Popular Unity Candidacy Candidatura d'Unitat Popular | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | CUP |
| Secretary-General | Ramon Casadevall |
| Coordinator | Berta Ramis |
| Founded | 1991 |
| Headquarters | Carrer Casp 180;Barcelona |
| Newspaper | InfoCUP |
| Membership | 1,912[1] |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Left-wing tofar-left |
| Trade union affiliation | Coordinadora Obrera Sindical (COS) |
| Colors | Yellow Red Black White[9] |
| Slogan | Governem-nos |
| Congress of Deputies (Catalan seats) | 0 / 48 |
| Parliament of Catalonia | 4 / 135 |
| Mayors in Catalonia[10] | 19 / 947 |
| Local Government in Catalonia | 335 / 9,077 |
| Local Government in the Valencian Community | 2 / 5,716 |
| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| cup | |
ThePopular Unity Candidacy (Catalan:Candidatura d'Unitat Popular,CUP) is aleft-wing[11][12] tofar-left[13][14] pro-Catalan independence[2][15]political party active primarily inCatalonia, where it has political representation, but also in otherautonomous communities inSpain it considers to be part of theCatalan Countries. The CUP traditionally has focused onmunicipal politics, and is made up of a series of autonomous candidatures that run in local elections. Its presence is strongest within the borders ofCatalonia.
In 2012, the CUP decided for the first time to run forCatalan parliamentary elections, gaining three MPs out of 135. In the 2015 elections, they obtained 10 MPs.
The CUP is made up of autonomous local assemblies representing towns or neighborhoods. These assemblies may have some ideological differences, but their common ground is independence for theCatalan Countries and clear left-wing politics, often in the form ofanti-capitalism,socialism, andeco-socialism.[citation needed]
The different local candidatures are coordinated through theMunicipal Assembly of the Independentist Left (AMEI in Catalan) where the details regarding theirparty platform are discussed. On both the local and national level, decisions are made in assembly according to the principles ofdeliberative democracy.[citation needed]
The highly decentralised nature of this party stems from a belief inmunicipalism. The CUP consider municipal government "the only institutions within the reach of the general populace".[16] The importance given to municipal assemblies is also meant to avoid the hierarchical organisation of most traditional political parties.[citation needed]
| Party | Notes | |
|---|---|---|
| Forward–Socialist Organization of National Liberation (Endavant–OSAN) | ||
| Free People (PL–PPCC) | From November 2014. | |
| Internationalist Struggle (LI–CI) | Joined in January 2015.[17] | |
| Party | Notes | |
|---|---|---|
| The Greens–Green Alternative (EV–AV) | Joined in January 2015,[18] left in November 2017 to joinTogether for Catalonia.[19] | |
| In Struggle (EL) | Merged into the CUP in November 2016.[20] | |
| Red Current (CR) | Left in February 2016.[21] | |
| Movement for Defence of the Land (MDT) | Merged intoFree People in 2014. | |
The CUP website describes the entity as "an assembly-based political organisation spread throughout the Catalan Countries that works for a country that's independent, socialist, environmentally sustainable and free from the domination of the patriarchy".[22][independent source needed]
The party defends the unity of the Catalan-speaking areas, or Catalan Countries, which they believe should be allowed to constitute an independent republic, according to the principles ofself-determination. The CUP is also strongly in favor of theCatalan language, which should be the "preferential and common language" of the areas where it is traditionally spoken. Still, the 2012 CUPprogram refers to the advantages of multilingualism and encourages debate on the status that an independent Catalonia would grant toFrench andSpanish.[23][independent source needed]
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The CUP criticises the current political system in place in Spain and France, and defend an alternative brand ofparticipative democracy. It has proposed, for example, that the general public be allowed to vote on important issues inreferendums, and have suggested the creation ofrepresentative recall (Catalan:Iniciativa Popular Revocatòria), which would allow the general public to remove elected officials from office before their term expires.[23] As part of its belief inmunicipalism, it also has defended the creation of an Assembly of Councillors (Catalan:Assemblea de Regidors i Regidores Electes), made up of municipal councillors, as a national representative body.[23][independent source needed]
The party broadly refers to its economic model associalist. Its political programme calls for a "planned economy based on solidarity, aimed towards fulfilling the needs of the people", and defends thenationalisation of public utilities as well as transport and communication networks. It also calls for a nationalisation of all banks receiving governmentbailouts and considers the public debt "illegitimate".[23][independent source needed] It also calls for an end tonuclear energy, with the use ofsustainable energy in its stead. It also calls for a ban onGMOs and the creation of an "ecological economy".[23][independent source needed] The CUP believes in full civic rights for all inhabitants of the Catalan Countries, including migrants. It also calls for voting rights for everyone over 16 years of age as well as an end to discrimination against women andLGBT people.[23][independent source needed]
In an interview withJacobin magazine, Boaz Vilallonga described the ideology of the CUP as having a "libertarian socialist and evenanarcho-syndicalist character".[24]
The party observes a pay cap, limiting monthly wages for its elected officials to between €1,671 and €1,894 depending on family situation.[25]
Since 2003, the presence of the CUP in Catalan municipal politics has increased steadily.
