Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Pontic languages

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Proposed language macrofamily
For the form of Greek, seePontic Greek. For one of the language families in Caucasus, seeNorthwest Caucasian languages. For other uses, seePontic.
Pontic
(controversial)
Geographic
distribution
Eurasia
Linguistic classificationProposed language family
Subdivisions
Language codes
GlottologNone

Pontic is a proposedlanguage family ormacrofamily, comprising theIndo-European andNorthwest Caucasian language families, withProto-Pontic being its reconstructedproto-language.

History of the proposal

[edit]

The internal reconstruction of the Indo-European proto-language done byÉmile Benveniste andWinfred P. Lehmann has setProto-Indo-European (PIE) typologically quite apart from its daughters. In 1960,Aert Kuipers noticed the parallels between a Northwest Caucasian language,Kabardian, and PIE. It wasPaul Friedrich in 1964, however, who first suggested that PIE might bephylogenetically related toProto-Caucasian.

In 1981,John Colarusso examined typological parallels involving consonantism, focusing on the so-calledlaryngeals of PIE and in 1989, he published his reconstruction of Proto-Northwest Caucasian (PNWC). Eight years later, the first results of his comparative work on PNWC and PIE were published in his articleProto-Pontic: Phyletic Links Between Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Northwest Caucasian, an event which may be considered the actual beginning of the hypothesis.

Evidence

[edit]

Examples of similarities that have been noted include:

  • Nasal negating particles in both families:
  • Acase variously named "accusative", "oblique" or "objective", marked with nasal suffixes:
    • PIE accusative*-m, reflected e.g. inLatinluna 'moon' (nom.) vslunam (acc.), or Ancient Greekἄνθρωπος (anthropos, nom.) vs.ἄνθρωπον (anthropon, acc.).
    • NWC: Ubykhkwæy 'well (water source)' (abs.) vskwæyn (obl.).

References

[edit]
Widespread
Europe
West Asia
Caucasus
South Asia
East Asia
Indian Ocean rim
North Asia
"Paleosiberian"
OtherNorth Asia
Proposed groupings
Arunachal
East and Southeast Asia
Substrata
  • Families initalics have no living members.
  • Families with more than 30 languages are inbold.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pontic_languages&oldid=1288767570"
Categories:
Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp