| Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II | |
|---|---|
    .jpg)  From top, left to right: Elizabeth II on the balcony of Buckingham Palace; Jubilee beacon atMount Snowdon, Wales; flyover at renaming ceremony ofQueen Elizabeth II Island, Australia; thePlatinum Pudding; Families from the British Embassy Washington planting jubilee trees along Massachusetts Avenue;Prime MinisterJacinda Ardern speaking at a Service of Celebration inWellington, New Zealand | |
| Genre | Jubilee of the monarch of the United Kingdom and the otherCommonwealth realms andHead of the Commonwealth |
| Date | 6 February 2022 |
| Country | |
| Previous event | Sapphire Jubilee of Elizabeth II |
| Website | See list |
ThePlatinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II was the international celebration in 2022 marking the70th anniversary of the accession of QueenElizabeth II on 6 February 1952. It was the first time that anymonarch in British history celebrated a platinum jubilee, as in the histories of the otherCommonwealth realms.[n 1]
Initiatives to commemorate the jubilee were announced by the governments of many realms—including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and the United Kingdom—and territories, such as theCayman Islands andGibraltar, and celebrations were also held in otherCommonwealth member states, like the Gambia, Malaysia, Malta, Pakistan, and Samoa. Leaders from across the world, including from China, North Korea, France, Germany, Israel, and the United States, sent messages of congratulations to the Queen on reaching the milestone. In the United Kingdom, there was an extrabank holiday on 3 June and the usual spring bank holiday was moved from the end of May to 2 June to create the four-day Platinum Jubilee Central Weekend from Thursday, 2 June, to Sunday, 5 June.[1] Commemorative stamps and coins were issued by several Commonwealth nations andbeacons were lit in every Commonwealth capital for the first time. In many places, trees were planted in the Queen's honour.
TheQueen died in her Platinum Jubilee year, on 8 September 2022, at the age of 96. Her funeral took place atWestminster Abbey in London on 19 September 2022 and she was buried at theKing George VI Memorial Chapel inWindsor Castle later that day.
The Jubilee marked the 70th anniversary of the accession of Queen Elizabeth II on 6 February 1952.[2][3]
In her 2022Accession Day message, the Queen said that she hoped the platinum jubilee would bring together families and friends, neighbours, and communities. She said that the jubilee "affords me a time to reflect on the goodwill shown to me by people of all nationalities, faiths and ages in this country and around the world over these years". She thanked everyone for their support, loyalty and affection, and signed the message "Your Servant".[4][5] She said of her 70-year reign and the future:
As I look ahead with a sense of hope and optimism to the year of my platinum jubilee, I am reminded of how much we can be thankful for. These last seven decades have seen extraordinary progress socially, technologically and culturally that have benefitted us all; and I am confident that the future will offer similar opportunities to us and especially to the younger generations in the United Kingdom and throughout the Commonwealth.[4]
Pictures and footage of the Queen working from herred boxes atSandringham House were released.[6][7] The then-Prince of Wales said that the Queen's devotion to the welfare of all her people inspired still greater admiration with each passing year.[8]
Tributes and messages of congratulations came from foreign leaders, including United States presidentJoe Biden,[9] Chinese presidentXi Jinping,[10] German chancellorOlaf Scholz,[11] King of SwedenCarl XVI Gustaf,[12] Israeli presidentIsaac Herzog,[13] UAE president SheikhKhalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan,[14] King of ThailandVajiralongkorn,[15] King of MoroccoMohammed VI,[16] and Vietnamese presidentNguyễn Xuân Phúc.[17] A congratulatory message was also sent fromMargareta, Custodian of the Crown of Romania.[18]
The emblem for the platinum jubilee in the United Kingdom was announced in August 2021, following a competition which was judged by industry experts. The winning design was created by 19-year-old graphic design student Edward Roberts fromNottinghamshire.[19]
The regal purple used in the emblem has been closely matched to the purple in the Queen'sRobe of Estate, worn by her at theCoronation in 1953. A continuous platinum line in the shape ofSt Edward's Crown features the number "70" at the top of the Crown, signifying the Queen's 70-year reign and her platinum jubilee. Roberts included a circle to border the Crown, to create the impression of a royal seal. The emblem's typeface isPerpetua, which means "forever", and is similar to the font style that appeared on the Queen's Coronation Order of Service in 1953.[20][21]
The Canadian platinum jubilee emblem includes Elizabeth II'sroyal cypher above a numeral 70 in light-grey, the colour alluding to platinum. The cypher and numeral are surrounded by a seven-sided figure, adorned with seven maple leaves and pearls, representing each decade of the Queen's reign. Multiple elements also symbolise celebration, with the rounded edges being shaped like a flower petal and the maple leaves being positioned in a manner that resembles fireworks.[22][23]
The Australian Platinum Jubilee Emblem was unveiled by the Australian Government in March 2022. The emblem can be used for official and recognised events in Australia to celebrate the jubilee.[24][25] The design is a stylised representation of the Queen's Wattle Spray Brooch, which was gifted to the Queen during her first visit to Australia in 1954. The emblem contains three colours – platinum, gold and purple. The platinum colour represents the Queen's 70 years on the throne, and the purple colour symbolises royalty. The gold is drawn from thegolden wattle, Australia's nationalfloral emblem. The font used isPerpetua, which means 'forever', which acknowledges that the Queen was Australia's "first platinum" monarch.[24][25]
On Accession Day, the New Zealand platinum jubilee emblem was unveiled. The emblem, approved by the Queen, was prepared by Phillip O'Shea,New Zealand Herald of Arms.[26] Within a platinum five-sided frame is the Queen's royal cypher, with theMāori inscription "Te Hokotoru Mā Ngahuru", which means "three twenties plus ten", an allusion to the Queen's 70-year reign.[26] In the base, the years 1952 and 2022 are in gold and placed on the poutama (step) design in the traditional colours of red-ochre and white. The design represents "steps of service", namely, the seven decades of public service by the Queen.[26]
The celebration plans were announced byBuckingham Palace on 10 January 2022.[27]
For the first time,jubilee beacons were lit in every capital city of each Commonwealth country.[28]
TheRoyal Mint and theRoyal Canadian Mint partnered to create a two-coin set, with each mint designing a coin for the set.[29] The silver coin designed by the Royal Mint has an equestrian portrait of the Queen on the reverse and a royal mantle on the obverse. The silver coin designed by the Royal Canadian Mint has a reverse design that depicts the Queen in 1952, while the obverse has the effigy of the Queen used on Canadian coins since 2003.[30]
TheCommonwealth Day Service at Westminster Abbey on 14 March reflected the jubilee with a special focus on the role that service plays in the lives of people and communities across the Commonwealth.[31]
Members of the Royal Family undertook a series of royal tours of Commonwealth countries.[32] Thegovernors-general of Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Saint Lucia travelled to the United Kingdom in June to represent their respective countries at jubilee festivities.[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]
In the evening of 1 June, the official jubilee photograph of the Queen was released. The portrait, by Ranald Mackechnie, was taken in the Victoria Vestibule atWindsor Castle on 25 May. The photo shows the Queen in a blue dress, with thestatue of Charles II seen behind a window in the background.[43][44]
In a special message, the Queen said "many happy memories will be created" over the next four days. She thanked everyone involved in convening communities, families, neighbours and friends to mark the Jubilee.[45]
Following the platinum jubilee weekend, the Queen released a thank you message in which she said:[46]
When it comes to how to mark seventy years as your Queen, there is no guidebook to follow. It really is a first. But I have been humbled and deeply touched that so many people have taken to the streets to celebrate my platinum jubilee. While I may not have attended every event in person, my heart has been with you all; and I remain committed to serving you to the best of my ability, supported by my family.
The Queen's Baton for the2022 Commonwealth Games featured a platinum strand along its length.[47]
This is the first time that anyBritish monarch has celebrated a platinum jubilee.[48]
There was an extrabank holiday on 3 June and the usual Spring bank holiday was moved from the end of May to 2 June, to create the platinum jubilee bank holiday weekend from 2 to 5 June.[49] TheBritish government promised a "once-in-a-generation show" that would "mix the best of British ceremonial splendour and pageantry with cutting-edge artistic and technological displays".[50] TheMarch 2021 budget allocated £28 million to fund Jubilee celebrations, which did not include the cost of the extra bank holiday.[51][52] In an August 2021 impact assessment report, the British government estimated a £2.39 billion loss in GDP due to business closures during the extra bank holiday.[52]
The jubilee was expected to bring a £1.2 billion boost to the UK economy.[53] The Centre for Retail Research estimated that consumers in the United Kingdom would spend $356 million on Platinum Jubilee memorabilia.[54] In July 2022, it was reported that retail sales dipped by 0.1% in June despite jubilee celebrations, which was less than what was expected amid theeconomic crisis, but still showed a downward trajectory.[55] The food sector was the only sector that saw sales volumes spike by 3.1%.[55]
The Queen's Green Canopy campaign was launched in May 2021.[56] The campaign invites people from the United Kingdom to plant a tree to make the local environment greener, and serve as a "special gift" to the Queen.[57][58] By March 2022 more than one million trees had been planted.[59]
A 70 ft (21 m) sculpture called 'Tree of Trees' was erected outside Buckingham Palace for the June celebrations. The sculpture, which contains 350 native British trees in the form of one giant tree, reflects the more than one million trees planted during the Green Canopy initiative. The trees were gifted to selected community groups for planting after the celebrations.[60]
The Royal Mint released one of the largest evercommemorative collections,[61] including commemorative £5crowns and50p coins; the first time a royal event has been commemorated on a 50p coin.[62] The 50p coin is designed to feature the Queen'sroyal cypher within the 0 of the number 70 on the reverse.[63] The £5 crown features the quartered shield of theRoyal Arms on the reverse.[64] Both coins show the Queen on horseback on the obverse.[65]
The Royal Mint also produced a 220 mm (8.7 in) diameter 15 kg (33 lb) coin, which was commissioned by a private UK collector. It is the largest coin the Mint has ever produced. The £15,000 denomination coin was designed by coinage artist John Bergdahl and took nearly 400 hours to make. The obverse features a commemorative design depicting the Queen on horseback, while the reverse depicts the Queen's cypher surrounded by floral emblems of the four nations of the United Kingdom.[61][66]
The Mint also released a new series of three coins, titledThe Queen's Reign. The first coin focuses on the Queen's role as the 'fountain of honour'. The second coin highlights the Queen's role as patron of numerous charities. The third coin celebrates the Queen's role asHead of the Commonwealth, an organisation that she calls her "family of nations". Each coin in the collection features the Queen's signature in the centre; the first time that her signature has been featured on UK coinage.[67] The coins were designed by Irish artist and illustratorP. J. Lynch, who was "inspired by the Queen's hands and the work they represent".[68]
In February 2022, theRoyal Mail released eight new stamps. The new set of stamps features photographs of the Queen throughout her reign, which commemorate different aspects of her royal duties, from theTrooping the Colour to worldwide tours.[69]
ThePlatinum Pudding competition was launched on 10 January 2022 by The Big Jubilee Lunch andFortnum & Mason throughout the United Kingdom to find a pudding to celebrate the Jubilee. Five finalists were selected to prepare their creations for a judging panel, with the winning recipe being made available to the public at Big Jubilee Lunches during the Jubilee weekend.[70][71] The winning recipe, by Jemma Melvin fromSouthport, is a lemonSwiss roll and Amarettitrifle.[72] The winner was announced on 12 May in theBBC One documentaryThe Jubilee Pudding: 70 Years in the Baking, with theDuchess of Cornwall in attendance.[73]
On 4 February, pictures and footage taken two weeks earlier in Windsor Castle's Oak Room were released, featuring the Queen viewing memorabilia from this and prior jubilees. The display included agolden jubilee letter from a nine-year-old boy named Chris, titledA Recipe for a Perfect Queen, which includes ingredients of "jewels, posh gowns, loyalty, hard work, healthiness, and courage".[74][75] On 5 February, the Queen hosted a reception at Sandringham House for volunteer groups, pensioners and members of the localWomen's Institute group. At the reception, the Queen met Angela Wood, a former cookery student who helped create the original recipe forCoronation chicken in 1953.[76][77] The Queen's Accession Day message was released later that evening.
On Accession Day, Prime MinisterBoris Johnson, the Leader of the Opposition SirKeir Starmer, and the Archbishop of CanterburyJustin Welby were among notable figures releasing statements congratulating the Queen. Tributes were also paid by former British prime ministers.[8][78][79] Outdoor billboards across the United Kingdom, including Piccadilly Circus, were lit up.[80][81] Special services were held in cathedrals. InExeter Cathedral, the choir sang an anthem written for QueenElizabeth I by the 16th century English composerWilliam Byrd.[82]
Gun salutes were held on 7 February, the anniversary of the accession. A 41-gun salute was fired by theKing's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery in London'sGreen Park. At theTower of London, theHonourable Artillery Company fired 62 rounds.[83] A 21-gun salute was fired atEdinburgh Castle by105th Regiment Royal Artillery.[84] In Wales, a gun-salute was fired in the grounds ofCardiff Castle, organised by160th (Welsh) Brigade. In Northern Ireland, the Reservists of206 (Ulster) Battery Royal Artillery fired a 21-gun salute atHillsborough Castle.[85]
On 16 March, a concert titledThe Queen's Platinum Jubilee – 70 Years took place at theRoyal Albert Hall. The event featured music from the Queen's coronation and other key moments of her reign, performed by theRoyal Philharmonic Orchestra.[86][87]Prince andPrincess Michael of Kent were in attendance.[88]
The Lord Mayor's Platinum Jubilee Big Curry Lunch took place at theGuildhall, London, on 7 April.[89] PrincessesBeatrice andEugenie attended the event.[90]
On four evenings from 12 to 15 May, the 2022Royal Windsor Horse Show atWindsor Castle, titledA Gallop Through History, concluded with a 90-minute celebration in tribute to the Queen, featuring 500 horses and 1,000 dancers, with various members of the Royal Family, includingDuke andDuchess of Gloucester, the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar, and the Princess Royal in attendance.[91][92] Princess Beatrice and her husband,Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi, also attended the charity preview of the event.[92] The Queen attended on 15 May.[92] The Queen's youngest granddaughter,Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor, drove in the carriage that once belonged to her grandfather, theDuke of Edinburgh, and had been featured inhis funeral.[93] ActorsHelen Mirren andTom Cruise were involved, with Mirren playing Queen Elizabeth I.[94]
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On 13 May, a 550-mile (890 km) torch relay acrossSuffolk began. Starting inBrandon, The relay travelled 250 towns and villages, ending at theSuffolk Show inIpswich on 1 June.[95][96]
On 23 May, the Queen visited theChelsea Flower Show, which featured four commemorative installations. In The Queen's Platinum Jubilee Garden, laser-cut steel silhouettes of the Queen were featured, surrounded by 70 planted terracotta pots planted withLily of the valley, the Queen's favourite flower.[97][98][99] At the show, display of roses, featuring newcultivars created to mark the jubilee, won a gold medal. The exhibit, by Shropshire-based grower David Austin Roses, featured pink-apricot roses named Elizabeth.[100]
On 24 May, theSenedd passed a motion to congratulate the Queen.First MinisterMark Drakeford said the jubilee events in Wales would be "an indication of the deep respect in which the Queen is held, and an expression of the gratitude for her many years of selfless service". Conservative leaderAndrew RT Davies said she had held Wales "deeply in her heart" over her 70-year reign.Plaid Cymru leaderAdam Price praised the "empathy" the Queen had shown after the 1966Aberfan disaster.[101][102]
On 26 May, both Houses of Parliament debated aHumble Address to congratulate the Queen. Prime Minister Boris Johnson said the United Kingdom would "show with every bonfire, every concert and street party, and every aerobatic display a love and devotion to reciprocate the love, devotion and leadership she has shown to the whole country over seven decades".[103][104] He said:
She has seen an empire transformed into a happy Commonwealth that countries are now bidding to join. In the thousand-year history of this place, no monarch has seen such an increase in the longevity, prosperity or opportunity — or the freedom — of the British people. No monarch has seen such technical advances, in many of which British scientists have played a leading part, from the dawn of the internet to the use of the world's first approved covid vaccine. No monarch, by their efforts, dedication and achievement, better deserves the attribute of greatness. For me, she is already Elizabeth the Great.[105]
A new BBC documentary,Elizabeth: The Unseen Queen, aired on 29 May. The film includes unseen footage from the Queen's archive, and is narrated by the Queen herself.[106]
In late May, the Reading-basedRepublic group put on posters with the slogan "Make Elizabeth the Last" in different regions within the UK, using £43,000 garnered from crowdfunding.[107]
From 30 May to 3 June,HMYBritannia hosted 65 former crew members for Yotties Week. Celebrations included celebratory dishes and cocktails in the Royal Deck Tea Room, musical entertainment for visitors in the State Apartments on 2 June, and a city-wide Corgi Treasure Hunt.[108]
On 1 June, theFirst Minister of ScotlandNicola Sturgeon moved a motion in theScottish Parliament congratulating the Queen.[109] She said that theScottish Government would present the Queen with a limited editionJohnnie Walker whisky, with a special design to celebrate the beauty of Scotland's flora and fauna, and a throw made from the tartan commissioned in honour of the three bridges across theRiver Forth.[110][109]
Schools and nurseries across the UK organised events and parties.[111][112][113][114][115] St Paul's C.E Primary School inOldham organised a re-enactment of theQueen's coronation in 1953.[116]
The late Maybank holiday was moved to Thursday 2 June with an additional bank holiday on Friday 3 June, making a four-day weekend.[118][119][120]
Big screens were placed inThe Mall, London, Edinburgh'sPrinces Street Gardens and in Cardiff'sBute Park for members of the public to watch the events taking place across the bank holiday weekend.[121] Members of the Royal Family also carried out engagements across the UK during the bank holiday weekend.[122][123] The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall are expected to remain in England.[122]
More than 16,000 street parties were expected to be held over the weekend.[124]
In England and Wales, pubs, clubs and bars were allowed to stay open for extra two hours each day from Thursday to Saturday.[125] During the weekend,Sandringham House andBalmoral Castle were open to visitors,[27] and the Manchester Flower Show featured royal-themed displays.[126]
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The Queen's birthday parade, also known asTrooping the Colour, which usually takes place on the second Saturday of June, was held on Thursday, 2 June. Over 1,400 parading soldiers, 200 horses and 400 musicians came together in thetraditional parade.[28][127] The event closed with the Queen and Royal Family observing aflypast from the balcony of Buckingham Palace.[128] The balcony was "limited to Her Majesty and those members of the royal family who are currently undertaking official public duties on behalf of the Queen".[129] The flypast consisted of more than 70 aircraft of theRoyal Air Force,Fleet Air Arm andArmy Air Corps, including theBattle of Britain Memorial Flight, theRed Arrows and fifteenTyphoon fighters forming the number "70".[130]
A flotilla of 70 vessels, comprising sloops, trawlers, tugs, patrol boats and more, sailed fromHull Marina to theHumber Bridge. The event re-enacted the Humber flotilla of 60 boats in 2012 for the Queen'sdiamond jubilee, and the occasion in 1897 when watermen gathered their boats on the Humber in celebration of Queen Victoria's60 years on the throne.[131] In Herefordshire, a giant lion puppet was paraded during Leominster Festival.[132]
The tradition of lighting beacons wasrepeated across the Commonwealth. AtWindsor Castle, the Queen lit the principal beacon by touching a glittering globe. AtBuckingham Palace, the Duke of Cambridge represented the Queen as the "Tree of Trees" was lit. More than 3,500 beacons were lit around the world.[133][134]
On 3 June, aservice of thanksgiving for the Queen's reign was held atSt Paul's Cathedral.[28] TheArchbishop of YorkStephen Cottrell praised the Queen for being "still in the saddle" and thanked her "for staying the course".[135] After the service, members of the royal family attended a reception at London'sGuildhall, hosted by theLord Mayor.[136] The Queen did not attend these events, after having experienced "discomfort" at Trooping the Colour on 2 June.[137]
Princess Anne visitedEdinburgh Zoo, where she met Ukrainian orphans. She visitedHMSAlbion and inspected a guard of honour before boarding the ship, where she met members of the ship's company and representatives from charities across Scotland supported by the Queen and Anne as patrons.[138]
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TheCorby Pole Fair was held to coincide with the jubilee.[139] InNewmarket, a parade was held.[140] In central London, more than 100 corgis took part in a parade organised by the UK Corgi Club and Great Corgi Club of Britain.[141][142]
On 4 June, the Princess Royal attended theDerby atEpsom Downs. The Queen watched the Derby on television.[143]
TheRoyal Forth Yacht Club organised a Parade of Sail with about 20 boats sailing betweenNewhaven andGranton Harbour in Edinburgh. AtKelso, Scottish Borders, the celebrations involved a parade and re-enactment of the coronation.[144]
The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar visited Northern Ireland. At Royal Avenue inBelfast, they attended a 1950s-themed celebration. The couple met groups of performers, and learnt about the city's diverse communities, which were explored through fashion, photography, music and dance. The Earl also met older members of the local community, brought together by Age-friendly Belfast, while the Countess joined in with craft activities, making crowns and toy corgis with school children. InBangor, the Countess danced in the new Platinum Ballroom while the Earl pulled a pint in a 1950s-themed bar.[145]
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In the evening, a concert, 'Platinum Party at the Palace', took place at Buckingham Palace.[28][127] TheBBC produced and broadcast it, and distributed it via theEuropean Broadcasting Union'sEurovision network, like theDiamond Jubilee Concert. The public were invited to apply to attend the event.[27] The event opened with a short two-minute film, produced by Buckingham Palace,BBC Studios, andHeyday Films/StudioCanal UK. The short film featured the Queen having tea withPaddington Bear, based on the2014 film, and voiced byBen Whishaw. It is one of the few times that the Queen has appeared in an acting role.[146]
Cardiff Castle hosted a concert featuring Welsh performers includingAled Jones,Bonnie Tyler, the Pendyrus Male Voice Choir, and "drumming weatherman"Owain Wyn Evans. The concert concluded with a specially produced "Singing in the Reign" programme celebrating Welsh hits from the past 70 years.[147] The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, along withPrince George andPrincess Charlotte of Cambridge, attended concert rehearsals earlier in the day.[148]
Avegan festival took place atBath Pavilion.[149]
People were encouraged to have a Big Jubilee Lunch on 5 June, the last day of the extended bank holiday, to enable communities to celebrate their connections and get to know each other better.[28] More than 85,000 people signed up to host Big Lunches and 16,000street parties were held across the United Kingdom.[150][151] A platinum jubilee picnic in Windsor was expected to become the longest ever held, breaking a record set inMemphis, Tennessee, in 2019. The organiser said the party would involve a 500-metre-long (550 yd) table – 100 yards (91 m) longer than the previous record, set at theMemphis in May International Festival.[152] The UK's longest ever street party was held inMorecambe, where 500 tables were set up over the length of 1.6 miles (2.6 km).[153] The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall attended a lunch atThe Oval cricket ground in south London, where a 12-metre-long (39 ft) cake prepared by theNational Bakery School was served.[154][155] The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge joined a lunch inLadbroke Grove, and earlier the Duchess and her three children had baked cakes for a street party in Cardiff.[156][157] The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar joined a lunch near Windsor Castle.[154] Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie attended a lunch organised byWestminster City Council for local volunteer and community groups who responded to the crisis caused by theCOVID-19 pandemic.[150]
A pageant featuring approximately 5,000 people from across the UK and the Commonwealth took place, with circus, carniva, costumed performers and 11 James Bond vehicles parading alongThe Mall through an array of over 200 silk flags, decorated with images drawn by children, as a 'River of Hope'.[28][27] Actors, singers, presenters and sports stars rode on open-top buses.[158] The Queen and her heirs appeared on the balcony of the Buckingham Palace for the finale of the pageant, and she later thanked everyone for their "good wishes" in a statement.[159] The 2022 Thank You Day was also held, so people could thank the Queen, and their communities.[160] 4.7 million people took part in organising jubilee events, while about 8.7 million attended a Thank You Day event and 3.3 million helped to organise one.[161]
A platinum jubilee Corgi Derby took place atMusselburgh Racecourse in Scotland with a number of the Queen's favourite dogs take part in a novelty race in front of the crowd.[162]
There were special displays and exhibitions at the official royal residences, includingBuckingham Palace,Windsor Castle, and thePalace of Holyroodhouse.[163] The Queen's portraits, jewellery and tiaras, and carriages were on display at Buckingham Palace from 22 July to 8 September.[164] At Windsor Castle, the Queen's coronation robe was shown to visitors from 7 July to 8 September.[165] The Palace of Holyroodhouse displayed the outfits worn by the Queen for her silver, golden, and diamond jubilees from 3 July to 8 September.[166]
