeimar Republic. TheNazi seizure of power in 1933 led toWorld War II, andthe Holocaust. After theend of World War II in Europe and a period ofAllied occupation, two new German states were founded:West Germany, formed from the American, British, and French occupation zones, andEast Germany, formed from the western part of theSoviet occupation zone, reduced by the newly establishedOder-Neisse line. Following theRevolutions of 1989 that ended communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe, the countrywas reunified on3 October 1990.
Germany is afederalparliamentaryrepublic led bya chancellor. It is agreat power witha strong economy. As a global leader in several industrial,scientific and technological sectors, it is a majortrading nation. The Federal Republic of Germany was a founding member of theEuropean Economic Community in 1957 and theEuropean Union in 1993.Read more...
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Der 100. Psalm (The 100th Psalm),Op. 106, is a composition in four movements byMax Reger inD major for mixed choir and orchestra, alate Romantic setting ofPsalm 100. Reger began composing the work in 1908 for the 350th anniversary ofJena University. The occasion was celebrated that year with the premiere of Part I, conducted byFritz Stein on 31 July. Reger completed the composition in 1909. It was published that year and premiered simultaneously on 23 February 1910 inChemnitz, conducted by the composer, and inBreslau, conducted byGeorg Dohrn.
Reger structured the text in four movements, as achoral symphony. He scored it for afour-part choir with often divided voices, a largesymphony orchestra, andorgan. He requested additional brass players for the climax in the last movement when four trumpets and four trombones play the melody of Luther'schorale "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott". Reger used bothlate-Romantic features ofharmony anddynamics, andpolyphony in theBaroque tradition, culminating in the final movement, adouble fugue with the added instrumentalcantus firmus.
In 1922, the biographer Eugen Segnitz noted that this work, of intense expression, was unique in the sacred music of its period, with its convincing musical interpretation of the biblical text and manifold shades of emotion.Paul Hindemith wrote a trimmed adaption which probably helped to keep the work in the repertory, and François Callebout wrote an organ version, making the work accessible for smaller choirs. The organ version was first performed in 2003, inWiesbaden where the composer studied. The celebration of the Reger Year 2016, reflecting thecentenary of the composer's death, led to several performances ofDer 100. Psalm. (Full article...)
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Holy Roman Empire (900–1806)
East Germany (1949–1990)
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