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Portal:Free and open-source software

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Free and open-source software (FOSS) issoftware available under alicense that grants users the right to use, modify, and distribute the software – modified or not – to everyone. FOSS is an inclusiveumbrella term encompassingfree software andopen-source software. The rights guaranteed by FOSS originate from the "Four Essential Freedoms" ofThe Free Software Definition and the criteria ofThe Open Source Definition. All FOSS can have publicly availablesource code, but not allsource-available software is FOSS. FOSS is the opposite ofproprietary software, which is licensed restrictively or has undisclosed source code.

The historical precursor to FOSS was the hobbyist and academicpublic domain software ecosystem of the 1960s to 1980s. Free and open-source operating systems such asLinux distributions and descendants ofBSD are widely used, powering millions ofservers,desktops,smartphones, and other devices.Free-software licenses andopen-source licenses have been adopted bymany software packages. Reasons for using FOSS include decreased software costs, increasedsecurity againstmalware, stability,privacy, opportunities for educational usage, and giving users more control over their own hardware.

Thefree software movement and theopen-source software movement areonline social movements behind widespread production, adoption and promotion of FOSS, with the former preferring to use the equivalent termfree/libre and open-source software (FLOSS). FOSS is supported by a loosely associated movement of multiple organizations, foundations, communities and individuals who share basic philosophical perspectives and collaborate practically, but may diverge in detail questions. (More about free and open-source software...)

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Image 1

Newest logo of GNOME Web since version 40

GNOME Web, calledEpiphany until 2012 and still known by thatcode name, is afree and open-source web browser based on theGTK port ofApple'sWebKit rendering engine, calledWebKitGTK. It is developed bythe GNOME project forUnix-like systems. It is the default and official web browser ofGNOME, and part of theGNOME Core Applications.

GNOME Web is the default web browser onelementary OS,Bodhi Linux version 5 andPureOS GNOME Edition. (Full article...)
Image 2
DragonFly BSD is afree and open-source Unix-like operating system forked fromFreeBSD 4.8.Matthew Dillon, anAmiga developer in the late 1980s and early 1990s and FreeBSD developer between 1994 and 2003, began working on DragonFly BSD in June 2003 and announced it on the FreeBSD mailing lists on 16 July 2003.

Dillon started DragonFly in the belief that the techniques adopted forthreading andsymmetric multiprocessing in FreeBSD 5 would lead to poor performance and maintenance problems. He sought to correct these anticipated problems within the FreeBSD project. Due to conflicts with other FreeBSD developers over the implementation of his ideas, his ability to directly change thecodebase was eventually revoked. Despite this, the DragonFly BSD and FreeBSD projects still work together, sharing bug fixes, driver updates, and other improvements. Dillon named the project after photographing a dragonfly in his yard, while he was still working on FreeBSD.

Intended as the logical continuation of the FreeBSD 4.x series, DragonFly has diverged significantly from FreeBSD, implementinglightweight kernel threads (LWKT), an in-kernelmessage passing system, and theHAMMER file system. Many design concepts were influenced byAmigaOS. (Full article...)
Image 3
Popular open source licenses include theApache License, theMIT License, theGNU General Public License (GPL), theBSD Licenses, theGNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) and theMozilla Public License (MPL).

Open-source licenses aresoftware licenses that allow content to be used, modified, and shared. They facilitatefree and open-source software (FOSS) development.Intellectual property (IP) laws restrict the modification and sharing of creative works. Free and open-source licenses use these existing legal structures for an inverse purpose. Theygrant the recipient the rights to use the software, examine thesource code, modify it, and distribute the modifications. These criteria are outlined in theOpen Source Definition.

After 1980, the United States began to treat software as a literary work covered by copyright law.Richard Stallman founded thefree software movement in response to the rise ofproprietary software. The term "open source" was used by theOpen Source Initiative (OSI), founded by free-software developersBruce Perens andEric S. Raymond. "Open source" emphasizes the strengths of theopen development model rather than software freedoms. While the goals behind the terms are different, open-source licenses andfree-software licenses describe the same type of licenses.

The two main categories of open-source licenses arepermissive andcopyleft. Both grant permission to change and distribute software. Typically, they requireattribution anddisclaim liability. Permissive licenses come from academia. Copyleft licenses come from the free software movement. Copyleft licenses requirederivative works to be distributed with the source code and under a similar license. Since the mid-2000s, courts in multiple countries have upheld the terms of both types of license. Software developers have filed cases as copyright infringement and as breaches of contract. (Full article...)
Image 4

rio, default user interface of Plan 9 from Bell Labs

Plan 9 from Bell Labs is anoperating system designed by the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) atBell Labs in the mid-1980s, built on theUNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has beenfree and open-source. The final official release was in early 2015.

Under Plan 9, UNIX'severything is a file metaphor is extended via a pervasive network-centric (distributed) filesystem, and thecursor-addressed,terminal-basedI/O at the heart ofUNIX is replaced by awindowing system andgraphical user interface without cursor addressing (althoughrc, the Plan 9shell, is text-based). Plan 9 also introducedcapability-based security and alog-structured file system calledFossil that providessnapshotting and versioned file histories.