Balmoral Castle hosted the exhibitionLife at Balmoral, which opened on 1 April and ran until 2 August. Set in the ballroom of Balmoral Castle, the exhibition had a collection of the Queen's clothing, including kilts, coats, hats and dresses.[167][168]
AtSt Paul's Cathedral, there was a special exhibition from 25 May 2022 to 7 January 2023, titledJubilee: St. Paul's, The Monarch and the Changing World, which explored the jubilees of four British monarchs:George III,Victoria,George V and Elizabeth II.[169]
Between 28 May and 15 June,Sotheby's hosted the exhibitionPower & Image: Royal & Aristocratic Tiaras that featured royal portraits, rare manuscripts, and tiaras,[170][171] including Queen Victoria's emerald and diamond tiara, which was given to her byPrince Albert, and the Spencer tiara, a family heirloom which was frequently worn byDiana, Princess of Wales.[172]
An exhibition was held at theRoyal Mint Experience during the Bank Holiday weekend, which explored the Queen's reign through coins.[173]
At theImperial War Museum, London, the Queen's relationship with the Armed Forces was celebrated in an exhibition of photographs.[174]
TheRoyal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead encouraged people to send photos of street parties or memorabilia of the Queen's past jubilees as part of an exhibition, titled 70 Years 70 Photos. They were displayed in libraries, ahead of the jubilee weekend.[175]
Historic Royal Palaces planned for aCommonwealth-themed garden in the historic moat of theTower of London.[177] The display, titledSuperbloom, was held from 1 June to 18 September. More than 20 million seeds were sown in spring 2022.[178] The Commonwealth of Nations Globe, a platinum, diamond, gold and silver blue globe set within a silver crown on a blue and gold cushion, was unveiled at the Tower of London. The piece was sent to the site accompanied by a 70-piece military band and was featured during the beacon-lighting ceremony in June.[179]
TitledArt Save The Queen, portraits of the Queen by artists ranging from graffitist musicianGoldie to ballpoint specialistJames Mylne were exhibited at GALLERY@OXO on London'sSouth Bank, from 2 to 12 June.[180]
Westminster Abbey roof were opened to public for the first time. Tours ran from June to August.[181]
Madame Tussauds, London, displayed seven replica ensembles of Queen's outfits, which have been worn by some of the 24 lifelike wax figures of the Queen made by Tussauds during her reign, for the platinum jubilee.[182] Waxwork figures of main royal family members also received a black tie makeover for the Jubilee.[183]
A portrait of the Queen by the humanoid robotAi-Da, titledAlgorithm Queen, was displayed in London on 27 May.[184]
From 1 to 29 June, fifty life-sized corgi sculptures were displayed in the windows and foyers of shops and businesses inAltrincham. CalledTrooping the Corgis, the project featured mannequins hand-decorated by artists and children.[185]
To mark the jubilee, theRoyal Academy of Arts presented the Queen with the Platinum Jubilee Gift, a collection of works of art on paper by 20 recently elected academicians. They were displayed at theQueen's Gallery, Buckingham Palace, between 12 January and 26 February 2023.[186]
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Aplatinum jubilee medal was awarded to people who work in public service, including members of the Armed Forces, emergency services, and the prison services.[50]
As part of thePlatinum Jubilee Civic Honours, the Queen gave several settlementscity status. 39 places applied in the competition.[187] In May, it was announced that the eight places that would be awarded city status were:Bangor in Northern Ireland;Colchester,Doncaster andMilton Keynes in England;Dunfermline in Scotland;Wrexham in Wales;Douglas in the Isle of Man; andStanley in the Falkland Islands. The city ofSouthampton won the lord mayor title.[188] Six historic sites visited by Queen were givenlisted status:All Saints' Church in Shard End, Birmingham; TheQueen's Theatre in Hornchurch, London; Art Deco Sun Pavilion and Colonnade in Harrogate, North Yorkshire;Hampshire Archives in Winchester; Imperial Hotel in Stroud, Gloucestershire; and commemorative motorway markers on theM62, running through Yorkshire and Lancashire.[189]
TheRoyal Collection Trust published a collection of 77 photographs under the titleThe Queen: 70 Glorious Years as an official souvenir publication.[190] It also produced bottles of wine, labelledEnglish Sparkling Wine: Platinum Jubilee Release and made usingChardonnay,Pinot noir, andPinot Meunier grapes grown in Kent and West Sussex.[191] In April,Heinz announced the production of limited-edition bottles of two of its favourite condiments,HP Sauce andSalad Cream, which were rebranded HM Sauce and Heinz Salad Queen respectively.[192] Jubilee-themed food items were also released by other brands, including the Coronation Chicken Tower Burger byKFC, Clarence The Corgi Cake byMorrisons, the Crown Crust Pizza byPizza Hut, Union Jack Mochi Donuts by Japan Centre, Coronation Tikka Sub bySubway, and three limited edition pizzas by Franco Manca.[193]
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Eight London buses on royal routes, passingKensington Palace and Westminster Abbey, have been given commemorative purple wraps. Celebratory messages were played on theJubilee line, the newElizabeth line and at stations that have a royal link in their name, likeQueen's Road.[194]Reading Buses also unveiled a special Jubilee bus, to be used in Reading, Windsor and London throughout the year.[195] TheSevern Valley Railway repainted the steam engine34027Taw Valley in purple, and temporarily renamed it "Elizabeth II". The new name was chosen by public vote. The engine returned to its traditional green after a few months.[196][197]
Primary school children in England and Northern Ireland received a free book, titledQueen Elizabeth: A Platinum Jubilee Celebration (with schools in the devolved countries of Wales and Scotland having to 'opt-in' to the programme).[198][199]DK Books UK was commissioned by the British Government to publish the book, which was designed to celebrate the people, places, achievements of the United Kingdom and Commonwealth over the last 70 years. The book also explores the role of the Queen and what the Platinum Jubilee represents.[200]
In Northern Ireland, a design competition was held for primary school children to create a "snapshot of Northern Ireland". The winning entry, designed by Emily McMullan fromDundonald Primary School, was manufactured into a rug by Northern Ireland company Ulster Carpets, and later sent to the Queen.[201][202] In addition, the Queen and other members of the Royal Family received Northern Ireland Platinum Jubilee Hampers, showcasing more than fifty products from food and drink producers across Northern Ireland.[121][203]
Starting on 18 January,GB News, a TV news broadcaster, announced that it would be playing the national anthem at 5:59 every morning before programmes commenced.[204][205][206]
In March, the Duchess of Cornwall, also president of theRoyal Voluntary Service, launched the organisation's Platinum Champions Awards to honour 70 volunteers nominated by the public for their efforts in improving lives in their communities.[207] The Prince of Wales and the Duchess penned the foreword toThe Platinum Jubilee Cookbook, which was released in April.[208] They also appeared in a special episode of the British soap operaEastEnders.[209]The Prince's Foundation organised tea dances for people suffering from loneliness and isolation.[210]
In its April issue,BritishVogue featured the Queen on its cover for the first time.[211]Harper's Bazaar held a fashion shoot around the Tower of London, featuring designs byVictoria Beckham,Richard Quinn andSarah Burton that were inspired by the Queen.[212]Hello! commissioned a portrait byBen Mosley.[213] A portrait of the Queen was unveiled by Rob Munday. TitledPlatinum Queen: Felicity, it was taken by Munday in 2004 during a session to create the first officially commissioned 3D hologram of the Queen.[214]Tatler commissioned a new portrait of the Queen by Nigerian artistOluwole Omofemi, for a special edition ofTatler magazine. Omofemi painted the Queen with black hair, which according to him represents the "power of the woman". He said, "when I look at her, I see someone who has conquered life".[215][216]
Women's Institute members knitted toycorgis and hid them across the United Kingdom. One contained a pair of free tickets to the Big Jubilee Lunch in London during the Jubilee weekend.[217] TheElephant Family commissioned seven giant egg-shaped artefacts, each representing a decade of the Queen's reign. They were displayed across the Cadogan Estate in Chelsea as a part of the Eggs of an Era exhibition from 16 May to 12 June to raise awareness about poaching and collectability of wild birds' eggs.[218]
In March, a baby rhinoceros, born atCotswold Wildlife Park inBurford, Oxfordshire, was christened "Queenie".[219] In May, fiveHumboldt penguin chicks atLondon Zoo were named after famous people and events from the past 70 years. The names included Hillary, Apollo, Bobby, Bernie and Mac, after mountaineerSir Edmund Hillary, theApollo 11 Moon landing, footballerBobby Moore, computer scientist SirTim Berners-Lee, and sailor DameEllen MacArthur.[220]
TheBBC andThe Reading Agency announced in April theBig Jubilee Read, a list of 70 books byCommonwealth authors, ten from each decade of the Queen's reign.[221]Michael Morpurgo released a new bookThere Once Is A Queen.[222] For the Jubilee,Poet LaureateSimon Armitage wrote "Queenhood". It was published inThe Times on 3 June[223] and as a signed limited-edition pamphlet sold through commercial outlets (ISBN 9780571379606).
The Choir of the Earth invited people from around the world to learn and record a new arrangement of "God Save the Queen", which was presented to the Queen.[224]
Virgin Records announced plans to re-release theSex Pistols' 1977 single "God Save the Queen".[225]
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Across England, Jubilee-themed woolly postbox toppers appeared in towns and villages.[226]St Mary's Church, Stogumber in Somerset was covered in more than 2,000 textile flowers for the occasion. The flowers were knitted, crocheted and sewn by volunteers.[227]
In May, atEly Cathedral in Cambridgeshire, the Princess Royal officially unveiled a table made from a 5,000-year-old oak tree. The 13-metre (43 ft) table was created from a black oak, that was found buried and preserved in a farmland atMethwold Hythe, nearDownham Market, in 2012. Specialists spent 10 years crafting the piece.[228]
InWeymouth, David Hicks carved a tribute in sand at a visitor attraction. It depicted the Queen on a commemorative 50p coin, and took 10 days to complete.[229] In Barnsley town centre, a 20-tonne royal-themed sand sculpture was created.[230]
In May, theLondon Eye opened a Platinum Jubilee time capsule pod that ran until 4 September. Decorated with memorabilia, 1950s furnishings, as well as photographs of the Queen at every stage of her 70-year reign, it also served the Queen's favourite drinks.[231] Portraits of the Queen from throughout her reign were projected ontoStonehenge andMarble Arch.[232] The Jubilee was also marked at theLegoland Windsor Resort, where a pageant down The Mall in miniature and a picnic scene at Windsor Castle were created.[233]
The Herefordshire village ofWellington created 104 royal-themed scarecrows.[234] TheWorshipful Company of Goldsmiths and theRoyal Liverpool Philharmonic each commissioned brooches to be gifted to the Queen to mark the occasion.[235][236]
The Platinum Jubilee Village Hall Improvement Grant Fund was launched in May by the UK government, to provide grant funding over three years to support capital improvement projects for village halls, such as installing Wi-Fi, extending buildings and modernising facilities.[237]
South Gloucestershire Council has suggested that theSevern Bridge be renamed in honour of the platinum jubilee.[238] A newly constructed railway bridge near Stonehouse, Gloucestershire, was named Ocean Jubilee Bridge.[239]
A life-size bronze sculpture depicting the Queen in the uniform of theGrenadier Guards on her horseBurmese was unveiled at theRoyal Military Academy Sandhurst by the Earl of Wessex and Forfar on 27 May.[240][241] Astatue of the Queen was posthumously unveiled by KingCharles III atYork Minster on 9 November. The 2-metre (6.6 ft) statue weighs approximately two tonnes.[242]
In June,Cabinet ministers gave the Queen a music box that plays Handel'sHallelujah. The small, hand-painted box, finished with a platinum mount, features an illustration of No. 10 on the lid and miniature portraits of all fourteen of her prime ministers around the sides from Winston Churchill to Boris Johnson. The portraits are surrounded by the same shade of yellow found on the walls of the staircase at No. 10, which feature pictures of all the British prime ministers.[243]
In August, the Princess Royal attendedthe Solent Platinum Jubilee event, a showcase by the Solent's sailing and yachting community which featured over 400 boats.[244]
At the Princess Royal & Duke of Fife Memorial Park, inBraemar, a new archway was built to commemorate the Queen's Platinum Jubilee.[245] On 3 September, theDuke and Duchess of Rothesay unveiled the structure to celebrate the Braemar Royal Highland Gathering.[246]
The Queen also gave her blessing to female members of the royal family to take part inGood Housekeeping's Christmas 2022 and New Year 2023 issue to mark her Platinum Jubilee and the 100th anniversary of the magazine's publication in the UK.[247]
In December 2022, King Charles III unveiled the Platinum Jubilee gift, a pair of bronze sculpted lamps located between the Diamond Jubilee window inWestminster Hall and the Silver Jubilee fountain inNew Palace Yard.[248] The four nations of the United Kingdom are represented in the work in the form of heraldic beasts, including the Lion of England, the Unicorn of Scotland, the Dragon of Wales and the Irish Elk of Northern Ireland.[248] The lanterns themselves resembleSt Edward's Crown.[248]
A set of stamps was released byGuernsey Post on 4 February 2022. In each stamp, the Queen is wearing Queen Victoria's golden jubilee necklace, which is said to be one of her favourite pieces of jewellery.[249][250] Coins commemorating the Jubilee were also released.[251][252]
