Pierre Lambert (French pronunciation:[pjɛʁlɑ̃bɛʁ]; real namePierre Boussel[pjɛʁbusɛl]; June 9, 1920 – January 16, 2008) was aFrench Trotskyist leader, who for many years acted as the central leader of the FrenchCourant Communiste Internationaliste (CCI) which founded theParti des Travailleurs.
He was born inParis to a family ofRussianJewish immigrants. Lambert began his activity as aTrotskyist militant before theSecond World War when he was a member of theInternationalist Workers Party (POI) led byRaymond Molinier. After the war he continued his activism, as a member of the now united French section of theFourth International, theInternationalist Communist Party (PCI).
In the PCI he was known as a specialist intrade union matters. WhenMichel Pablo, the secretary of the Fourth International, raised the question ofentrismsui generis he eventually came to oppose this and helped to challenge Pablo within the French Section of the FI, backing the PCI leadership aroundMarcel Bleibtreu (also known as Pierre Favre).
Differences between Lambert and Bleibtreu forced the latter to leave the PCI. By this time, 1952, the PCI had split into two mutually hostile groups on the question of entrismsui generis and the associated perspective of hundreds of years ofdeformed workers states propagated by Pablo.
As leader of the PCI by 1954 Lambert forged an alliance with theSocialist Workers Party in the United States and others opposed to Pablo. Lambert lead the PCI to join with these anti-Pabloist fores to form theInternational Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI). This alliance would last for nearly a decade at which point the SWP (US) and its international faction fused with theInternational Secretariat of the Fourth International, within which Pablo was now marginalised, to form theUnited Secretariat of the Fourth International.
Lambert was left in 1963 to continue the ICFI in an alliance with theGerry Healy-ledSocialist Labour League, based in Britain. The much shrunken ICFI consisted at this point of the SLL, Lambert'sOrganisation Communiste Internationaliste (the PCI as rebranded in 1966) and smaller groups around Europe and Latin America, most notably thePOR in Bolivia led byGuillermo Lora and the Politica Obrera group in Argentina led byJorge Altamira. By the time of the ICFI's congress in 1966, pressures were building between the OCI (which thought the SLL to be "ultimatistic") and the SLL. In 1971 the OCI left the ICFI to form theOrganising Committee for the Reconstruction of the Fourth International and in 1973 and 1974 proposed discussions to the USFI. This was supported by the US SWP but the Nicaraguan Revolution intervened in 1979 and instead the OCRFI eventually united withNahuel Moreno's group to form the Parity Committee for the Reconstruction of the Fourth International. The parity commission failed, leaving Lambert's supporters organised in the Fourth International (ICR). In 1996 the Fourth International (ICR) reproclaimed the Fourth International and goes by that name since.
Under his real name of Pierre Boussel, Lambert was candidate at thepresidential election in 1988. He gathered 116,823 votes (0.39% of validly cast ballots).
Lambert died in Paris January 16, 2008.