The namePlan 9 from Bell Labs is a reference to theEd Wood 1957cult science fiction Z-moviePlan 9 from Outer Space. The system continues to be used and developed by operating system researchers and hobbyists. (Full article...)
Image 5

Screenshot of Debian 13 (Trixie) with theGNOME desktop environment version 48.3

Debian (/ˈdɛbiən/) is afree and open source Linux distribution, developed by the Debian Project, which was established byIan Murdock in August 1993. Debian is one of the oldest operating systems based on theLinux kernel, and is the basis ofmany other Linux distributions.

As of September 2025, Debian is the second-oldest Linux distribution still in active development: onlySlackware is older. The project is coordinated over theInternet by a team of volunteers guided by theDebian Project Leader and three foundation documents: theDebian Social Contract, the Debian Constitution, and theDebian Free Software Guidelines.

In general, Debian has been developed openly and distributed freely according to some of the principles of theGNU Project and Free Software. Because of this, theFree Software Foundation sponsored the project from November 1994 to November 1995. However, Debian is no longer endorsed by GNU and the FSF because of the distribution's long-term practice of hosting non-free software repositories and, since 2022, its inclusion of non-free firmware in its installation media by default. On June 16, 1997, the Debian Project foundedSoftware in the Public Interest, anonprofit organization, to continue financing its development. (Full article...)
Image 6
Rust is ageneral-purpose programming language. It is noted for its emphasis onperformance,type safety,concurrency, andmemory safety.

Rust supports multipleprogramming paradigms. It was influenced by ideas fromfunctional programming, includingimmutability,higher-order functions,algebraic data types, andpattern matching. It also supportsobject-oriented programming via structs,enums, traits, and methods. Rust is noted for enforcing memory safety (i.e., that allreferences point to valid memory) without a conventionalgarbage collector; instead, memory safety errors anddata races are prevented by the "borrow checker", which tracks theobject lifetime of referencesat compile time.

Software developer Graydon Hoare created Rust in 2006 while working atMozilla, which officially sponsored the project in 2009. The first stable release, Rust 1.0, was published in May 2015. Following a layoff of Mozilla employees in August 2020, four other companies joined Mozilla in sponsoring Rust through the creation of theRust Foundation in February 2021.

Rust has been adopted by many software projects, especiallyweb services andsystem software, and is the first language other thanC andassembly to be supported in the development of theLinux kernel. It has been studied academically and has a growing community of developers. (Full article...)
Image 7

Davis in 1985

Terrence Andrew Davis (December 15, 1969 – August 11, 2018) was an American electrical engineer, computer programmer, andoutsider artist best known for creating and designingTempleOS, apublic domain operating system. In 1996, Davis began experiencing regularmanic episodes, some of which led to hospitalization. Initially diagnosed withbipolar disorder, he was later declared to haveschizophrenia. Eight months before his death, he struggled with periods of homelessness. His fans brought him supplies, but Davis refused their offers of housing. In August 2018, he was struck by a train and died at the age of 48. The driver of the train stated he believed it was asuicide. (Full article...)
Image 8

Dolphin is afree and open-source video game console emulator of theGameCube andWii that runs onWindows,Linux,macOS,Android,Xbox One,Xbox Series X and Series S.

It had itsinaugural release in 2003 asfreeware for Windows. Dolphin was the first GameCube emulator that could successfully run commercial games. After troubled development in the first years, Dolphin becamefree and open-source software and subsequently gained support for Wii emulation. Soon after, the emulator was ported to Linux and macOS. As mobile hardware became more powerful over the years,running Dolphin on Android became a viable option.

Dolphin has been well received in the IT and video gaming media for its high compatibility, steady development progress, the number ofavailable features, and the ability to play games withgraphical improvements over the original platforms. (Full article...)
Image 9
Tux Racer is a 2000open-source winter sports racing video game starring theLinux mascot,Tux the penguin. It was originally developed by Jasmin Patry as a computer graphics project at theUniversity of Waterloo. Later on, Patry and the newly founded Sunspire Studios, composed of several former students of the university, expanded it. In the game, the player controls Tux as he slides down a course of snow and ice collectingherrings.

Tux Racer was officially downloaded over one million times as of 2001. It also was well received, often being acclaimed for the graphics, fast-paced gameplay, and replayability, and was a fan favorite among Linux users and the free software community. The game's popularity secured the development of a proprietized release that included enhanced graphics and multiplayer, and it also became the firstGPL-licensed game to receive anarcade adaptation. It is the only product that Sunspire Studios developed and released, after which the company liquidated. (Full article...)
Image 10

Leafpad is afree and open-source graphicaltext editor forLinux,Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), andMaemo that is similar to theMicrosoft Windows programNotepad. Created with the focus of being a lightweight text editor with minimaldependencies, it is designed to be simple-to-use and easy-to-compile.

Leafpad has a small install size compared to other graphical text editors and has minimal features such ascodeset options,undo/redo, and the ability to choose fonts. Leafpad is the default text editor for theLXDE lightweightdesktop environment, and thus Leafpad is found onLinux distributions that use LXDE as their desktop environment such asRaspberry Pi OS, as well as on some embedded systems. The program has beenforked intoMousepad and l3afpad, and parts of Leafpad's code have been used in other text editors. Leafpad is released under theGNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. (Full article...)
Image 11

Pocket Casts is apodcast streaming service originally launched in 2011 foriOS andAndroid. The app allows for searching, downloading and subscribing to podcasts and syncs across devices. Pocket Casts was developed by Russell Ivanovic and Philip Simpson under the Australian independent development team Shifty Jelly. In 2018, the app was acquired by a group of public radio organisations includingNational Public Radio before being sold toWordPress.com ownerAutomattic in 2021.

With initial development efforts focusing on Android, Pocket Casts for iOS and Android received its latest major release 7.0 in 2018 and was madefree and open source in 2022. It was also launched for the web,macOS, andWindows, and integrated to car head units, smart speakers, and smartwatch operating systems. Initially requiring a one-time fee, Pocket Casts switched to afreemium model in 2019, adding a subscription plan with more features. Commentators have directed praise to the array of features and the interface's simplicity. In 2020, a request by theCyberspace Administration of China led to the removal of Pocket Casts from Apple's App Store in China. (Full article...)
Image 12
The Ur-Quan Masters is a 2002 open-sourcefangame modification, based on theaction-adventure science fiction gameStar Control II. The original game was released for PCs in 1992 and ported to the3DO Interactive Multiplayer in 1994. It has been frequently mentioned among thebest games of all time, with additional praise for its writing, world design, character design, and music.

After theStar Control II copyrights reverted to creatorsPaul Reiche III andFred Ford, they licensed their content to their fan community under theGNU General Public License, to keep their series in the public eye. The open-source development team remade the 3DO version as a port to modern operating systems, and allowed fan-mademodifications to add improvements absent in the original release. Released under the titleThe Ur-Quan Masters (thesubtitle of the original game), the modified remake has since been downloaded nearly two million times, earning critical reception as one of the best free games available, with additional praise for a high-definition graphics fan modification. (Full article...)
Image 13

Brave is a free and open-sourceweb browser which was first released in 2016. It is developed by US-basedBrave Software, Inc. and based on theChromium web browser. The browser is marketed as a privacy-focused web browser and includes features such as built-inadvertisement blocking, protections againstbrowser fingerprinting and a private browsing mode that integrates theTor anonymity network. Brave also incorporates its ownadvertising through a rewards system based oncryptocurrency, which allows users to earn Basic Attention Tokens (BAT) by opting-in to view ads served through its ad network. While Brave has been praised for its privacy protections and features, it has faced criticism over early plans of replacing publisher's ads with its own and missteps surrounding its handling ofaffiliate links andprivacy vulnerabilities in its private browsing mode. (Full article...)
Image 14

DOSBox icon

DOSBox is afree and open-source MS-DOS emulator. It supports runningprograms – primarilyvideo games – that are otherwise inaccessible sincehardware for running a compatibledisk operating system (DOS) is obsolete and generally unavailable today. It was first released in 2002, when DOS technology was becoming obsolete. Its adoption for running DOS games is relatively widespread; partially driven by its use in commercial re-releases of games. (Full article...)

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Terminology

Alternative terms for free software, such asopen source,FOSS, and FLOSS, have been a recurring issue amongfree and open-source software users from the late 1990s onwards. These terms share almost identicallicence criteria anddevelopment practices.

In 1983Richard Stallman launched thefree software movement and founded theFree Software Foundation to promote the movement and to publish its owndefinition. Others have published alternative definitions offree software, notably theDebian Free Software Guidelines. In 1998,Bruce Perens andEric S. Raymond began a campaign to marketopen-source software and founded theOpen Source Initiative, which espoused different goals and a different philosophy from Stallman's. (Full article...)

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Popular pages

Period: 2025-09-01 to 2025-09-30

Total views: 8,747,698

Updated: 20:17, 6 October 2025 (UTC)