AtSausmarez Manor, on 22 February, more than 70 Girlguides and their families planted 70 trees.[253][254]
There was a four-day bank holiday in Guernsey from 2 to 5 June.[255][256]
Celebrations in Guernsey commenced atCastle Cornet on 2 June, with the grounds being open all day for people to enjoy for free.[257] At noon, a 21-gun salute was fired by the castle's cannons.[258] The Guernsey Yacht Club organised a Sail Past at Castle Cornet. In the evening, the lighting of a beacon at Castle Cornet took place.[258]
On 4 June, a community fete was held in the grounds of Government House, with family entertainment, children's activities, and music, including performances from Belles and Broomstick, Kirsty and George, The Wright Singers and GATE. In the evening, the Guernsey Concert Band performed music from Baroque to Big Band, including performance by singer Poppy Neame, the granddaughter of Lieutenant General SirPhilip Neame who served asLieutenant Governor of Guernsey from 1945 to 1952.[257]
On 5 June, Guernsey Arts held a Platinum Jubilee Celebration Seafront Sunday inSaint Peter Port.[257]
Each parish was invited to plant a display, to win a Platinum Jubilee Floral Guernsey Discretionary Award.[256] Schools planted "a tree for every class" and a commemorative 50p coin was presented to every full-time student.[259][255]
Events also took place in Alderney during the weekend. On 2 June, the day started with a party on the Butes and end with the lighting of a beacon. A Gala Dinner took place on the evening of 3 June at the Braye Beach Hotel. On 4 June, a Saturday fete was held at Frette Farm by The Blonde Hedgehog. On 5 June, there was a Churches Together Service at St Anne's Church, followed by a parade. All of the island's restaurants served Jubilee-themed Sunday lunches.[260][261] A competition to find the best decorated houses and gardens took place and sports clubs competed for Jubilee Trophies.[262]
The Committee for Education, Sport & Culture launched a competition for islanders to design a jubilee flag. More than 400 entries were sent.[263] The winning design, by Ben Le Marchant, is based on a 1953 Coronation postage stamp with a wave pattern based on the sea as a connection to Guernsey.[263] The colours red and yellow are taken from theGuernsey flag, and the purple and white represent the colours of the Platinum Jubilee emblem.[263] The Weighbridge Mast flew the flag over the summer.[255][256] A replica of the winning flag was sent to the Queen along with Guernsey's official Jubilee message.[259][263][264]
Six designs were also chosen as runners-up and featured on a set of Guernsey platinum jubilee postcards.[265]
Commemorative coins were issued in Jersey,[266] with a stamp issued on 1 June.[267] The stamp features a photograph taken by Dorothy Wilding in 1952, it is printed with several "special ink effects", including using an iridescent ink which gives the Queen's dress, crown and necklace a "subtle sparkle".[268]
On Accession Day, thebailiff of Jersey sent a congratulatory message to the Queen. Church across Jersey marked the occasion by ringing bells at noon for 15 minutes.[269][270]
On 1 June, a 21-gun salute was fired by theJersey Militia, and a reception held atGovernment House. On 2 June,the Queen's Platinum Jubilee Beacons were lit at Glacis Field, in front of a crowd of 5,000 people. On 3 June, the Jersey International Motoring Festival Pageant included a formal march by representatives from all uniformed organisations in Jersey. On 5 June, a service was held at the Town Church, led byMike Keirle,Dean of Jersey. High tea on the high street and a race at Les Landes race course also took place.[267][271]
Islanders were invited to enjoy a picnic atElizabeth Castle.[272]
TheIsle of Man Post Office released a new stamp collection on 6 February to mark the jubilee. Each of the eight commemorative stamps feature a picture of the Queen, who holds the titleLord of Mann, along with words from "God Save the Queen".[273][274]
At an event organised by theDouglas Borough Council, 70 trees were planted by schoolchildren next to a new cycleway at Spring Valley alongside the edge of Douglas Golf Course. Trees species found on the grounds of Buckingham Palace were chosen, and includesilver birch, flowered wild cherry,English oak, andsmall leaved lime trees.[275][276]
TheIsle of Man Government created a Platinum Jubilee Event Fund that provided up to £5,000 grant to help fund community-based projects and celebrations organised by the local authorities, non-profit making community/voluntary groups and local charities, in honour of the jubilee.[277]
In April 2022, a set of five commemorative 50p coins was released. The set outlines the Queen's role as Lord of Mann, and depicts royal beasts alongside words fromGod Save the Queen. The Treasury also released asovereign in gold and silver, marking the 70 years in Roman Numerals, and a crown coin.[278]
Douglas, the capital of the Isle of Man, was granted city status.Chief MinisterAlfred Cannan said it was "a huge honour for the island" that celebrates its "unique mix of culture, history and heritage".[279]
The Manx government gave the Queen a brooch in the shape of the Isle of Man, made there by Element Isle. The'Infinity Isle of Man' brooch design outlines the island with four gems (Blue Topaz, Citrine, Amethyst and Emerald) representing the towns ofRamsey,Peel,Castletown and the city of Douglas. The colours of the stones were selected to represent Manxtartan.[280]
There was a four-day bank holiday from 2 to 5 June.[281] On 2 June, beacons were lit atSt Ninian's Church; Raglan Pier,Port Erin; Ballavell Farm,Ballasalla;Douglas Head, and Slieau Lhost. On 3 June, a street party took place at the Family Library, and a celebration byArbory and Rushen Commissioners. A Service of Thanksgiving took place on 5 June, and Big Jubilee Lunches were held across the Island.[282]
On 25 June,Onchan District Commissioners organised the "Party in the Park". The Douglas Jubilee Carnival was held by the Douglas Borough Council on 23 July.[282]
In November 2021, thegovernor of Bermuda hosted a ceremony atGovernment House, Bermuda, with 70 trees planted.[283]
In May 2022, a giant photograph of the Queen was placed on the Seon Place Building inHamilton.[284]
On 2 June, the governor hosted the Queen's Birthday and platinum jubilee reception atGovernment House. On 3 June, the governor and the premier planted two trees to mark the Jubilee. On 4 June, the annual Queen's Birthday Parade took place along Front Street. The governor also presented representatives of the uniformed services with platinum jubilee medals. On 5 June, a service of thanksgiving was held at theCathedral of the Most Holy Trinity, Hamilton, and on 12 June,St. Peter's Church, St. George's, hosted a Service to mark the platinum jubilee and the tenth anniversary of the Intituling of St Peter's Church as "Their Majesties Chappell".[285]
A new 50p coin was released by theBritish Antarctic Territory to mark the jubilee. The coin features the Queen's royal cypher surrounded by a rose, representing England, a daffodil, representing Wales, a thistle, representing Scotland, and shamrocks, representing Northern Ireland. The design also incorporates the jubilee emblem.[286]
Postage stamps commemorating the jubilee were released on 24 March.[287]
Beacon lighting and community events were held in theBritish Virgin Islands on 2 June.[288]
Caymanian celebrations began with the opening of a commemorative exhibition by theCayman Islands National Museum on 5 February.[289][290]
On Accession Day, the governor and the premier of Cayman Islands released statements.[289][290] On the same day, a special sitting was held at theHouse of Parliament.[291] The governor read a special proclamation, and speeches were given by the speaker of the parliament, premier and the leader of the opposition.[289][290] A 70 seconds of moment of silence was observed across the Cayman Islands at 12:15 pm to mark seventy years since the passing of KingGeorge VI. During this time, radio stations remained silent and bells were rung in many churches.[292][293]
A commemorative exhibit began onCommonwealth Day and continued through the end of June in the foyer of the House of Parliament. The exhibition features historical photographs of the Queen's visits to the Cayman Islands, as well as royal memorabilia and Postal Service royal stamp issues.[294]
The Cayman Platinum Cake Competition was launched on 1 March.[295] Nine finalists were invited toGovernment House on 28 April for a taste test by judges Lori-Ann Foley, Brittani Seymour, Elizabeth Larsen and Mark Lea. The winning recipe by Anne Frawley is called the "Cayman Sunrise Cake", which is adapted to include flavours and ingredients native to the Cayman Islands. The cake was served at the Queen's Birthday Party on 6 June.[296]
A competition was launched by the Ministry of Youth, Sports, Culture & Heritage to find a song or a jingle that "exemplifies the celebration of 70 years of the Queen's reign". The competition is open to national songwriters, vocal recording artists and composers until 3 June. The winning three best entries were announced on 11 June at the DART Park Amphitheatre.[294][297]
On 2 June, beacons were lit on the grounds of Pedro St. James, inGrand Cayman and at the Christopher Columbus Gardens inCayman Brac. An outdoor concert showcased performances from the National Choir and the National Orchestra in Grand Cayman, while musical performances took place in the Brac.[289][290] On 3 June, a live music concert took place in downtownGeorge Town. Throughout the weekend, trees were planted across the Cayman Islands as part ofThe Queen's Green Canopy.[289][290] On 5 June, a Service of Thanksgiving took place at Elmslie Memorial Church. On the same day, a children's tea party was held at theQueen Elizabeth II Botanical Park.[289] On 6 June, Caymanians celebrated with the traditional parade and garden party at Government House. An evening fireworks display also took place alongSeven Mile Beach.[289][290]
An international air show was held in Grand Cayman.[298][299]
Commemorative stamps were released by theFalkland Islands on 24 March.[300]
Stanley, the capital of the Falkland Islands, was granted city status. The islands' government said it was "over the moon" and would be "partying with the penguins".[301]
There were public holidays on 2 and 3 June. On 1 June, a reception was held at the Town Hall. On 2 June, frontline serving members of theRoyal Falkland Islands Police, Falklands Fire & Rescue,Falkland Islands Defence Force, and other emergency services were awarded commemorative platinum jubilee medals atGovernment House. Beacon lighting took place atMoody Brook and Government House. On 3 June, a church service was held atChrist Church Cathedral. On 4 June, community events and celebrations took place at the Town Hall. On 5 June, a cake competition was held at the Town Hall.[302][303]
On Accession Day, the Governor and the Chief Minister ofGibraltar issued statements and paid tribute to the Queen.[304] The Union Flag was flown from theMoorish Castle throughout the day.[304][305] On 7 February, a gun salute was fired by theRoyal Gibraltar Regiment fromGrand Battery.[306]
On 25 April, Gibraltar issued a set of commemorative stamps.[307]
As in the UK, there was a double bank holiday on 2 and 3 June.[308] On 2 June, a food festivalJubilita took place at the three of Gibraltar's City Squares – the Theatre Royal Square,John Mackintosh Square and Campion Park. Jubilita offered a historical trail through the Queen's reign, with dishes from different eras.[309] On 4 June, a street party was held at Governor's Parade.[310]
Gibraltar National Archives organised a jubilee exhibition at Gustavo Bacarisas Gallery from 7 June to 27 July.[310]
InMontserrat, celebrations began in the middle of May with radio quizzes. Medal ceremonies took place between 13 and 30 May to honour uniformed personnel who had served 5 or more years within theRoyal Montserrat Defence Force,Royal Police Service, Her Majesty's Prison and the Montserrat Fire and Rescue Services.[311]
There were public holidays on 2 and 3 June.[312] At Little Bay, a beacon lighting ceremony took place on 2 June, with an outdoor concert. On 3 June, a ceremonial parade took place at Salem Park, followed by the Queen's Birthday Party on 4 June.[311] Tree planting ceremonies took place across Montserrat.[311] Other activities include poetry and art competitions for children and social activities for various age categories.[311]
InPitcairn Islands, the smallest British overseas territory with no more than 50 permanent inhabitants, a jubilee dinner was held on 2 June. The territory was also the last to light a jubilee beacon.[313]
GovernorNigel Dakin approved an extra holiday on 6 June, throughout theTurks and Caicos Islands. In addition, the Queen's Birthday public holiday was observed on June 3, rather than the usual 13 June, to create a four-day weekend celebration as a tribute to the Queen's reign.[314]
Planned celebrations include events inGrand Turk, a tree planting ceremony, a beacon lighting ceremony and the Queen's Birthday Parade.[314]
Platinum jubilee medals were awarded to public servants for their service over the years, as well as to the persons for 18, 25 and 30 years of service to the Crown.[314]
The Platinum Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II[315] is the first time in Canada's history that aCanadian monarch celebrates 70 years on the throne.[316]
A series of initiatives have been organised by the federal government.[317] On 11 June 2021, Prime MinisterJustin Trudeau had a virtual audience with the Queen, wherein they discussed preparations for Canadian celebrations.[318][319] Provincial governments also started planning for the Jubilee in 2021,[320] as did private organisations, like the Canadian branch ofRotary Club.[317]
An emblem for the jubilee was created byCathy Bursey-Sabourin, theFraser Herald of Arms, and registered with theCanadian Heraldic Authority in December 2021.[321][322] A platinum jubilee flag that features the emblem on a white background was also created and flown at government houses and events throughout the jubilee year.[323] The federal government also createdlapel pins using the jubilee emblem, and distributed them to all parliamentarians, so they could award them to Canadians who greatly contributed to their communities.[324] Platinum Jubilee lapel pins were also distributed across the country by theMonarchist League of Canada.[325]
