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Pluriformea

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Clade of unicellular organisms

Pluriformea

Corallochytrium

Syssomonas
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Amorphea
Clade:	Obazoa
Clade:	Opisthokonta
Clade:	Holozoa
Clade:	Pluriformea Hehenberger et al. 2017^[1]
Genera
Corallochytrium Syssomonas

Pluriformea is a sibling clade of theFilozoa, and consists ofSyssomonas multiformis and theCorallochytrea. Together with theIchthyosporea and theFilozoa, they form theHolozoa.

An up to date cladogram is^[2]^[3]^[1]^[4]

Pluriformea

	Syssomonas multiformis

	Corallochytrium

Tunicaraptor unikontum

Filozoa

Filasterea

Choanozoa

	Choanoflagellatea

	Animalia

The alternative hypothesis is theTeretosporea clade.

References

[edit]

^^a ^bHehenberger, Elisabeth; Tikhonenkov, Denis V.; Kolisko, Martin; Campo, Javier del; Esaulov, Anton S.; Mylnikov, Alexander P.; Keeling, Patrick J. (2017)."Novel Predators Reshape Holozoan Phylogeny and Reveal the Presence of a Two-Component Signaling System in the Ancestor of Animals".Current Biology.27 (13): 2043–2050.e6.doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.006.PMID 28648822.
^Parfrey, Laura Wegener; Lahr, Daniel J. G.; Knoll, Andrew H.;Katz, Laura A. (August 16, 2011)."Estimating the timing of early eukaryotic diversification with multigene molecular clocks".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.108 (33):13624–13629.doi:10.1073/pnas.1110633108.PMC 3158185.PMID 21810989.
^Torruella, Guifré; de Mendoza, Alex; Grau-Bové, Xavier; Antó, Meritxell; Chaplin, Mark A.; del Campo, Javier; Eme, Laura; Pérez-Cordón, Gregorio; Whipps, Christopher M. (21 September 2015)."Phylogenomics Reveals Convergent Evolution of Lifestyles in Close Relatives of Animals and Fungi".Current Biology.25 (18):2404–2410.doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.07.053.ISSN 0960-9822.PMID 26365255.
^Tikhonenkov, Denis V.; Mikhailov, Kirill V.; Hehenberger, Elisabeth; Karpov, Sergei A.; Prokina, Kristina I.; Esaulov, Anton S.; Belyakova, Olga I.; Mazei, Yuri A.; Mylnikov, Alexander P.; Aleoshin, Vladimir V.; Keeling, Patrick J. (2020-11-06)."New Lineage of Microbial Predators Adds Complexity to Reconstructing the Evolutionary Origin of Animals".Current Biology.30 (22): 4500–4509.e5.doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.061.ISSN 0960-9822.

Extantlife phyla/divisions by domain

Bacteria

Archaea	Methanobacteriota Microcaldota Nanobdellota Promethearchaeota Thermoproteota "Aenigmatarchaeota" "Altarchaeota" "Augarchaeota" "Geoarchaeota" "Hadarchaeota" "Hadesarchaeota" "Huberarchaeota" "Hydrothermarchaeota" "Iainarchaeota" "Micrarchaeota" "Nanohalarchaeota" "Nezhaarchaeota" "Parvarchaeota" "Poseidoniota" "Undinarchaeota"

Eukaryote

Protist	Amoebozoa Apicomplexa Bigyra Cercozoa Charophyta Chlorophyta Chromerida Ciliophora Cryptista Dinoflagellata Endomyxa Euglenozoa Glaucophyta Haptophyta Hemimastigophora Malawimonada Metamonada Nebulidia Nibbleridia Ochrophyta Heterolobosea Hyphochytriomycota Oomycota Perkinsozoa Picozoa Retaria Rhodophyta Telonemia
Fungi	Chytridiomycota Blastocladiomycota Neocallimastigomycota Glomeromycota Zygomycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota
Land plant	Bryophyta Marchantiophyta Anthocerotophyta Lycopodiophyta Pteridophyta Cycadophyta Ginkgophyta Pinophyta Gnetophyta
Animal	Porifera Ctenophora Placozoa Cnidaria Xenacoelomorpha Chordata Hemichordata Echinodermata Chaetognatha Kinorhyncha Loricifera Priapulida Nematoda Nematomorpha Onychophora Tardigrada Arthropoda Platyhelminthes Gastrotricha Orthonectida Dicyemida Rotifera Acanthocephala Gnathostomulida Micrognathozoa Cycliophora Nemertea Phoronida Bryozoa Entoprocta Brachiopoda Mollusca Annelida

Incertae sedis

Parakaryon

Relate:Extraterrestrial life

Eukaryote classification

(major groups

Amoebozoa	Discosea Tubulinea Variosea Archamoebea Cutosea Eumycetozoa(true slime molds)

Obazoa

Opisthokonta

Holomycota	Rotosphaerida Fungi¹

Holozoa

Filozoa

Filasterea
Choanozoa	Choanoflagellata Animalia(animals)¹

Diaphoretickes

Telonemia

Haptista

SAR

Rhizaria

Cercozoa
Endomyxa
Retaria
- Foraminifera
- Radiolaria*

Alveolata

Colponemida* Ciliophora(ciliates)
Myzozoa	Apicomplexa Chrompodellida Dinoflagellata Perkinsozoa

Stramenopiles

Platysulcus Kaonashia Commation
Bigyra*	Bicosoecida Placidozoa Sagenista
Gyrista	Developea Pirsoniales Hyphochytriomycetes Ochrophyta(brown algae, diatoms and relatives) Oomycetes(water molds) Actinophryida

CAM

Pancryptista

Microheliella
Cryptista	Palpitomonas Katablepharidida Cryptomonada

Archaeplastida
(plantssensu lato)

Viridiplantae
(green plants or
plantssensu stricto)

Prasinodermophyta
Chlorophyta

Streptophyta	Mesostigmatophyceae Chlorokybophyceae Spirotaenia Klebsormidiophyceae Charophyceae Coleochaetophyceae Zygnematophyceae Embryophyta(land plants or plantssensu strictissimo)¹

"Excavates"*

Discoba

Jakobea Tsukubamonas
Discicristata	Heterolobosea Euglenozoa

Metamonada*

Malawimonadida

Incertae sedis

Provora	Nebulidia Nibbleridia
Hemimastigophora	Spironematellidae Paramastigidae
Ancyromonadida	Ancyromonadidae Planomonadidae Divimonas
CRuMs	Diphylleida Mantamonadida Rigifilida Glissandrida
Genera of uncertain affiliation	Acinetactis Actinastrum Berkeleyaesol Kamera Magosphaera Meringosphaera Meteora Parakaryon (?) Quasibodo Tetrahelia
Acritarchs and other fossils	†Algospongia †Archaeochaeta †Cephalonyx †Changchengia †Cheleutochroa †Chitinozoa †Coryphidium †Cucumiforma †Dictyosphaera †Diskagma (?) †Eosolena †Francevillian biota (?) †Germinosphaera †Grandilingulata †Granomarginata †Grypania †Gunflint microbiota †Horodyskia †Introvertocystis †Korilophyton †Leiosphaeridia †Navifusa †Portalites †Protosterol biota †Pterospermopsimorpha †Qingshania †Quadrisporites †Schizofusa †Shuiyousphaeridium †Simia †Tappania †Tawuia (?) †Tetraporina †Thuchomyces (?) †Tuanshanzia †Valeria †Vernanimalcula

¹non-protist groups
*possiblyparaphyletic groups
bold denotes groups with over 1,000 species
Taxonomy of protists

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