Rank	Page title	Views	Daily average	Assessment	Importance
1	Tim Berners-Lee	200,661	6,688	C	Mid
2	Nginx	184,571	6,152	B	Mid
3	Truth Social	171,494	5,716	B	Low
4	Android (operating system)	139,775	4,659	B	Top
5	Python (programming language)	133,691	4,456	B	High
6	Bitcoin	121,133	4,037	B	Low
7	Android version history	116,343	3,878	List	High
8	GitHub	110,545	3,684	B	High
9	Linux	97,049	3,234	B	Top
10	DeepSeek	96,573	3,219	B	High
11	R (programming language)	96,245	3,208	B	High
12	Terry A. Davis	90,724	3,024	GA	Low
13	Tor (network)	77,388	2,579	B	High
14	Bluesky	75,967	2,532	B	Mid
15	Firefox	73,574	2,452	B	Top
16	TempleOS	71,268	2,375	B	Mid
17	History of bitcoin	68,222	2,274	B	Low
18	Linus Torvalds	66,932	2,231	B	Top
19	Free content	59,301	1,976	C	High
20	Go (programming language)	58,805	1,960	B	Mid
21	List of Linux distributions	52,932	1,764	List	Mid
22	Rust (programming language)	49,744	1,658	GA	Unknown
23	Ubuntu	48,688	1,622	B	Top
24	Git	47,164	1,572	B	Mid
25	Bell Labs	45,725	1,524	B	High
26	Signal (software)	41,600	1,386	C	Top
27	Brave (web browser)	41,445	1,381	GA	Low
28	VLC media player	41,350	1,378	C	High
29	MIT License	38,045	1,268	C	Mid
30	Free and open-source software	38,012	1,267	C	Top
31	Blender (software)	37,754	1,258	C	High
32	Node.js	37,541	1,251	C	Mid
33	Debian	36,519	1,217	GA	High
34	Visual Studio Code	36,212	1,207	C	Mid
35	Linux kernel	35,873	1,195	B	Top
36	LaTeX	32,788	1,092	B	High
37	PostgreSQL	31,539	1,051	C	High
38	Copyright	31,507	1,050	C	Top
39	Ubuntu version history	30,949	1,031	List	Mid
40	PHP	30,667	1,022	C	High
41	Chromium (web browser)	30,111	1,003	B	High
42	GNU General Public License	29,758	991	B	Top
43	LibreOffice	29,646	988	C	Top
44	Proton Mail	29,160	972	C	Mid
45	Docker (software)	29,098	969	C	Mid
46	MySQL	28,124	937	C	High
47	Guido van Rossum	27,658	921	C	Mid
48	Arch Linux	27,193	906	B	Mid
49	Bash (Unix shell)	26,771	892	B	High
50	RISC-V	26,601	886	C	Mid
51	Richard Stallman	26,478	882	B	Top
52	Linux kernel version history	26,100	870	List	Mid
53	Fedora Linux	26,018	867	B	High
54	React (software)	25,525	850	B	Mid
55	Open-source software	24,640	821	C	Top
56	Mastodon (social network)	24,567	818	C	High
57	Elasticsearch	24,533	817	C	Low
58	Lua	23,341	778	C	Mid
59	Dogecoin	22,668	755	C	Low
60	.NET	22,499	749	C	Low
61	GrapheneOS	22,443	748	Start	High
62	Proprietary software	22,162	738	C	High
63	XRP Ledger	21,663	722	C	Mid
64	FreeBSD	21,610	720	B	High
65	Notepad++	21,527	717	Start	High
66	Npm	21,471	715	C	Low
67	UBlock Origin	21,025	700	C	High
68	GIMP	20,918	697	B	Top
69	X Window System	20,765	692	C	Mid
70	LineageOS	20,453	681	C	High
71	Hackathon	20,332	677	C	Mid
72	Open source	20,035	667	B	Top
73	OBS Studio	19,625	654	Start	Low
74	Red Hat	19,555	651	C	High
75	MongoDB	19,346	644	C	High
76	GNOME	19,271	642	B	High
77	GNU Compiler Collection	19,060	635	B	High
78	FFmpeg	18,879	629	C	Mid
79	Stockfish (chess)	18,380	612	B	Low
80	Donald Knuth	18,376	612	B	High
81	PyTorch	18,186	606	C	Low
82	Wayland (protocol)	18,157	605	C	High
83	GNU	18,087	602	C	Top
84	Inkscape	17,942	598	C	Mid
85	Darwin (operating system)	17,616	587	B	Mid
86	VirtualBox	17,432	581	C	Mid
87	LLVM	17,340	578	C	Mid
88	OpenStreetMap	17,284	576	B	Mid
89	Free software	17,272	575	C	Top
90	Brendan Eich	17,201	573	C	Low
91	Swift (programming language)	16,958	565	B	Low
92	Qt (software)	16,831	561	C	Mid
93	7-Zip	16,765	558	B	Low
94	MediaWiki	16,755	558	C	High
95	Vim (text editor)	16,490	549	B	High
96	Perl	16,322	544	C	High
97	Ruby (programming language)	16,185	539	B	High
98	Android 14	15,848	528	C	Unknown
99	AV1	15,772	525	B	Low
100	Berkeley Software Distribution	15,706	523	B	High
101	OpenGL	15,598	519	C	High
102	Android 13	15,350	511	C	Unknown
103	Apache Kafka	15,340	511	Start	Low
104	Proton VPN	15,229	507	Start	Low
105	Audacity (audio editor)	15,167	505	C	Mid
106	Copyleft	15,089	502	C	High
107	Gab (social network)	15,030	501	C	Mid
108	Systemd	14,893	496	C	High
109	Digital rights management	14,835	494	C	High
110	NixOS	14,694	489	C	Low
111	Mozilla	14,685	489	B	Top
112	Krita	14,626	487	C	High
113	Patent	14,564	485	B	Low
114	Ruby on Rails	14,509	483	C	Low
115	PuTTY	14,421	480	C	Mid
116	XZ Utils backdoor	14,413	480	B	High
117	Zig (programming language)	14,387	479	C	Low
118	Lichess	13,873	462	C	Mid
119	WebP	13,831	461	C	Low
120	Plan 9 from Bell Labs	13,752	458	GA	Low
121	KDE	13,747	458	B	High
122	Redis	13,679	455	C	Low
123	TensorFlow	13,536	451	C	High
124	Angular (web framework)	13,518	450	Start	Mid
125	Mullvad	13,280	442	Start	Low
126	History of Python	13,267	442	C	Mid
127	Server Message Block	13,068	435	C	Low
128	Windows Subsystem for Linux	12,996	433	C	High
129	Flutter (software)	12,994	433	C	Low
130	BSD licenses	12,837	427	C	Top
131	OpenVPN	12,788	426	C	Mid
132	SQLite	12,532	417	B	Mid
133	Raspberry Pi OS	12,532	417	C	High
134	Btrfs	12,404	413	C	Low
135	Android 12	12,396	413	C	Mid
136	Firefox version history	12,274	409	List	High
137	High Efficiency Image File Format	12,174	405	C	Unknown
138	Cinnamon (desktop environment)	12,148	404	Start	Low
139	TeX	12,056	401	B	Mid
140	WireGuard	12,024	400	C	Mid
141	Xfce	11,977	399	B	Mid
142	XGBoost	11,945	398	C	Unknown
143	Tails (operating system)	11,911	397	Start	High
144	Apache Spark	11,845	394	B	Low
145	Wine (software)	11,802	393	C	High
146	Project Jupyter	11,775	392	C	Mid
147	FLAC	11,663	388	C	Mid
148	Moodle	11,598	386	C	Low
149	QBittorrent	11,582	386	Start	Low
150	Wireshark	11,579	385	C	Mid
151	OpenOffice.org	11,561	385	B	Mid
152	Emacs	11,481	382	B	High
153	Bcachefs	11,324	377	C	Low
154	Signal Foundation	11,265	375	Start	Mid
155	OpenWrt	11,186	372	C	Low
156	Opus (audio format)	11,170	372	B	Mid
157	WebKit	11,126	370	B	Mid
158	Erlang (programming language)	11,104	370	B	Mid
159	Android 10	11,059	368	C	Mid
160	Zorin OS	11,011	367	Start	Low
161	Canonical (company)	10,782	359	Start	High
162	Apache HTTP Server	10,759	358	B	Mid
163	COSMIC (desktop environment)	10,681	356	C	Unknown
164	OpenBSD	10,673	355	B	High
165	List of free and open-source software packages	10,508	350	List	Mid
166	Mozilla Thunderbird	10,491	349	C	High
167	Android 11	10,327	344	C	Mid
168	KDE Plasma	10,281	342	C	Mid
169	List of open-source video games	10,154	338	List	Mid
170	Embrace, extend, and extinguish	10,142	338	C	Mid
171	SOAP	10,074	335	C	Low
172	WebOS	9,984	332	B	Low
173	Benevolent dictator for life	9,946	331	Start	Low
174	Android Lollipop	9,944	331	C	Low
175	Ladybird (web browser)	9,889	329	Start	Low
176	Apache Parquet	9,862	328	C	Low
177	Apache License	9,857	328	C	High
178	QEMU	9,813	327	C	Low
179	GRPC	9,809	326	Start	Low
180	Bypass Paywalls Clean	9,730	324	Stub	Unknown
181	Gentoo Linux	9,696	323	B	High
182	Android Oreo	9,680	322	C	Mid
183	APT (software)	9,569	318	C	High
184	OpenJDK	9,560	318	C	High
185	Django (web framework)	9,530	317	C	Mid
186	Gzip	9,491	316	Start	Low
187	ReactOS	9,391	313	B	Mid
188	Selenium (software)	9,385	312	B	Mid
189	Android Pie	9,359	311	C	Mid
190	List of custom Android distributions	9,304	310	List	Mid
191	CyanogenMod	9,261	308	C	Mid
192	Android Marshmallow	9,185	306	C	Low
193	Linux Foundation	9,140	304	B	Top
194	Tar (computing)	9,134	304	C	Mid
195	F-Droid	9,131	304	Start	Mid
196	Nextcloud	9,126	304	C	High
197	Apple Lossless Audio Codec	9,075	302	Start	Low
198	GNU Project	9,065	302	B	Top
199	Chmod	9,060	302	B	Mid
200	Kiwix	9,044	301	C	Low
201	Eclipse (software)	9,038	301	B	Mid
202	History of Linux	8,995	299	C	High
203	Ping (networking utility)	8,904	296	C	Mid
204	Lean (proof assistant)	8,855	295	C	Low
205	Adobe Flash Player	8,843	294	C	Low
206	OnlyOffice	8,836	294	Start	Low
207	OpenSSL	8,830	294	B	Mid
208	Ouya	8,807	293	C	Low
209	Youtube-dl	8,805	293	Start	High
210	Gecko (software)	8,797	293	C	High
211	Clang	8,770	292	C	Mid
212	Bcrypt	8,765	292	C	Mid
213	I2P	8,708	290	B	Low
214	Haiku (operating system)	8,686	289	C	Mid
215	Android Nougat	8,668	288	C	Mid
216	WebRTC	8,655	288	C	High
217	Man page	8,631	287	C	High
218	LibreWolf	8,620	287	Start	Unknown
219	Kodi (software)	8,593	286	C	Low
220	Manjaro	8,575	285	Start	Low
221	Low Orbit Ion Cannon	8,555	285	Start	Mid
222	MariaDB	8,544	284	C	Low
223	Tuta (email)	8,530	284	Start	Mid
224	Free Software Foundation	8,523	284	C	High
225	LAMP (software bundle)	8,488	282	C	High
226	Rocky Linux	8,381	279	C	Low
227	AutoHotkey	8,364	278	Start	Low
228	Litecoin	8,342	278	Start	Low
229	The Apache Software Foundation	8,249	274	Start	High
230	Bootstrap (front-end framework)	8,246	274	Start	Low
231	Comparison of Linux distributions	8,231	274	B	High
232	AWStats	8,228	274	Start	Low
233	IntelliJ IDEA	8,130	271	Start	Low
234	GNU Free Documentation License	8,103	270	C	High
235	OpenDocument	8,083	269	B	Mid
236	KeePass	8,083	269	C	Mid
237	Matrix (protocol)	8,080	269	B	High
238	List of copyright duration by country	8,074	269	List	Low
239	JPEG XL	8,008	266	B	Low
240	Kernel-based Virtual Machine	7,987	266	C	Mid
241	Pirate Party	7,981	266	Start	Unknown
242	React Native	7,943	264	C	Low
243	Ext4	7,894	263	C	High
244	Minix	7,890	263	C	Mid
245	AVIF	7,800	260	C	Low
246	InterPlanetary File System	7,706	256	C	Low
247	Blink (browser engine)	7,688	256	C	Mid