TheDepartment of Canadian Heritage created a program that provides up toCA$5,000 grant to help fund community-based projects and celebrations,[317][326] as well as permitting larger initiatives to apply for the Commemorate Canada grant, as the jubilee was considered an anniversary of significance for the country.[327] Through the Queen Elizabeth II's Platinum Jubilee Fund, Canadian Heritage investedCA$2.14 million to support celebrations in 360 local communities and three national projects. Approved projects include artistic performances and exhibitions, educational programs, garden and tea parties, geocaching programs, military parades, summer reading programs, and tree-planting events.[328] Funded initiatives aim to educate Canadians about the role of the Canadian Crown and celebrate Canadian achievements over the past seven decades.[329]
The Platinum Jubilee was the first publicly celebrated jubilee in which the Canadian government didn't issue a jubilee medal. Responding to queries about the medal,Canadian Heritage noted the decision to not issue a medal was "an approach consistent with that adopted by almost all Commonwealth realms".[330] However, the decision was criticised by theRoyal Canadian Legion and theMonarchist League of Canada, the latter also criticising the scale of the federal government's planning for the event.[331][332] Several provincial governments institutedtheir own Jubilee medals, withAlberta andSaskatchewan issuing 7,000 medals each;[333][334]Nova Scotia issuing 5,000 medals;[335]Manitoba issuing 1,000 medals;[336]New Brunswick issuing 3000 medals;[337] andPrince Edward Island issuing 584 medals.[338] The same legislative act that authorized Alberta's Platinum Jubilee medals also replaced awards created for theQueen's Golden Jubilee in 2002, with platinum jubilee equivalents and increased their monetary prizes.[333] The government ofOntario stated it would celebrate the anniversary through the province's existing honours and medals, as well as issuing commemorative Platinum Jubilee lapel pins.[339] The government ofManitoba provided grant funding with a focus on reconciliation to Manitoba's sixRoyally-designated organizations[n 2] to facilitate jubilee initiatives throughout the year.[340]
Celebrations were launched by the Department of Canadian Heritage on 6 February,[29][327] as the government encouraged Canadians across the country to celebrate the jubilee in "their own unique ways".[341] On the same day,Governor GeneralMary Simon,lieutenant governors, Prime Minister Trudeau, all issued statements congratulating the Queen,[350] as did theprovincial premiers,[356] and theSpeaker of the Senate of Canada.[357] The Governor General said:
Much has changed in the last seven decades. We extended the hand of friendship to nations around the world. We made advancements in medical research, most recently with vaccines. We established theTruth and Reconciliation Commission and took part in its work. We saw the first Canadian named governor general, then the first woman, and now, the first indigenous person.[358]
Flag raising ceremonies for theCanadian royal standard and the platinum jubilee flag occurred atRideau Hall and several provincial legislatures and government houses.[366] Evensong services were also held in a variety of churches of theDiocese of British Columbia and theAnglican Diocese of Toronto, with theLieutenant Governor of Ontario attending a service inCathedral Church of St James inToronto.[371]
TheRoyal Canadian Mint released a series of coins, including the two-coin jubilee set,[29] a one-ounceplatinum coin,[373] a double-portrait proofsilver dollar,[374] and coins depicting the Queen'sDiamond Diadem.[375][376]Canada Post issued a commemorative stamp, which features a profile of the Queen byArnold Machin.[377]
In the realms of arts and letters, theRoyal Canadian Geographical Society andCanadian Geographic magazine created a series of commemorative pieces for the jubilee, the first of which were released on 6 February.[378] The magazine also launched its own platinum jubilee website, and through its education wing, launched "The Queen's Jubilee Classroom Challenge", which ran from 1 April to 31 May 2022 and encouraged students to "head out into their own communities to discover and learn about native plants", drawing inspiration fromThe Queen's Commonwealth Canopy andThe Queen's Green Canopy.[379] The Lieutenant Governor's BC Journalism Fellowship and the Lieutenant Governor's Art and Music Award were launched bythe Queen's representative in British Columbia.[380][381]
In May, it was announced that the year'sRoyal St. John's Regatta would be renamedPlatinum Jubilee Royal St John's Regatta,[382] and the event took place atQuidi Vidi Lake on 4 August.[383][384] On 13 May, a battery of the 1st Regiment of theRoyal Canadian Horse Artillery was also renamedThe Queen's Battery.[385]Special call-sign prefixes for the jubilee were approved byInnovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada for use byamateur radio operators from 15 May to 14 July.[386] TheCanadian Broadcasting Corporation produced a documentary,The Queen and Canada, airing on 4 June onCBC News Network.[328]
Lieutenant governors andcommissioners across Canadadedicated special gardens in their respective provinces or territory.[29] Each of the 13 gardens included plants suited to the local climate, including tobacco, where climate and protocols allowed, providing the gardens with a representation of therelationship between the Canadian Crown and indigenous peoples of Canada throughthe treaties. Tobacco seeds were provided to viceregal offices and commissioners from plants grown for theChapel Royal atMassey College. Another garden to represent the Crown's association with indigenous Canadians was unveiled at Mount Pleasant Nature Park in theCounty of Brant on 4 June.[387]
The Prince Edward Island Crown-in-Council established a tree planting initiative to create a legacy for the jubilee by adding a stream to its Greening Spaces Program and,[388] fromEarth Day to 7 June, the town ofSaint Andrews, New Brunswick, planted 70 trees.[389] In May, members of theRoyal Canadian Air Cadets also planted trees as a part of the Queen's Green Canopy project.[328]
A commemorative plaster sculpture honouring the Queen's 70-year reign was put on display in theSenate of Canada Building. WhenCentre Block is fully restored, a final stone version of the sculpture will eventually cap the main arch above Centre Block's Senate foyer, near the Diamond Jubilee Window created in 2010.[390]
Severalgovernment houses organised jubilee events throughout the year.[380][391] An exhibition was mounted at theLieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan'sofficial residence inRegina; titledPlatinum on the Prairie: The Queen in Saskatchewan, which focused on the Queen's connection to the province. Theportrait of the Queen that was commissioned for the diamond jubilee in 2012 also went on display at Government House in Saskatchewan.[391][392] On 14 March, atime capsule was buried atGovernment House, British Columbia, which contains messages of hope for the future from viceroys and commissioners across Canada and is scheduled to be opened in 2072.[393] TheAlberta Legislature Building hosted on-site tours and displays for the jubilee.[394]
An exhibit was unveiled on 2 March at theCanadian Museum of Nature, featuring a display ofCanadian currency,postage stamps, and specimens of platinum.[395][396] Woodstock Museum inWoodstock, Ontario, held several jubilee-themed programs from April to June[397] and theToronto Railway Museum hosted on 19 May an online lecture onCanadian royal trains used during the Queen's reign.[398] Similarly, theNova Scotia Archives launched a dedicated online collection of material related to the Queen's various tours of the province.[399]As part ofWinterlude in February, an ice sculpture was unveiled onSparks Street,[400] the main pedestrian mall in Ottawa, and, in the same vein, the city'sByWard Market was decorated in purple.[317] In spring, Ottawa'sConfederation Boulevard, as well as several places in provinces and territories, were decorated with banners featuring the jubilee colours.[29] Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Governor GeneralMary Simon were received in the audience by the Queen at Windsor Castle on 7 and 15 March respectively, where they both offered their congratulations to the Queen for reaching the milestone.[401][402][403] At Canada House in London, a jubilee-themed window display was unveiled in April, featuring pictures from throughout the Queen's reign demonstrating her relationship with Canada.[404]
On 9 April, the town ofMelfort, Saskatchewan, held ahigh tea and, later,[405] in Ontario, the Durham Chamber Orchestra performed a concert inAjax, on 15 May,[406] followed by a jubilee weekend inAmherstburg, held between the 20th and 21st of the same month, and attended by theprovince's Lieutenant Governor.[407] Back in Ottawa, a corgi parade took place on 22 May.[328]
Four days later, theStrathcona Ceremonial Mounted Troop were part of celebrations held inArmstrong, British Columbia; an event that was organized by the Armstrong Regional Co-op, theCanadian Armed Forces, and the Okanagan Military Tattoo Society.[408] TheRoyal Canadian Mounted Police (of which the Queen isCommissioner-in-Chief) sent itsMusical Ride to partake in the specialRoyal Windsor Horse Show,Platinum Jubilee Celebration: A Gallop Through History, atWindsor Castle on 15 May.[409] RCMP officers greeted the Queen upon her arrival at the showground and performed other ceremonial duties riding thehorses the force had given to the Queen.[409][410]
Ahead of their jubilee tour of Canada, the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall visitedCanada House in London on 12 May. The couple met members of the Canadian diaspora and watched a small performance.[411] Canadian High CommissionerRalph Goodale said thatthe Crown and Canada have a "very egalitarian" relationship. He said it is not about empire, but Commonwealth, and the relationship "constantly reviews itself in modern terms, and that is the secret of its longevity".[412]
| External videos | |
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 Northern Lights - sound and light show – Summer 2022 Source:Canadian Heritage. |
A new segment specifically about the Queen's 70 years of service to Canada was added to the annual Northern Lights sound and light show that runs from June to September onParliament Hill, including images of the Queen's tours of Canada displayed through dynamic animation.[29][413] A Canadian Heritage outdoor exhibition,The Queen and Canada, was presented from August to October at theChâteau Laurier hotel and features images of the Queen in Canada arranged along the hotel's promenade that faces theRideau Canal.[29][414] Prior to the lighting ofThe Queen's Platinum Jubilee Beacon in Ottawa, on the evening of 2 June (the 69th anniversary ofElizabeth II's coronation), a specially-scripted proclamation was read bytown criers in multiple cities across Canada.[317] In the evening,bagpipers across the country played the bugle calls "Diu Regnare" and "Majesty" and major federal and provincial buildings throughout the country were illuminated purple.[29] A beacon was also lit on top of Canada House in London in the presence of Governor-General Mary Simon.[415] In a statement, Simon encouraged Canadians across the country to work together to "truly honour the life, legacy and reign of Her Majesty The Queen".[416] TwelveCanadian Armed Forces members representing the forces' three elements took part in thePlatinum Jubilee Pageant in London on 5 June, along with military personnel from other Commonwealth countries.[417]
InAurora, Ontario, a commemorative bench was installed at Queen's Diamond Jubilee Park on 2 June, with a celebration taking place two days later, when seven images—one for each decade of the Queen's reign—were put on display and one of the town's Concerts in the Park series was dedicated to the jubilee as a musical tribute.[418] The town also set up a website with educational resources and entertainments.[419] "Majestic Celebrations: 70 Hats for 70 Years", a millinery exhibit, was held at theBurlington Central Library between 2 and 5 June.[420] InToronto, the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario hosted a platinum jubilee garden party on 5 June at theAga Khan Museum[421] and garden lunch and tea events took place on 4 and 5 June, as well as inSarnia.[422][423] TheRoyal Commonwealth Society of Toronto hosted a gala at theFairmont Royal York on 17 June.[424] The City of Toronto planted 70 large trees, one for each year of the Queen's reign, throughout Rowntree Mills Park, with the tree planting being attended by MayorJohn Tory and Lieutenant GovernorElizabeth Dowdeswell.[425]
In Alberta, between 3 and 4 June, provincial museums and historic sites offered free admission and, on the second day, theLieutenant Governor hosted a garden party on the grounds ofGovernment House inEdmonton.[426][427][428]Innisfail saw on 2 June theRoyal Canadian Legion Pipe Band play and, two days later, at Ol' Moose Hall, the Innisfail and District Historical Society hosted the Queen's Platinum Jubilee Tea, which also honoured theWomen's Institute, a community-based organization for women in the UK, Canada, South Africa, and New Zealand.[429]
An exhibit on the Queen's visits toNewfoundland and Labrador was curated byThe Rooms and mounted atGovernment House,St John's,[430] where an open house was held on 3 June.[431][432] TheLieutenant Governor attended a tea party in the town ofPlacentia on 6 June.[433][434] A tree planting ceremony was held on 5 June in Centennial Park inSaint Andrews, New Brunswick, followed by a community church service at All Saints Church on King Street and a community garden party in front of the Anglican Parish Hall.[435][436] InFredericton, several events were held from 2 to 9 June, including a tree planting, a flag raising ceremony, and a concert on 16 June, in front ofCity Hall,[437] which was lit in purple from 2 to 5 June.[438] TheLieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia hosted platinum jubilee garden parties in Yarmouth on 16 July and in Cape Breton on 30 July.[439][440] On 23 July, a platinum jubilee concert, featuring theStadacona Band of theRoyal Canadian Navy, was held atGovernment House in Halifax.[441] On 1 July, a "double platinum" themedCanada Day celebration was held inPugwash to commemorate both the platinum jubilees for both the Queen and the localGathering of the Clans.[442]
On 4 June, two refurbished British cannons, dating from 1810, were fired for a total of five times by the Westmount Battery, inMontreal'sMount Royal Cemetery, near Côte-des-Neiges Armoury. The last time they had been fired publicly was in 1897, for theDiamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria.[443] A collection of memorabilia was displayed atAtwater Library and the proprietors of Clarence & Crisps shop inHudson statedsolar-powered, waving mini-statues of the Queen were the most popular item.[444] On 13 July, a celebration was held at Davies Park,Montreal West.[445] In a statement, theLieutenant Governor of Quebec commended the Queen "for her many sacrifices and her selflessness".[446]
Government House, British Columbia, hosted Platinum Jubilee Music on the Lawn, an outdoor concert series, over three nights on 7 July, 14 July, and 21 July.[447][448] On 19 August, the Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia hosted a Platinum Jubilee Festival at Government House.[449]
InDawson City, a celebration was held at the local museum on 11 June.[450] Starting 7 July, Taylor House, Yukon, hosted jubilee Thursdays all through July and August to celebrate the Queen's jubilee.[451] On 13 August, theCommissioner of YukonAngélique Bernard hosted a jubilee garden party at her residence in Dawson City. The next day, a celebration was held at theKeno City Mining Museum as part of the jubilee to mark the centennial of the visit of Governor GeneralLord Byng to the Keno region's silver mines.[451]
Queen Elizabeth II was the first Australian monarch to celebrate a platinum jubilee,[452] and a range of national and community events were held across the country.[453] "We plan to hold a range of events to coincide with key dates throughout 2022, to show our respect and appreciation for seven decades of service", said thenPrime MinisterScott Morrison.[453]
The AustralianDepartment of Agriculture, Water and the Environment also launched a tree planting initiative. The Australian Government provided up to A$15.1 million of grant funding in 2022 to eligible groups and organisations for community-based tree planting events.[454][455][456]
Australians were able to submit a personal message of congratulations and thanks to the Queen on the Australian Government's Platinum Jubilee website from 2 to 16 June 2022. Messages were collated and sent to Buckingham Palace and archived by the Commonwealth of Australia.[457][458]
On 6 February, buildings and monuments throughout Australia were lit in purple.[459] Statements were released by Morrison,Governor-GeneralDavid Hurley and the governors of the Australian states.[460][461][462][463][464]
Services were held in churches across Australia. InCanberra, evensong atSt Paul's Church, Manuka was attended by the governor-general of Australia.[465][466] Several state governors also attended evensong services, including the governor ofNew South Wales atSt James' Church, Sydney,[467][468] thegovernor of Tasmania atSt David's Cathedral, Hobart,[469] the governor of Victoria atSt Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne,[470][471] the governor of Western Australia atSt George's Cathedral, Perth,[472][473][474] and the governor ofSouth Australia at St Paul's Anglican Church,Port Adelaide.[475] The latter event was also attended by the premier of South Australia.[476][477]
Commemorative stamps and coins were released in Australia.[478]
On 5 April, two commemorative stamps were released byAustralia Post: a $1.10 stamp featuring an image of the Queen from 1952 byDorothy Wilding, and a $3.50 stamp which displays a 2019 photograph of the Queen. A range of collectables accompanied the stamp release.[479]
ThePerth Mint released three celebratory coins on 5 April. The coins – two gold, and one silver – feature the shield of the royal coat of arms alongside the floral emblems of England, Ireland,Scotland and Australia on one side; and the Queen's first (1953) and current (2019) coin effigies on the other.[480]
TheRoyal Australian Mint released a commemorative 50c coin on 5 May. The coin depicts intertwining golden wattle branches, the national floral emblem of Australia; and the lily of the valley flowers, the Queen's favourite flower. The centre of the coin includes the Queen's royal cypher. Inspired by the 1977 Australian silver jubilee 50c coin, the platinum jubilee coin also features a fan of 70 crowns set behind a central St Edward's Crown.[481]
The Queen's Platinum Jubilee was officially celebrated in Australia from 2 to 5 June 2022.[482] During this period, buildings and monuments throughout Australia were illuminated in purple to mark the occasion.[483]
On 2 June, the Blue Mountains Pipe Band played the tuneDiu Regnare, written especially for the jubilee, in theBlue Mountains.[484] AtGovernment House, Perth, the Governor of Western Australia dedicated a new garden to the Queen.[485] On the same day, a beacon was lit in Canberra, by Prime MinisterAnthony Albanese. He later remarked that his birth was "somewhat potentially delayed" during the Queen's tour in 1963 because his "mother insisted on seeing the tribute to Queen Elizabeth on her way to the hospital, she insisted on going via the city to ensure she saw all of the commemorations at that time".[486][487]
From 2 to 13 June, theDepartment of the Prime Minister and Cabinet Library hosted a display in the public foyer in the Andrew Fisher Building, featuring artifacts and contemporary items relating to the platinum jubilee.[488] The Bible Museum celebrated the jubilee from 2 to 17 June with a big display of commemorative royal Bibles, which included a special Bible published for the platinum jubilee.[489] From 2 June to 31 December, the National Capital Exhibition presentedThe Queen and Me, celebrating the Queen's 14 visits to Canberra during her 70-year reign. It featured family photographs, and mementos of the day, and personal stories of what their interactions with the Queen have meant to the people of Canberra.[490]
On 3 June, theAdministrator of the Northern Territory hostedMusic on the Lawn: A Jubilee Event atGovernment House, which featured The Band of the1st Brigade andAustralian Army Band Sydney who performed a contemporary program of music.[491]
On 4 June, Aspen Island in Canberra'sLake Burley Griffin, an island lying within theParliamentary Triangle and which features theNational Carillon, was renamedQueen Elizabeth II Island during a special event.[492][493] The ceremony also included dedicating the new Queen Elizabeth Water Gardens, which transformed the nearby foreshore as well as improve water quality.[453][494] The event also included a21-gun salute andRAAFflypast.[457][495] In a message, the Queen remarked that the renaming of the island was "a lovely and kind gesture", and hoped that "Queen Elizabeth II Island continues to provide a place of enjoyment for all who go there".[496]
St Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney, hosted a concert 'Happy and Glorious' on 4 June, with royal music includingHandel'sZadok the Priest,Parry'sI was glad,Walton'sOrb and Sceptre Coronation march and works byVaughan Williams,Byrd andRutter, and the Australian premiere of the official platinum jubilee anthem,In Our Service.[497][498] From 4 June to 13 June,Parliament House hosted special tours featuring representations of the Queen in the Parliament House art collection, such as SirWilliam Dargie'sWattle Queen andJohn Dowie's bronze statue of Queen Elizabeth II on Queen's Terrace.[499]
On 5 June, a Service of Thanksgiving took place atSt John's Anglican Cathedral, Brisbane, attended by the governor of Queensland.[500] Another service of thanksgiving was held at the Loch Public Hall.[501] The same day,Government House, Adelaide, opened for visitors to view public rooms, and see the workings of the House and view the statue of the Queen.[502]
41 members of theAustralian Defence Force contingent from theFederation Guard took part in thePlatinum Jubilee Pageant in London on 5 June.[34] Cheers of "Aussie Aussie Aussie" were heard as the Australian contingent marched by.[503] From 10 June to 30 December, theAustralian Racing Museum, whose patron is the Queen, presented an online exhibition featuring a collection of objects, photographs and records held in the museum collection.[504] The Australian Army continued Platinum Jubilee celebrations in Canberra with Royal Military College – Duntroon's Queen's Birthday Parade on 11 June.[505] On 12 June, the Australian government announced a contribution of $10,000 to Wildlife SEQ Inc., in honour of the jubilee.[506] The same day, All Saints Anglican Church, South Hobart, celebrated the jubilee with a Festal Choral Evensong.[507] On 18 June, the Blackstone-Ipswich Cambrian Choir hosted a concert atSt Paul's Anglican Church, Ipswich, featuring music from the Queen's Coronation, such as Handel'sZadok the Priest and Parry'sI was glad.[508]
On 3 February, the governor of Victoria hosted a reception atGovernment House, Melbourne. Those in attendance included representatives from Victorian organisations to which the Queen and other members of the royal family have a connection.[471] On 5 February, the governor of New South Wales hosted a tree planting and garden reception to commemorate the jubilee, atGovernment House, Sydney. The governor planted ared oak.[509] On 7 February, thegovernor of Tasmania hosted a reception for theRoyal Over-Seas League and other Commonwealth societies.[510] On 8 February, a motion introduced by Morrison was passed by theAustralian House of Representatives, in which the House offered their "warmest congratulations" to the Queen. Morrison and the Leader of the Opposition, Anthony Albanese, also offered their personal congratulations to the Queen.[511][512]
From 5 February to 27 February,Parliament House hosted guided tours, titledPlatinum Jubilee in portrait. These featured artistic representations of the Queen from the Parliament House art collection, includingSir William Dargie'sWattle Queen, the statue of the Queen in the Queen's Terrace Café, and depictions of the State Opening of Parliament in 1954 and 1974 and the opening of Parliament House in 1988.[513]
On 13 March,Government House, Brisbane hosted an open day, allowing the public to tour parts of the building and its gardens.[514]
On 5 August, allRoyal Australian Infantry Corps battalion colours were paraded for the first time at the School of Infantry to mark the Jubilee.[515] On 6 August,The Queen's Platinum Jubilee Concert, directed byAlexander Voltz, occurred atSt John's Cathedral, Brisbane.[516]
TheRoyal Queensland Show and theQueensland Government hosted the Queen's Platinum Jubilee Celebration Cake Competition. The cakes were displayed from 6 to 14 August in the Fine Arts Precinct of the Ekka's Channel 7 Pavilion.[517]
On Accession Day, Prime MinisterJacinda Ardern congratulated the Queen and wished her well on behalf of New Zealanders.[518] Ardern announced that the government would donate $1 million to Trees That Count to assist with tree planting programmes across New Zealand.[518] Trees That Count is working with theDepartment of Conservation to support the planting of 100,000 native trees at 15 native restoration projects across New Zealand.[519] The project was launched on 16 May atGovernment House, where DameHelen Winkelmann, theadministrator of the government, andKiri Allan, minister of conservation, planted akauri.[520]
FromPoint Jerningham, Wellington, a 21-gun salute was fired by personnel from the 16th Field Regiment,Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery, on 7 February.[518][521]
On 9 February, Ardern moved a motion and was passed in theHouse of Representatives congratulating the Queen on her jubilee.[522]
Commemorative coins were released byNZ Post.[523][524][525] A bulletin article –The Queen on New Zealand's Currency – was commissioned by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to mark the Jubilee.[526]
AtTe Awamutu, a plaque was erected to commemorate both the jubilee and the Queen and Prince Philip's visit toTe Awamutu in 1954.[527] The plaque, which was approved by the Queen, was erected on the old Te Awamutu Post Office building.[528]
On 2 June, at midday, a 21-gun salute was fired at Point Jerningham, Wellington.[529] In the evening, a beacon was lit on the steps to theTangi Te Keo Mt Victoria lookout in Wellington, by former governor-general SirJerry Mateparae and themayor of Wellington,Andy Foster.[530] A bonfire was lit inChristchurch and theSky Tower in Auckland was lit up in red, yellow, and orange as a jubilee beacon.[531][532]
A service of celebration took place on 3 June atWellington Cathedral of St Paul.[533] The service featured reflections about the Queen from former deputy prime minister and secretary-general of the Commonwealth, SirDon McKinnon, and Queen's Young Leader award winner Ezekiel Raui.[534][535]
On 3 June, Prime Minister Ardern announced that a trail onStewart Island / Rakiura, previously known as Observation Rock Track, would be renamed Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Path.[536][537]
A contingent of 42 personnel from theNew Zealand Defence Force marched in the Platinum Jubilee Pageant in London on 5 June.[538][539]
The2022 Queen's Birthday and Platinum Jubilee Honours List was announced on 6 June 2022.[540] A 21-round salute was fired using a 1941 field gun atTimaru's Caroline Bay.[541] Auckland's Sky Tower was lit in purple for the occasion.[542]
On 2 June, a jubilee beacon by lit by theMinistry of Foreign Affairs in Islamabad.[543]
On 8 June, Prime MinisterShehbaz Sharif attended a jubilee celebration hosted by theHigh Commission of the United Kingdom, Islamabad.[544] ThePakistan Monument was lit up in purple to mark the Jubilee.[545]
On 2 June, First LadyRebecca Akufo-Addo lit a beacon in Accra, at a ceremony organised by the Rotary Club Ghana.[546]
The Ghana Society-UK celebrated at theLuton International Carnival on 4 June.[547]
On 10 June, theMinistry of Lands and Natural Resources held a tree planting at theAchimota Forest.[548]
On 2 June, Rotary Malaysia District 3300 lit a beacon.[549] The Malaysian British Society held a golf day for charity, on 2 June,[550] and members of the British Armed Forces based atButterworth Air Base held a garden party from allFive Power Defence Arrangements member nations.[when?]
