The operation was arranged betweenGenerale designato d'armata (actingGeneral)Mario Roatta, commander of theItalian Second Army, and Trifunović-Birčanin, with the approval of the overall Chetnik leaderDraža Mihailović. It was carried out in coordination with theGermans and included elements of theCroatian Home Guard and theNDH Air Force. Faced with heavy weaponry and seriously outnumbered, the Partisans retreated and withdrew from Prozor without significant fighting. Chetniks elements under the command ofDobroslav Jevđević andPetar Baćović then massacred between 543 and 2,500 Croats and Muslims and destroyed numerous villages in the area. Following protests from both the Italians and the Croatian authorities, the Chetnik elements weredischarged or relocated. Italian and NDH forces followed up Operation Alfa withOperation Beta, which was focused on capturingLivno and surrounding localities. Baćović was killed by NDH forces near the end of the war, while Jevđević escaped to Italy and avoided prosecution by the new Yugoslav government. Mihailović was captured by the communist authorities following the war, tried and found guilty for the Chetnik actions at Prozor (among other charges), and was sentenced to death and executed. (Full article...)
Image 11"Remnants of the Remnants" (Reliquiae Reliquiarum), shown on this map in yellow, represent the territory under the jurisdiction of Croatian-SlavonianSabor at the height of the Ottoman advance (fromHistory of Croatia)
Image 18Traditional Croatian musicians playing violins (fromCulture of Croatia)
Image 19TheBaška Tablet from the 11th century, written in the Croatian language and Glagolitic script. (fromCulture of Croatia)
Image 20BanJosip Jelačić at the opening of the first modernCroatian Parliament (Sabor), 5 June 1848. The Croatian tricolour flag can be seen in the background. (fromCroatia)
Image 26CardinalAloysius Stepinac with the Croatian communist leaderVladimir Bakarić at the celebration ofMay Day, shortly before Stepinac was arrested and convicted by the communists (fromCroatia)
Image 27Croatia became the 28th EU member country on 1 July 2013. (fromCroatia)
Image 29Croatian borders similar to those established with thePeace of Karlowitz in 1699. Although the peace treaty meant relief from Ottoman pressure, Croatia lost the compactness of its territory. (fromHistory of Croatia)
Image 30BanJosip Jelačić at the opening of the first Croatian civic Parliament (Sabor) whose deputies were elected on 5 June 1848. In earlier Sabors, members represented feudal estates rather than citizens. The Croatian tricolor flag can also be seen in the background. Dragutin Weingärtner, 1885. (fromHistory of Croatia)
Image 31Marko Marulić (18 August 1450 – 5 January 1524), Croatian poet, lawyer, judge, and Renaissance humanist who coined the term "psychology". He is thenational poet of Croatia. (fromCroatia)
Image 34The 1835 issue of the magazineDanicza, with lyrics of what would later become the Croatian national anthem "Lijepa naša domovino" ("Our Beautiful Homeland"). (fromHistory of Croatia)
Image 80The assassination of Croatian MPs in the National Assembly in Belgrade was one of the events which greatly damaged relations between Serbs and Croats in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. (fromHistory of Croatia)
Image 89A map of 10th-century Croatian counties (županije), as they were mentioned inDe Administrando Imperio. The counties marked in blue represent the territories governed by the Croatian Ban. (fromHistory of Croatia)
Born and raised in theAustrian Empire, Tesla first studied engineering and physics in the 1870s without receiving a degree. He then gained practical experience in the early 1880s working intelephony and atContinental Edison in the newelectric power industry. In 1884, he immigrated to the United States, where he became anaturalized citizen. He worked for a short time at theEdison Machine Works in New York City before he struck out on his own. With the help of partners to finance and market his ideas, Tesla set up laboratories and companies in New York to develop a range of electrical and mechanical devices. His ACinduction motor and relatedpolyphase AC patents, licensed byWestinghouse Electric in 1888, earned him a considerable amount of money and became the cornerstone of the polyphase system, which that company eventually marketed. (Full article...)
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