248	BusyBox	7,658	255	Start	Low
249	Tcl	7,656	255	C	Low
250	Vue.js	7,627	254	C	Mid
251	Electronic health record	7,605	253	C	Mid
252	Ubuntu Touch	7,565	252	C	Mid
253	GNU Affero General Public License	7,528	250	C	High
254	AlmaLinux	7,513	250	C	Low
255	GTK	7,440	248	C	High
256	MicroG	7,390	246	C	Mid
257	Vi (text editor)	7,382	246	C	Mid
258	D (programming language)	7,299	243	C	Low
259	Comparison of BitTorrent clients	7,258	241	List	Unknown
260	TrueNAS	7,256	241	C	Low
261	GNU Lesser General Public License	7,252	241	C	High
262	Tailscale	7,224	240	Start	Low
263	Electron (software framework)	7,188	239	C	Mid
264	Sudo	7,184	239	B	Mid
265	Artix Linux	7,118	237	Start	Low
266	Lynx (web browser)	7,097	236	Start	Low
267	Hacker culture	7,070	235	C	Low
268	Popcorn Time	7,058	235	C	Mid
269	Laravel	7,022	234	C	Low
270	Yuzu (emulator)	7,010	233	C	Low
271	Dolphin (emulator)	6,985	232	GA	Low
272	Spring Framework	6,940	231	C	Mid
273	Tachiyomi	6,906	230	Start	Unknown
274	Sailfish OS	6,880	229	C	Low
275	JQuery	6,860	228	C	Mid
276	GNU GRUB	6,838	227	C	High
277	Lawrence Lessig	6,818	227	B	Low
278	Android KitKat	6,777	225	B	Low
279	Grep	6,728	224	C	High
280	Zotero	6,719	223	C	Low
281	LibreOffice Writer	6,712	223	Start	High
282	GNU Hurd	6,671	222	C	Mid
283	Ghidra	6,670	222	Stub	Mid
284	Nmap	6,668	222	C	Mid
285	Privacy Badger	6,635	221	Start	Mid
286	Flask (web framework)	6,625	220	C	Mid
287	Zstd	6,568	218	C	Low
288	The Tor Project	6,535	217	C	Mid
289	WorldWideWeb	6,526	217	C	Low
290	PostmarketOS	6,515	217	Start	Low
291	Zen of Python	6,511	217	C	Low
292	Elementary OS	6,454	215	Start	Low
293	Eric S. Raymond	6,406	213	C	High
294	Qubes OS	6,393	213	C	Low
295	Apache OpenOffice	6,384	212	C	High
296	PeerTube	6,369	212	C	Mid
297	Android Jelly Bean	6,347	211	C	Mid
298	Flatpak	6,342	211	Start	Mid
299	ActivityPub	6,318	210	C	Mid
300	RPM Package Manager	6,316	210	C	High
301	Open-source hardware	6,311	210	B	High
302	Fork (software development)	6,302	210	Start	High
303	HandBrake	6,261	208	Start	Low
304	Leslie Lamport	6,229	207	C	Mid
305	Android Ice Cream Sandwich	6,176	205	C	Low
306	Ceph (software)	6,172	205	C	Low
307	Apache Cassandra	6,104	203	C	High
308	Df (Unix)	6,077	202	C	Low
309	Apache Tomcat	6,056	201	Start	Low
310	Netcat	6,055	201	Start	Low
311	Message Passing Interface	6,033	201	C	Low
312	GNU Core Utilities	6,024	200	Start	Low
313	OpenStack	6,005	200	B	Low
314	SUSE Linux Enterprise	5,990	199	C	Low
315	Xvid	5,957	198	C	Low
316	Psiphon	5,951	198	B	Low
317	Kubuntu	5,944	198	Start	Mid
318	V8 (JavaScript engine)	5,897	196	C	High
319	Hyphanet	5,896	196	B	Low
320	Computer Modern	5,847	194	C	Mid
321	Metasploit	5,842	194	C	Low
322	Rocq	5,818	193	C	Low
323	CMake	5,783	192	C	Mid
324	EBPF	5,768	192	C	Low
325	Bitcoin Cash	5,753	191	Start	Low
326	SPICE	5,750	191	C	Low
327	OpenHarmony	5,740	191	C	Low
328	Media Player Classic	5,700	190	C	High
329	Online piracy	5,694	189	Start	Low
330	Apache Subversion	5,687	189	B	Mid
331	Quake engine	5,645	188	Start	Low
332	NetBSD	5,615	187	C	High
333	MATE (desktop environment)	5,612	187	Start	Mid
334	SerenityOS	5,549	184	C	Low
335	MinGW	5,547	184	Start	Low
336	Shotcut	5,490	183	Start	Unknown
337	WebM	5,486	182	C	Mid
338	Adblock Plus	5,470	182	C	High
339	GitLab Inc.	5,452	181	C	Low
340	Snap (software)	5,444	181	C	Mid
341	Svelte	5,438	181	Start	Low
342	Vorbis	5,426	180	B	High
343	John the Ripper	5,414	180	Start	Low
344	Dev-C++	5,407	180	Start	Low
345	Budgie (desktop environment)	5,397	179	Start	Low
346	Slurm Workload Manager	5,389	179	C	Low
347	Puppy Linux	5,384	179	C	Low
348	Ogg	5,382	179	B	Mid
349	OpenTTD	5,376	179	C	Low
350	Xen	5,351	178	C	High
351	Illumos	5,348	178	Start	Low
352	XFS	5,345	178	C	Mid
353	Drupal	5,339	177	B	Low
354	List of POSIX commands	5,323	177	List	High
355	Mesa (computer graphics)	5,317	177	C	Mid
356	ChromiumOS	5,269	175	Start	Low
357	Pi-hole	5,266	175	C	Low
358	Firefox OS	5,262	175	C	High
359	Comparison of operating systems	5,256	175	List	Mid
360	Tux Paint	5,221	174	B	Mid
361	D-Bus	5,179	172	C	Low
362	Dd (Unix)	5,176	172	C	Mid
363	Ton Roosendaal	5,175	172	Start	Mid
364	XZ Utils	5,160	172	C	Mid
365	Calibre (software)	5,149	171	C	Low
366	Lubuntu	5,146	171	C	Low
367	Xorshift	5,143	171	C	Low
368	Private Internet Access	5,097	169	Start	Mid
369	Comparison of IRC clients	5,083	169	List	Low
370	Samba (software)	5,063	168	C	Low
371	MX Linux	5,030	167	Start	Mid
372	EndeavourOS	5,019	167	Start	Low
373	Llama.cpp	5,012	167	C	Low
374	GNU Privacy Guard	5,009	166	C	Mid
375	Ncurses	4,948	164	C	Low
376	KeePassXC	4,944	164	Start	Low
