 ThePirs module attached to theInternational Space Station. | |
| Module statistics | |
|---|---|
| COSPAR ID | 2001-041A |
| Launch date | 14 September 2001, 23:34:55UTC |
| Launch vehicle | Soyuz-U |
| Docked | |
| Docking withISS | |
| Docking port | Zvezda nadir |
| Docking date | 17 September 2001 01:05 UTC |
| Time docked | 19 years, 10 months and 9 days |
| Reentry | 26 July 2021, 14:51 UTC[1] |
| Mass | 3,580 kg (7,890 lb) |
| Length | 4.91 m (16.1 ft) |
| Diameter | 2.55 m (8 ft 4 in) |
| Pressurisedvolume | 13 m3 (460 cu ft) |
Pirs(Russian:Пирс, meaning "pier") – also calledStykovochny Otsek 1 (SO-1;Russian:Стыковочный отсек, "docking module") andDC-1 (Docking Compartment 1) – was a Russian module on theInternational Space Station (ISS).Pirs was launched on 14 September 2001, and was located on theZvezda module of the station. It provided the ISS with onedocking port forSoyuz andProgress spacecraft, and allowed egress and ingress forspacewalks bycosmonauts using RussianOrlan space suits.Pirs was docked toZvezda for almost 20 years, until 26 July 2021, when it was decommissioned and undocked byProgress MS-16 to make way for the newNauka module.
A second docking compartment,Stykovochniy Otsek 2 (SO-2), was planned with the same design. However, when the Russian segment of the ISS was redesigned in 2001, the new design no longer included the SO-2, and its construction was canceled.[2] After another change of plans the SO-2 module finally evolved into thePoisk module, which was added to the ISS in 2009.
ThePirs docking compartment had two primary functions: to provide a docking port for visiting Soyuz and Progress spacecraft and to serve as an airlock for Russian EVAs. The docking port could accommodate oneSoyuz-MS or oneProgress-MS spacecraft. Visiting spacecraft could deliver people and cargo to and from the space station. In addition, the Docking Compartment could transfer fuel from the fuel tanks of a docked Progress resupply vehicle to either the Zvezda Service Module's Integrated Propulsion System or theZarya Functional Cargo Block. It could also transfer propellant fromZvezda andZarya to the propulsion system of docked vehicles — Soyuz and Progress. The twoairlocks were designed to accommodatespacewalkingcosmonauts wearingRussianOrlan-Mspacesuits. ThePirs docking compartment was manufactured byRKK Energia. The Docking Compartment was similar to theMir Docking Module used on the earlierMir space station. The docking compartment's planned lifetime as part of the station was five years.
Pirs was launched on 14 September 2001, as ISS Assembly Mission 4R, on a RussianSoyuz-U launch vehicle, using a modifiedProgress spacecraft,Progress DC-1, as an upper stage. The 3,580 kg (7,890 lb)Pirs Docking Compartment was attached to thenadir (bottom, Earth-facing) port of theZvezda service module.
Pirs docked to the International Space Station on 17 September 2001, at 01:05 UTC, and was configured during three spacewalks by theExpedition 3 crew. TwoStrela cargo cranes were later added by theSTS-96 andSTS-101 missions, carried up onIntegrated Cargo Carriers and installed during EVAs.
On 14 July 2021, Roskosmos announced that members of the 65th expedition aboard the ISS, were preparing thePirs module for its departure on 23 July.
ThePirs module supported 52 spacewalks and served as a docking port for Russian Soyuz and Progress spacecraft ferrying crew and cargo to and from the space station. After nearly 20 years at the International Space Station, ISS, thePirs Docking Compartment, SO1, undocked from the nadir (Earth-facing) port of the Zvezda Service Module, SM, on 26 July 2021, at 13:55 Moscow Time (6:55 a.m. EDT) in the joint stack with the Progress MS-16 cargo ship. At the time, the spacecraft was orbiting the Earth over Eastern China and within communications range of Russian ground stations.
Within four minutes (13:59:00 Moscow Time, according to schedule), Progress MS-16 performed a short separation burn to increase distance from the ISS. The deorbiting maneuver was planned within around three hours aiming at the reentry of thePirs/Progress stack over the Pacific.
Progress MS-16 initiated braking maneuver as planned at 17:01 Moscow Time (10:01 a.m. EDT) and after a 1,057-second (17.6-minute) burn, the module/cargo ship duo reentered the dense atmosphere at 17:42 Moscow Time (10:42 a.m. EDT).
According to NASA, thePirs Docking Compartment spent 19 years, 313 days 9 hours 50 minutes and 45 seconds at the station and 19 years 315 days 15 hours 10 minutes and 47 seconds in flight.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.Components of theInternational Space Station | ||||||||||
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