In 2003, the CUP ran alone in 10 municipalities inCatalonia, winning four council seats in three towns. In 8 more municipalities, the CUP ran as part of local coalitions.
From2007–2011, the CUP held a total of 26 council seats in 17 different municipalities inCatalonia;[26] these were obtained either under the CUP name alone or in coalition with local political parties. In the 2007 municipal elections, the CUP obtained 18,000 votes, or about 0.65% of the votes cast.[27]
In the2011 municipal elections, the CUP ran in 80 of Catalonia's 947 municipalities,[28] winning about 62,000 votes (2.16% of those cast),[29] and coming in as the sixth largest party in terms of vote share.[30] As a result, the CUP won a total of 104 municipal council seats; four towns had CUPmayors. Also, it held 11 seats on differentcomarca councils.
In 2012, aftersnap elections were declared by Catalan presidentArtur Mas, different local branches of the CUP organised assemblies open to the general public in order to debate whether the CUP should run. On 13 October, the general assembly of the CUP met inMolins de Rei and decided, with 77% in favour, to run for the first time in the2012 Catalan regional election. For this purpose, the CUP decided use the nameCandidatura d'Unitat Popular – Alternativa d'Esquerres (Popular Unity Candidacy – Left-Wing Alternative) in order to include independent candidates who chose to run on CUP lists.[31] David Fernàndez, a journalist fromGràcia,[32] was chosen to head the list for Barcelona.
The CUP promised that, if elected, its candidates only would serve one term, earn no more than €1,600 a month, and base their decisions on the opinions expressed by local assemblies. it also promised not to request any loans from banks, so as to avoid being influenced by "financial groups and economic élites".[16]
The CUP was able to win representation in the Catalan Parliament with three seats, and 126,219 votes. The three CUP seats went to the party's spokesman David Fernàndez, Georgina Rieradevall (number two on the list later on replaced by Isabel Vallet), and Quim Arrufat (number three on the list).[33] These results are historic for the CUP, but its spokesman emphasises that it must keep on working and fighting in the streets for a better future.[34]
In the2015 municipal elections, the CUP presented candidatures in 163 different municipalities, more than double the number of candidatures presented in the previous elections. In Catalonia, the CUP obtained 221,746 votes in all (7.12% percent of those cast). This was more than three times what it had won in 2011, earning 372 council seats, an absolute majority on nine town councils, and a relative majority in four more.[35] CUP mayors were chosen in 14 municipalities, whereas previously the CUP only held three mayorships. For the first time, the CUP won the government of the capital of acomarca,Berga.[36]
Coalitions including the CUP won important victories in other municipalities; inBadalona, Catalonia's third most populous city, a coalition including the CUP came in second and won the mayorship with the help of other left-wing parties.[37] The CUP managed to win representation in most major cities in Catalonia, including Barcelona,Girona,Lleida,Tarragona,L'Hospitalet andTerrassa.[38] In theValencian Community, the CUP ran in four municipalities, and won seats on the municipal councils of two,Pedreguer andBurjassot.[39]
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In the2015 Catalan regional election, the CUP formed a platform calledPopular Unity Candidacy–Constituent Call (Catalan:Candidatura d'Unitat Popular–Crida Constituent). The coalition was led into the 2015 election byAntonio Baños, journalist and writer, andAnna Gabriel, community worker and professor. Its 2015 candidacy also includedJulià de Jòdar, historian and writer;Manuel Delgado, art historian and anthropologist;Sergi López, actor andOleguer Presas, economist and former footballer.
Ahead of the election, the candidacy was supported by theEndavant,Poble Lliure, Internationalist Struggle,In Struggle andCorrent Roig parties and theCol·lectiu Drassanes,Constituents per la Ruptura,Arran,Sindicat d'Estudiants dels Països Catalans andCoordinadora Obrera Sindical organizations,[40] as well as local partiesAlternativa d'Esquerres de Cornellà,Alternativa d'Esquerres del Prat,Compromís per Ripollet andAlternativa Ciutadana de Rubí.
The party won 336,375 votes, almost tripling its previous results, and was awarded 10 seats in the Catalan Parliament. That placed it in the position ofkingmaker, with enough seats to form a pro-independence alliance withTogether for Yes, which obtained 62 seats.[41] After three months of negotiations in which the CUP rejected the presidency of incumbentArtur Mas, the CUP and Together for Yes reached an agreement by whichCarles Puigdemont, mayor ofGirona, became president of Catalonia.[42] Nevertheless, while eight CUP MPs voted in favor of Puigdemont's presidency, two abstained to "express their differences" with Together for Yes.[43] As part of this agreement, two CUP MPs are to work closely with Together for Yes in order to ensure a pro-independence majority in the Parliament of Catalonia.[44]
In the2017 Catalan regional election, the CUP suffered a setback, losing more than half of their votes and six of their previous ten seats. The pro-independence parties held a majority in parliament and the CUP wasn't needed for theTorra Government to win theinvestiture vote. The CUP representatives therefore abstained from voting.