377	CPython	4,940	164	C	High
378	Atom (text editor)	4,936	164	C	Low
379	Lemmy (social network)	4,915	163	C	Low
380	Open-source license	4,911	163	GA	Top
381	X.Org Server	4,909	163	B	Mid
382	Comparison of free and open-source software licenses	4,899	163	List	High
383	GNU Debugger	4,898	163	C	Low
384	Outline VPN	4,891	163	Start	Low
385	Jitsi	4,873	162	C	Mid
386	SourceForge	4,866	162	C	High
387	Io uring	4,850	161	C	Low
388	Bourne shell	4,831	161	C	Mid
389	Delta (emulator)	4,791	159	Start	Unknown
390	GNU Guix	4,777	159	C	Low
391	Id Tech 3	4,764	158	C	Mid
392	Yukihiro Matsumoto	4,745	158	Start	Low
393	Simple DirectMedia Layer	4,744	158	C	Low
394	Glibc	4,710	157	C	High
395	MuseScore	4,710	157	C	Mid
396	MAME	4,702	156	C	High
397	KDE Plasma 6	4,701	156	Start	Unknown
398	Tesseract (software)	4,697	156	Start	Low
399	OpenMP	4,696	156	C	Low
400	Pale Moon	4,668	155	C	Low
401	List of Android app stores	4,654	155	List	Low
402	Roger Ver	4,629	154	C	Low
403	Doom modding	4,594	153	C	Low
404	AngularJS	4,590	153	C	Low
405	NetBeans	4,584	152	C	Mid
406	System76	4,578	152	Start	Mid
407	Citizenfour	4,570	152	C	Low
408	Android Gingerbread	4,555	151	Start	Low
409	Libreboot	4,548	151	Start	Low
410	LXQt	4,535	151	Start	Mid
411	Jinja (template engine)	4,534	151	C	Low
412	WinSCP	4,495	149	Start	Low
413	Zephyr (operating system)	4,474	149	C	Low
414	FreeRTOS	4,472	149	Start	Mid
415	List of commercial video games with available source code	4,463	148	C	Mid
416	Musl	4,418	147	Start	Low
417	OpenShot	4,404	146	Start	Low
418	Homebrew (package manager)	4,366	145	Start	Low
419	ClamAV	4,362	145	C	Mid
420	Ian Murdock	4,361	145	C	Mid
421	Fabrice Bellard	4,335	144	Stub	Low
422	Coreboot	4,331	144	C	Mid
423	Apache Groovy	4,327	144	C	Low
424	GNU Emacs	4,313	143	C	High
425	GNU Octave	4,297	143	C	Low
426	DOSBox	4,294	143	GA	Mid
427	Mono (software)	4,288	142	B	Mid
428	Source-available software	4,270	142	Start	Mid
429	Zabbix	4,192	139	Start	Low
430	Podman	4,172	139	Stub	Low
431	Direct Rendering Manager	4,166	138	C	Low
432	Secure copy protocol	4,164	138	Start	Mid
433	Konqueror	4,162	138	Start	Mid
434	SeaMonkey	4,141	138	B	Low
435	Netscape (web browser)	4,137	137	Start	Low
436	Nix (package manager)	4,121	137	C	Low
437	Adwaita (design language)	4,097	136	Start	Mid
438	Rockbox	4,095	136	C	Low
439	V (programming language)	4,084	136	C	Low
440	Kdenlive	4,053	135	Start	High
441	Code::Blocks	4,042	134	Start	Mid
442	Antitrust (film)	4,019	133	B	Low
443	JDownloader	4,018	133	Start	Unknown
444	KiCad	4,012	133	C	Low
445	Sumatra PDF	3,973	132	C	Low
446	LXC	3,953	131	C	Low
447	InfluxDB	3,944	131	Start	Low
448	FreeDOS	3,926	130	C	Mid
449	Sed	3,923	130	C	Low
450	Open standard	3,921	130	C	High
451	Cython	3,921	130	C	Low
452	OpenSSH	3,916	130	C	High
453	WTFPL	3,914	130	Start	Mid
454	VideoLAN	3,898	129	Start	Mid
455	Long-term support	3,888	129	Start	Mid
456	LibreOffice Calc	3,887	129	Start	High
457	OpenStep	3,884	129	Start	Low
458	LXDE	3,869	128	Start	Mid
459	Yocto Project	3,863	128	C	Low
460	OpenSearch (software)	3,859	128	Start	Low
461	Doom engine	3,825	127	C	Low
462	Naomi Wu	3,819	127	C	Low
463	Linux namespaces	3,774	125	C	Low
464	Inferno (operating system)	3,769	125	C	Low
465	Concurrent Versions System	3,761	125	C	Mid
466	Nintendo Switch emulation	3,754	125	Start	Low
467	I3 (window manager)	3,746	124	Start	Mid
468	Syncthing	3,723	124	Start	High
469	OpenSolaris	3,722	124	B	Low
470	Gratis versus libre	3,708	123	Start	Unknown
471	Icy Phoenix	3,702	123	Stub	Low
472	Shared Source Initiative	3,684	122	Start	Low
473	Ventoy	3,680	122	Start	Low
474	Ls	3,677	122	C	Mid
475	Raku (programming language)	3,666	122	B	Mid
476	Cygwin	3,651	121	Start	Low
477	Servo (software)	3,651	121	Start	Low
478	Comparison of BSD operating systems	3,640	121	C	Low
479	Lightning Memory-Mapped Database	3,633	121	B	Low
480	Collabora Online	3,621	120	Start	Low
481	Editor war	3,606	120	C	Mid
482	Xubuntu	3,593	119	C	Low
483	Yacc	3,565	118	C	Mid
484	Avidemux	3,540	118	C	Mid
485	Luanti	3,535	117	C	Low
486	Mpv (media player)	3,511	117	Start	Low
487	Garuda Linux	3,470	115	C	Unknown
488	GNOME Web	3,452	115	GA	Low
489	ExifTool	3,418	113	Start	Low
490	Cat (Unix)	3,409	113	Start	Mid
491	Supermium	3,397	113	Start	Unknown
492	Wget	3,389	112	C	Low
493	Shadowsocks	3,378	112	Start	Low
494	DragonFly BSD	3,368	112	GA	High
495	KDE Plasma 5	3,364	112	Start	Low
496	Boost (C++ libraries)	3,362	112	C	Low
497	Ryan Dahl	3,349	111	Start	Low
498	Freeciv	3,347	111	C	High
499	Mandriva Linux	3,344	111	C	Low
500	Deno (software)	3,336	111	C	Low