On 5 June, soldiers from the 1st Battalion of theRoyal Malay Regiment (RMR) marched in the pageant in London.[551] TheYang di-Pertuan Agong congratulated the Queen and hailed her as a "ruler who cares about the welfare of the people".[552]
The British High Commission hosted an official reception later in June.[549]
On Accession Day,Governor-General SirPatrick Allen, congratulated the Queen.[553]
The Queen's Platinum Jubilee Medal was presented to members of theJamaica Defence Force, theJamaica Constabulary Force, theDepartment of Correctional Services, theJamaica Fire Brigade and the Emergency Medical Services.[554][555]
PresidentPaula-Mae Weekes attended theRoyal Windsor Horse Show in May. At Windsor Castle, Weekes presented the Queen with a gift from the people of Trinidad and Tobago. The gift,Woman on the Bass, was designed and produced by artist Gillian Bishop.[556]
In Aberdare Open Fields, close toTreetops Hotel where the Queen received the news of her accession, the Earl of Wessex and Forfar planted a tree on 16 March.[557]
On 2 June, a beacon was lit jointly by the High Commissioners of Barbados and India to Kenya, at an event held by Nairobi's Rotary Club inKaren.[558]
TheCentral Bank of Malta commissioned two commemorative coins for the jubilee and they were minted by theRoyal Dutch Mint.[559][560]MaltaPost also issued a stamp in aminiature sheet for the occasion on 2 June.[561]
On 2 June, a tune calledDiu Regnare, was played on bagpipes outside the Queen's former Pietá house –Villa Guardamangia.[562][563] Rotary Club Malta lit a jubilee beacon at theMsida Bastion Historic Garden inFloriana; attendees to the event includedBritish High Commissioner Katherine Ward. On the same day, the Gozo Community Choir sangA Life Lived With Grace in a ceremony atMunxar onGozo.[564]
To mark the Queen's jubilee, Rotary International District 9210 and the Wildlife Environment Conservation Society of Zambia (WECSZ) partnered to plant at least 50 indigenous trees in each of the 10 provincial capitals of Zambia.[565]
On 2 June, Rotary Club in the Gambia lit beacons at Tamala Beach Hotel.[566]
The British High Commission inBanjul hosted government officials, and members of the diplomatic community at a reception on 3 June.[567]
Prime MinisterMia Mottley attended a celebration at the British High Commission on 1 June. Mottley congratulated the Queen and said "all of us are grateful" for the Queen's work at bringing stability to the Commonwealth.[568][569]
On 6 June, the jubilee was marked with a tree planting ceremony at the Vailima Botanical Gardens.[570] As part of the Queen's Green Canopy, the British High Commissioner announced UK's funding contribution of £10,000 (SAT $33.2K) towards the Vailima Botanical Garden Zoning Project for the installation of accessibility resources for people with disabilities.[571]
On 9 June, Samoan government officials, including acting Prime MinisterTuala Iosefo Ponifasio, opposition leader and former Prime MinisterTuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi, and members of theLegislative Assembly, attended a platinum jubilee reception hosted by the British High Commissioner at theRobert Louis Stevenson Museum at Vailima.[572]
PresidentMohammad Abdul Hamid and Prime MinisterSheikh Hasina sent congratulatory messages.[573]
On 25 May, theSpeaker of the Bangladesh ParliamentShirin Sharmin Chaudhury was the guest of honour at a reception at the British High Commission.[574]
On 2 June, the High Commissions of Canada, India, and the United Kingdom inDhaka were lit up in purple.[575]
At The Retreat Garden National Park inNassau, on 28 January, twolignum vitae trees were planted by the commanding officer ofHMS Medway, which is part of theRoyal Navy's permanent presence in the region, providing humanitarian aid and working with local law enforcement on stopping the flow of illegal drugs.[576] Also present were members of theBahamas National Trust and the UK High Commission in Nassau.[577]
A series of commemorative stamps was released by The Bahamas on 17 March.[578]
On Accession Day, Governor-General SirBob Dadae reflected on the Queen's life and said that Papua New Guineans are proud to have Elizabeth II as their Queen.[579][580] He said:
Despite personal tragedies and setbacks in both her personal and public life, the Queen has continued to hold fast to her duty and service throughout the last 70 years. As a nation, we are indeed proud to have the Queen as our Head of State. A nation of a thousand tribes and cultural diversity in a land of diverse biodiversity, we join our voices to congratulate our Queen and Head of State on achieving this historic milestone.[579]
Considerations were being made to reserve a portion of Papua New Guinea's rainforests in honour of the Queen, given how she is "passionate for the preservation of rainforests".[581]
The jubilee was celebrated inSolomon Islands on 2 and 3 June, with 3 June being an official public holiday.[582]
The celebrations began in the morning of 2 June with a police band drum-beating ceremony in open vehicles from Henderson Police Station toWhite River amidst cheering groups waving flags along the highway at various locations in the city. Later in the evening, a thanksgiving service, cake cutting and lighting of a bonfire took place at theSaint Barnabas Anglican Cathedral.[582]
On 3 June, the planting of trees took place at Government House, followed by a reception for dignitaries and guests.[582]
Commemorative stamps were released byTuvalu on 6 February.[583]
On 3 June 2022, Acting Governor-GeneralErrol Charles and his wife congratulated the Queen on behalf of Saint Lucians.[584]
Platinum jubilee medals were awarded, including to those who served during HurricanesHurricane Eta andIota that flooded much ofCayo, and to those who served during the COVID-19 pandemic.[585]
On 2 June, a beacon was lit at the Governor General's Field next to Belize House,Belmopan.[41]
TheAntigua and Barbuda Scout Association and the Rotary Club of Antigua lit a beacon atGovernment House, St John's on 2 June.[586]
On Accession Day, Governor-General SirTapley Seaton, congratulated the Queen on behalf of the government and people ofSaint Kitts and Nevis.[587][588]
AtGovernment House inNevis, tree planting ceremonies took place on 14 March that was attended by Hyleeta Liburd, the deputy governor-general of Nevis. The Nevisian premier's ministry plans[needs update] to plant trees at six locations in Nevis, leading up to 2 June.[589]
On 2 June, a beacon was lit at the Nevis Athletic Stadium, with the public invited to attend.[590]
The British High Commission held a photo exhibition for the jubilee.[591]
With the consent of SultanHassanal Bolkiah, theSultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien Bridge was lit up in red, white and blue in the Queen's honour.[591][592]
Several world leaders congratulated the Queen on her milestone, including French presidentEmmanuel Macron,[593] German presidentFrank-Walter Steinmeier,[594] Irish presidentMichael D. Higgins,[595] Israeli presidentIsaac Herzog,[596] KingAbdullah II of Jordan,[597] North Korean leaderKim Jong-un,[598] KingSalman of Saudi Arabia,[599] and QueenMargrethe II of Denmark. The latter, who was celebratingher golden jubilee that year, also sent a letter to Elizabeth II to highlight the "unprecedented and remarkable achievement" and how it underlined the "importance of the Monarchy as a strong symbol of national identity and historic continuity in a rapidly changing modern world".[600][601] A congratulatory message was also sent from former US president,Barack Obama.[602]
Some world leaders provided gifts to the Queen to commemorate the milestone. Macron gifted the Queen several items including a ceremonial saddle, cavalry sabre, and a seven-year-old horse formerly with the FrenchRepublican Guard named Fabuleux de Maucourt.[603] Azerbaijani presidentIlham Aliyev gifted the Queen aKarabakh horse named "Shohret", and a sculpture of a Karabakh horse and a Dilbaz horse.[604][605]
Several companies also released products to commemorate the jubilee. Italian luxury brandBulgari unveiled the jubilee emerald garden high jewellery tiara, which can be worn either as a headpiece or as a necklace.[606] The American toy manufacturerMattel released aBarbie bearing the Queen's likeness.[607] The Barbie is fitted with an elegant ivory gown and blue ribbon adorned with decorations of order.[608]
Several landmarks around the world were illuminated to commemorate the jubilee. On 2 June, buildings on the UK-facing coasts ofHauts-de-France were illuminated in red, blue and gold.[609][603] Several Polish buildings were also illuminated in purple and white on that day, including thePalace of Culture and Science inWarsaw.[313][610] On 4 June, theEmpire State Building was illuminated in purple and gold.[611]
Several jubilee concerts were also held in June. On 2 June, in the US, concerts were held atʻIolani Palace inHonolulu andGovernor's Palace inColonial Williamsburg. Both musical performances also included the lighting of jubilee beacons, although the former in Honolulu also included aspects that highlighted of the relationship between the Hawaiian monarchs and the British royal family.[612][613] On 5 June, several concerts were held inRome, including one by the New Chamber Singers and the All Saints' Orchestra atAll Saints' Anglican Church, and another swing concert by the "Smile Orchestra" big band. The former performed music from the Queen's coronation whereas the latter performed music from the Queen's youth. The concert was the subject of interviews by RAI and BBC.[614]
Some private organisations also hosted jubilee dinners, including theRoyal Commonwealth Society Hong Kong Branch on 1 June at theHong Kong Club,[615][616][617] and the Dubai-basedQueen Elizabeth 2 on 3 and 4 June.[618]
On 1 June, British and Canadian personnel of NATO'sAllied Joint Force Command Brunssum took part in a parade to commemorate the platinum jubilee. The mayor ofBrunssum served as the parade's guest of honour. Following the parade, British and Canadian communities hosted a jubilee street party in Brunssum, a tradition that dates back to the Queen's coronation in 1952.[619]
The British Residents Association planned a series of events across Switzerland during June.[620][621]
Tree planting ceremonies supported by British diplomatic missions took place in several countries as a part ofThe Queen's Green Canopy. On 3 October 2021, the Princess Royal planted a tree at theresidence of theBritish Ambassador to France.[622][deprecated source] On 3 November 2021,Nigel Baker, theBritish Ambassador to Slovakia, planted a tree at a local park inŽilina, Slovakia.[citation needed] The tree in Slovakia is twinned with aPrunus padus planted inBrookwood Cemetery in the UK, in commemoration of the UK's relationship with Slovakia and the Czech Republic.[623]
On 18 February 2022,Margareta, Custodian of the Crown of Romania andAndrew Noble, theBritish Ambassador to Romania, unveiled a plaque atSăvârșin Castle to mark theweeping hornbeam planted for the jubilee.[624] On 30 April 2022, the Cambodian government, in collaboration with theKampot Provincial Administration, and the British Embassy inPhnom Penh, planted 1,000 mangrove trees in Kampot province.[625][626] TheBritish Embassy in Tokyo also planted a tree.[627]
Several British embassies held arts and photo exhibitions. TheBritish Embassy in Warsaw opened a photo exhibition along the side of Warsaw's largest park that featured images of the Queen meeting with Polish icons includingLech Wałęsa andPope John Paul II.[313] TheBritish Embassy in Paris displayed a collection of 3-metre-high (9.8 ft) portraits of the Queen at the Ambassador's residence.[313] The British Embassy inBaku displayed a carpet which uses traditional local weaving techniques to combine the English rose, Scottish thistle, Welsh daffodil, and Irish shamrock with Azerbaijan's national emblem, the pomegranate.[313]
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Several British embassies held a jubilee lunch or dinner. TheBritish Embassy in Mexico City held a jubilee dinner and a photo exhibition for the reign of Elizabeth II.[628][629] The British Embassy in Tokyo hosted a "Big Japan Jubilee Lunch", and also organised a "Platinum Jubilee Afternoon Tea and Cake Competition". Ten hotels from Tokyo and Osaka entered the competition, with the finalists announced at a Queen's Birthday Party event at the embassy on 16 June.[627] The British Embassy inMontevideo launched "The Queen's Dessert" contest in which entrants made a dessert for afternoon tea or after the main course.[630] The desserts were evaluated by the chef of the British chancery and three Uruguayan chefs, includingSergio Puglia.[631] The British Embassy in Montevideo also hosted a dinner at its diplomatic residence, with several Uruguayan officials, including Vice-presidentBeatriz Argimón, foreign ministerFrancisco Bustillo, First LadyLorena Ponce de León, and former PresidentLuis Alberto Lacalle attending the dinner.[632] The winning dish was served as dessert.[633]
The British Embassy in Berne, in collaboration withWorld Radio Switzerland, asked people across Switzerland to nominate individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the lives of others within Switzerland for "The Platinum Champions Awards". The awardees were invited to the "Cheers for Volunteers" jubilee picnic, held at the Ambassador's Residence on 5 June.[634] The embassy also organised a light display projected on fourBernese Alps, including theEiger. It featured an image of the jubilee crown emblem and a silhouette of the Queen.[313]
TheBritish Embassy in Bangkok arranged for a celebratory digital message was beamed from the top of theBaiyoke Tower on 2 June.[313][635]
On Accession Day, theFrench Embassy in the United Kingdom planted a "Royal Beauty"apple tree fromNormandy to highlight the UK's historic ties with the region.[636] Later that year in autumn, an alley of 70hornbeams were planted at theBritish Normandy Memorial inVer-sur-Mer, as a part of The Queen's Green Canopy initiative.[637][638]
On 28 May, theRed Arrows took part in an aerial display overLe Touquet.[639] Several days later, on 2 June, at theArc de Triomphe, Macron participated in a flame rekindling ceremony to mark the jubilee. The anthemGod Save the Queen was played by theBand of the Royal Regiment of Scotland, followed byLa Marseillaise by theFrench Republican Guard Band.[640] On 7 June, the Prince of Wales expressed the gratitude of the Royal Family to Macron for the "gestures of deep friendship" shown by France during the jubilee.[641]
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A series of events celebrating the jubilee were held inAtlanta,Boston,Chicago,Houston,Los Angeles,Miami,Minneapolis,New York City, andSan Francisco.[313] From 2 June to 4 June, the Historical Society ofMt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania, held a toy soldier display of more than 500 pieces depicting the Trooping the Colour.[642] A platinum jubilee evensong and reception took place on 5 June atChrist Church inGreenville, South Carolina.[643]
During their visit to the island of Cyprus from 20 to 22 June, the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar spent time meeting British Armed Forces and their families based at theSovereign Base Areas.[644]