The CUP announced that, for the first time, it would compete in theNovember 2019 Spanish general election. It chose to do so because of the "exceptional democratic circumstances, marked by repression and criminalization of independentism and the repeated violation of civil and social rights on the part of the Spanish state".[45] The party formed thePopular Unity Candidacy–For Rupture coalition together with Capgirem and incorporatingPirates of Catalonia into its lists.[46][47]
In the elections to the Catalan parliament in February 2021, the CUP stood in coalition withLet's Win Catalonia (Catalan:Guanyem Catalunya), a party formed by the former mayor ofBadalona,Dolors Sabater. She was the leading candidate for the coalition in the province of Barcelona.CUP-Guanyem Catalunya obtained 6.67% of the votes and, increasing its seats from 4 to 9, became the fifth largest force in the Catalan parliament.
| Data | Catalonia | Valencian Community | Balearic Islands | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |
| 1991 | 2,664 | 0.10 | 2 / 8,328 | ||||||
| 1995 | 61 | 0.00 | 2 / 8,426 | ||||||
| 1999 | 64 | 0.00 | 1 / 8,500 | ||||||
| 2003 | 4,750 | 0.12 | 4 / 8,690 | ||||||
| 2007 | 16,191 | 0.56 | 20 / 8,932 | 98 | 0.00 | 0 / 5,622 | |||
| 2011 | 65,656 | 2.29 | 110 / 9,132 | 203 | 0.01 | 0 / 5,784 | |||
| 2015 | 237,643 | 7.63 | 302 / 9,077 | 1,839 | 0.07 | 3 / 5,742 | |||
| 2019 | 177,330 | 5.07 | 335 / 9,069 | 489 | 0.02 | 2 / 5,716 | |||
| 2023 | 133,043 | 4.43 | 313 / 9,139 | 499 | 0.02 | 0 / 5,760 | 901 | 0.00 | 0 / 938 |
| Parliament of Catalonia | ||||||||
| Election | Votes | % | # | Seats | +/– | Leading candidate | Status in legislature | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 126,435 | 3.48% | 7th | 3 / 135 |  3 | David Fernàndez | Opposition | |
| 2015 | 337,794 | 8.21% | 6th | 10 / 135 | 7 | Antonio Baños | Confidence and supply | |
| 2017 | 195,246 | 4.46% | 6th | 4 / 135 |  6 | Carles Riera | Opposition | |
| 2021 | 189,814 | 6.67% | 6th | 9 / 135 | 5 | Dolors Sabater | Confidence and supply | |
| 2024 | 127,850 | 4.10% | 7th | 4 / 135 | 5 | Laia Estrada | Opposition | |
| Cortes Generales | |||||||||
| Election | Congress | Senate | Leading candidate | Status in legislature | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | # | Seats | +/– | Seats | +/– | |||
| Nov. 2019 | 246,971 | 1.02% | 11th | 2 / 350 | 2 | 0 / 208 |  0 | Mireia Vehí | Opposition |
| 2023 | 98,794 | 0.40% | 12th | 0 / 350 |  2 | 0 / 208 | 0 | Albert Botran | Extra-parliamentary |
| Election | Catalonia | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Congress | Senate | ||||||
| Votes | % | # | Seats | +/– | Seats | +/– | |
| Nov 2019 | 246,971 | 6.37% | 6th | 2 / 48 | 2 | 0 / 16 | 0 |
| 2023 | 99,644 | 2.81% | 7th | 0 / 48 | 2 | 0 / 16 | 0 |
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)La responsabilitat dels càrrecs electes i de confiança de la Candidatura d'Unitat Popular s'entén com una responsabilitat pública de servei a la ciutadania justament retribuïda, sense cap finalitat de lucre més enllà de la retribució públicament acordada. En aquest sentit la retribució neta (en una escala depenent de la situació Familiar de les electes) serà de: 1.671,94 €, 1.794,40 € o 1.894,27 € tenint en compte aquestes circumstàncies personals regulades a la carta d'organització i condicions laborals de la CUP.[The responsibility of the elected and trusted positions of the Popular Unity Candidacy is understood as a public responsibility of service to the citizens fairly remunerated, without any purpose of profit beyond the publicly agreed remuneration. In this sense, the net remuneration (on a scale depending on the family situation of the elected) will be: €1,671.94, €1,794.40 or €1,894.27, taking into account these personal circumstances regulated in the letter of organization and labor conditions of the CUP.]
| Represented in the Parliament of Catalonia (135) |
|
|---|---|
| Represented in the Spanish Congress of Deputies (48 out of 350) | |
| Represented in the Spanish Senate (24 out of 266) | |
(*) With an asterisk, candidates who do not have their own parliamentary group. | |
| International | |
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| National | |
| Other | |