edit

Did you know?

... thatTerry Davis created TempleOS, a Bible-themed operating system that had more than 120,000 lines of code?(2025-03-20)
... that the browser extensionAdNauseam blocks and clicks on advertisements at the same time?(2025-01-06)
... that Riley Testut developedAltStore because he wanted to publish his emulatorDelta?(2024-06-01)
... that you can keep asnowflake in a browser tab?(2022-11-08)
... thatKotaku revised an article aboutNintendo Switch emulation after Nintendo complained that the previous version encouraged piracy?(2022-10-17)
... thatVegeta is used to attack HTTP-based applications?(2022-09-11)
... thatLeafpad is a text editor forLinux that is comparable toNotepad for Windows?(2022-08-30)

Transcluding 7 of 24total

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Topics

Free and open-source software

General

Types and standards	Comparison of licenses Contributor License Agreement Copyleft Debian Free Software Guidelines Definition of Free Cultural Works Free license The Free Software Definition The Open Source Definition Open-source license Permissive software license Public domain

Challenges

v t e Free and open-source typography
Software and libraries	FontForge Fontmatrix FreeType Ghostscript HarfBuzz Metafont MetaPost METATYPE1 Pango TeX Graphite (SIL) ICU
Licenses	Apache License BSD licenses Creative Commons licenses GNU General Public License +GPL font exception GNU Lesser General Public License LaTeX Project Public License MIT License SIL Open Font License Ubuntu Font Licence
Operating system, corporate and professional	Bitstream Charter Bitstream Vera DejaVu Breeze Sans Cantarell Charis SIL Computer Modern Concrete Roman Courier Prime Doulos SIL Droid Noto Open Sans Fira Sans Ghostscript fonts GNU FreeFont GNU Unifont Hershey fonts IBM Plex Liberation Croscore Literata Lohit Nimbus Mono Sans Roman OCR-A OCR-B Overpass PT Fonts Roboto Selawik Source Code Source Han Sans Source Han Serif Source Sans Source Serif STIX fonts Tiresias Ubuntu,Ubuntu Titling Utopia WenQuanYi Zilla Slab
Other typefaces	Antykwa Półtawskiego Allerta Asana-Math Cardo Chandas Comic Neue Cormorant EB Garamond Gentium Inconsolata IM Fell Jomolhari Junicode Kochi Lato Linux Libertine M+ News Cycle Open Baskerville OpenDyslexic Railway Sans Squarish Sans CT Theano Didot XITS
Groups and people	Donald Knuth Font Awesome Greek Font Society Font Library Google Fonts SIL International
Open-source Unicode typefaces List of open source typefaces List of free software Unicode typefaces