TheEarl andCountess of Wessex and Forfar visitedAntigua and Barbuda in April.[645] Ahead of the visit, the Antigua and Barbuda Reparations Support Commission penned an open letter criticising the royal family's past comments on slavery.[646] During their visit on 25 April, the couple interacted with local craftspeople, creatives and community groups, and visitedSir Vivian Richards Stadium and the National Sailing Academy.[647] At Government House, they presented platinum jubilee medals to three people to recognise their service to national security.[648] During their meeting with Prime MinisterGaston Browne and his cabinet, Browne stated that the country would continue to have the Queen as head of state but said it aspires "at some point to become a republic".[649] He also asked the couple to use their "diplomatic influence" to get "reparatory justice" for Antigua and Barbuda.[649]
ThePrincess Royal, accompanied by her husband Vice Admiral SirTimothy Laurence, toured Australia from 9 to 11 April.[650] On the first day of her visit, she opened the 200thSydney Royal Easter Show, which she first opened with her parents and brother Charles in 1970. She had last attended the event in 1988.[650] She had an engagement as patron of the Royal Agricultural Society of the Commonwealth, before attending a dinner at theSydney Olympic Park.[650] The couple also met with representatives of theNew South Wales Rural Fire Service, theRoyal Australian Corps of Signals andRoyal Australian Corps of Transport.[650]
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| The Bahamas welcomes The Duke & Duchess of Cambridge on the occasion of The Queen's Platinum Jubilee Source:The Office of the Prime Minister The Bahamas. |
Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and his wife,Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, toured The Bahamas from 24 to 26 March.[645][651] They spent time with communities across the island, attending a junkanoo parade andThe Bahamas Platinum Jubilee Sailing Regatta at Montagu foreshore,[652] visiting Sybil Strachan Primary School and meeting healthcare workers in the Garden of Remembrance.[653]
Though the Duke and Duchess toured the country as representatives of theBahamian monarch,[653] at the request of the government of The Bahamas,[654] the Bahamas National Reparations Committee still penned an open letter ahead of the royal tour, asking for reparations from the United Kingdom for slavery.[655] In the evening of 25 March, the couple attended a reception hosted by the Queen's representative,Governor-General SirCornelius A. Smith, at the Baha Mar Resort on Cable Beach inNassau.[656] In his speech, the Duke said, "I am delighted to convey to you a message of good wishes from my grandmother, the Queen of The Bahamas, on the occasion of her platinum jubilee."[653] He went on to assure the Caribbean nations that the monarchy would "support with pride and respect your decisions about your future. Relationships evolve. Friendship endures".[657]
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge visited from 19 to 22 March.[645][658] They visited the Mayan site ofCaracol, explored Belize's Maya chocolate making, and met theGarifuna community inHopkins. They also learned about the restoration ofBelize's barrier reef, and scuba-dived there.[659][652][660] A planned visit to the Akte 'il Ha cacao farm inIndian Creek was scrapped due to residents' protests over lack of consultation about the local football pitch earmarked for the couple's helicopter landing as well as an ongoing dispute over land withFauna and Flora International, of which the Duke is a patron.[661]
In the evening of 21 March, Governor-General DameFroyla Tzalam hosted a reception at theMayan ruins atCahal Pech.[659]
ThePrince of Wales,heir apparent to the Canadian throne, and his wife, theDuchess of Cornwall, undertook a three-day tour of Canada as part of the jubilee celebrations.[665] Beginning inSt John's on 17 May, the royal couple participated in a moment of reflection and prayer with indigenous leaders and community members at the Heart Garden[666] and unveiled a 1 km Platinum Jubilee Walkway on the grounds ofGovernment House connecting 54 trees planted by members of theCanadian royal family (including Their Royal Highnesses that day) and viceregal representatives and is planned to open in September.[667] The following day, Charles and Camilla were inOttawa, where the Prince was invested by the Governor General into theOrder of Military Merit as an Extraordinary Commander. The couple later participated in a wreath-laying ceremony at theNational War Memorial and met with Canadian-Ukrainian organisations before the Prince of Wales discussed employment and sustainability with participants ofThe Prince's Trust Canada. In the evening, the Governor General hosted a reception atRideau Hall.[666]RoseAnne Archibald, National Chief of theAssembly of First Nations, said that Charles acknowledged failures by Canadian governments in handling the relationship between the Crown and indigenous people, which she said "really meant something".[668] The couple arrived on 19 May inYellowknife andDettah. In the latter, they visited aDene First Nation community and the Prince held discussions with local chiefs and elders, as well as met local food producers at thePrince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. The Duchess visited Kaw Tay Whee School and aYWCA transitional housing centre for women and their children. Later, the Prince and the Duchess visited the Ceremonial Circle for a platinum jubilee flag raising and the unveiling of a plaque.[666]
In June, the government of Canada announced official donations on behalf of the royal couple to mark their jubilee tour. The government announced contributions ofCA$15,000 to Conservation Corps Newfoundland and Labrador,CA$15,000 to Start2Finish Canada,CA$15,000 to Aboriginal Sport Circle of the Northwest Territories, andCA$25,000 to United Way Northwest Territories.[669] The Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador, Andrew Furey, announced a $10,000 legacy gift to theEast Coast Trail Association in commemoration of the royal tour.[670]
From 20 to 22 June 2022, the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar visited Cyprus. They were received by PresidentNicos Anastasiades, and attended a reception hosted by the British High Commissioner to Cyprus to mark the jubilee.[671] Highlights of the tour included a reception at thePresidential Palace and a visit to theUN Buffer Zone in Cyprus to recognise the UK's contributions toUNFICYP.[671] The Countess met women and young people and learned about their contributions in Cyprus by being a member of projects such as the Women Mediators Across the Commonwealth network or the UN andBritish Council 'Young Leaders in Action' programme. The Earl met students who had taken part in the Duke of Edinburgh's Award.[671]
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| Royal visit to Gibraltar for Platinum Jubilee Source:Gibraltar Chronicle. |
The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar visited Gibraltar from 7 to 9 June.[672] Upon their arrival, the couple were greeted by SirDavid Steel, the governor, andFabian Picardo, the chief minister and received a military welcome by a Guard of Honour formed of theRoyal Gibraltar Regiment.[673] They also met with volunteers from various charities and held audiences with theDuke of Edinburgh's International Award participants.[674] Among other places visited by the couple were theMoorish Castle Estate, theUniversity of Gibraltar, andSandy Bay.[674] The trip also featured a special Queen's Birthday Parade nearGrand Casemates Square on 9 June.[673]
The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar were set to visitGrenada in April.[645] However, after talks with the island's government and governor general, the tour was postponed and the couple expressed their hopes to visit the country on a later date.[675] It was reported that representatives of Grenada's National Reparations Committee had planned to meet the couple and discuss Britain and the royal family's past links to slavery in the region.[676]
The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar visitedGuernsey,Alderney andSark, from 9 to 10 May, to markLiberation Day as well as the jubilee.[677] They first visited the Liberation Tea Dance at Beau Séjour, and later travelled toCastle Cornet for an Ecumenical Service, and delivered a message from the Queen, before watching a special performance of 'Sarnia Cherie' by the Guernsey Music Service Youth Choir. They later watched the Liberation Day Cavalcade as it travelled around the Model Yacht Pond. The next day, they visited Forest Primary School in Guernsey, to see preparations for their celebrations, where they also met the winner of the Guernsey platinum jubilee flag competition.[678] In Alderney, they visited Victoria Street, St Anne, and theAlderney Wildlife Trust (AWT). At Island Hall, they attended a reception, and later at the Roman Fort heritage site at Longis, they formally broke ground for the forthcoming platinum jubilee Archaeological Dig. They later boarded the Channel Islands'only train service, at the Arsenal.[678] In Sark, they presented emergency service personnel with Platinum Jubilee medals, and also met Sark's occupation generation in the Island Hall, where the Earl presented a message from the Queen.[678]
The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall visited theRepublic of Ireland from 24 to 25 March.[645] InCounty Waterford, the couple visited Waterford city centre, met with members of the Ukrainian community, toured a selection of museums and learned about the history ofReginald's Tower.[679] InCounty Tipperary, they toured a farmers market inCahir, and visitedCahir Castle and theRock of Cashel.[680]
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge toured Jamaica from 22 to 24 March,[645][681][652] on behalf of theQueen of Jamaica.[682] They joined young football players inTrench Town and celebrated the legacy ofBob Marley and other Jamaican musicians. At the Shortwood Teachers' College, they met students training to become early childhood education practitioners. AtSpanish Town Hospital, they met frontline workers and, later, interacted with members of theJamaica Defence Force at Flankers, nearMontego Bay.[659] A demonstration by the Advocates Network, a human rights coalition of Jamaican activists and equalities organisations, took place near the British High Commission inKingston to ask for an apology and compensation fromthe Crown forchattel slavery.[683]
The Duke and Duchess were received by thePrime Minister,Andrew Holness.[684] At the dinner hosted by the Governor-General atKing's House, the Duke expressed his "profound sorrow" over slavery, adding that it "should never have happened" and "forever stains our history".[685]
On their final day in Jamaica, the couple attended the inaugural Commissioning Parade for service personnel from across the Caribbean who had recently completed the Caribbean Military Academy's Officer Training Programme.[659] The tour was estimated to have cost JMD $8 million.[686]
The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar visited Jersey from 8 to 9 May to markLiberation Day as well as the jubilee.[687] AtGovernment House inSt Saviour, the Earl and Countess met members of the community and members of theCommonwealth Games Association Jersey,The Duke of Edinburgh's Award in Jersey and JerseyMencap. To commemorate the platinum jubilee, the couple unveiled theLe temps s'passes vite Platinum Jubilee Sundial. Later, at theRoyal Jersey Agricultural and Horticultural Society, the couple saw items related to theGerman Occupation.[678] The next day, the couple unveiled a plaque on Jersey's new official saluting gun battery in memory ofPrince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. At the Liberation Day event, the Earl read a message from the Queen. The couple then met members of the 'occupation generation'. The Earl and Countess later viewed the Liberation Day March Past, which comprised marching bands, serving military units, veterans and youth organisations.[678]
The Princess Royal visited the country from 11 to 13 April.[645] She and her husband Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Laurence were greeted byPrime MinisterJames Marape upon their arrival, who also hosted a dinner for the couple on the last day of their tour.[688] Among their engagements were visits to a Catholic boarding school,St John Ambulance PNG, theBomana War Cemetery,Papua New Guinea National Museum and Art Gallery,Port Moresby General Hospital,Vabukori, andHanuabada.[689]
During the Princess's visit, the Minister for National Events,Justin Tkatchenko, said that the country won't make a transition to a republic, and Papua New Guinea is embracingits monarchy and "making it bigger and better than it was before".[690]
The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar arrived inSaint Lucia on 22 April.[645] They met Prime MinisterPhilip J. Pierre, and acting Governor-GeneralErrol Charles.[691] On 24 April, they attended a jubilee church service and visitedMorne Fortune.[692] On 27 April, they met locals inSoufrière.[693] They also toured a cocoa plantation and met representatives of female-led businesses before visitingSulphur Springs and having lunch with the prime minister.[693] They also watched a performance by young people at the Mini Stadium.[693] On 28 April, they wrapped up their tour by meeting pupils from six separate Saint Lucian schools.[694]
The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar visited Saint Vincent and the Grenadines on 23 April.[645] They were greeted by Governor-General DameSusan Dougan and Deputy Prime MinisterMontgomery Daniel.[695] The Countess met members of the La Gracia Dance Company and representatives from two local organisations that assist blind and partially sighted people.[695] The Earl met athletes who would take part in the2022 Commonwealth Games.[695] The couple also visited theSaint Vincent and the Grenadines Botanic Gardens, where they planted a tree.[695] During the visit, a small group gathered outside the Government House to protest the visit.[696]
In May 2022, jubilee-themed emojis and stickers were released on social media, includingTwitter andInstagram.[697][698][699]
Research intoGoogle Search's trend data found that the UK, US, Canada, and Australia were the global hotspots for the word "Jubilee" from 2 June to 5 June. During the jubilee central weekend, Canada saw 227,000 searches for the wordjubilee on Google, while over 200,000 were recorded in Australia. In the US, a total of 1.9 million searches for the wordjubilee were made on Google.[700]
The British slang abbreviation "Platty Joobs", coined by comedianKiell Smith-Bynoe,[701][702] also became a trend online for the Platinum Jubilee.[703]
On 8 September 2022, a few months after celebrating her Platinum Jubilee in the summer, the Queen died at Balmoral Castle in Scotland, aged 96. At the time of her death, the Queen had reigned for 70 years and 214 days, the longest of any monarch in British history. Her reign is the longest verifiable reign of any female sovereign, and is only second to that ofLouis XIV.[704]
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