Piaseczno | |
|---|---|
 Plac Józefa Piłsudskiego (Józef Piłsudski Square) | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Piaseczno | |
| Coordinates:52°4′0″N21°1′0″E / 52.06667°N 21.01667°E /52.06667; 21.01667 | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship |  Masovian |
| County | Piaseczno |
| Gmina | Piaseczno |
| First mentioned | 13th century |
| Town rights | 1429 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Daniel Putkiewicz |
| Area | |
• Total | 16.33 km2 (6.31 sq mi) |
| Population (2017) | |
• Total | 47,660[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 05-500 |
| Area code | +48 22 |
| Car plates | WPI |
| Website | http://www.piaseczno.eu/ |
Piaseczno[pʲaˈsɛt͡ʂnɔ] ⓘ is a town in east-centralPoland with 47,660 inhabitants.[1] It is situated in theMasovian Voivodeship, within theWarsaw metropolitan area, just south ofWarsaw, approximately 16 kilometres (10 miles) south of its center. It is a residential area and a suburb of Warsaw. It is the capital city ofPiaseczno County.
The origins of the city date back to a 13th-century village, located on the route betweenWarsaw andCzersk. Its strategic position meant that the village grew quickly. On 5 November 1429 the town obtained acharter, and soon became a localmarket. A further charter was confirmed in 1461.[2]
In 1537 the town becameRoyal property and in the second half of the 16th century reached 1200 inhabitants based round thebrewing and transport industries.[2] Piaseczno was aroyal town of Poland, administratively located in theMasovian Voivodeship in theGreater Poland Province. However, the city suffered setbacks because of numerous fires in the late 16th and early 17th centuries but returned to its former glory in the first half of the 18th century.
During theKościuszko Uprising, on 9–10 July 1794, the Battle of Gołków was fought nearby between the Poles and the Russians, and then the town was burned by the Russians. Only a church and a few houses survived.
From 1806 to 1807 aFrenchcavalry unit was stationed in the town as part of theNapoleonic wars, and from 1808 to 1811 this was replaced by the Polish 1st Regiment mounted rifles. TheCongress of Vienna, saw the area ceded toRussia in 1815.
In 1825 the road from Warsaw and shortly afterward the railway improved links to Warsaw. As a result, Piaseczno experienced a period of economic recovery. Local Poles took part in the largeJanuary Uprising of 1863–1864. On June 15, 1864, a clash between Polish insurgents and Russian troops took place near Piaseczno.[3]
In 1890, CountessCecylia Plater-Zyberk bought the Chyliczki estate with the Poniatówka manor house, where she settled.[4] The following year she established a nationally renowned school for girls, where women from low-income families could also receive an education.[4]
In September and October 1914 Piaseczno was the site of fierce fighting betweenGerman andRussian forces in the battle for Warsaw. In May 1917, the new City Council held its first council meeting. In November 1918, German gendarmerie surrendered to local Poles and the town was restored to Poland, which just regained independence. In theinterbellum Piaseczno formed part of the PolishWarsaw Voivodeship.
On June 4, 1928,Polish PresidentIgnacy Mościcki laid the cornerstone for the folk house and in 1933MarshalJózef Piłsudski was made an honorary citizen of the city.
World War II began for the city on 9 and 10 September 1939, when the Polish 54light artilleryregiment fought askirmish with a Germanarmored division. On September 10, 1939, German troops committeda massacre of 21Polish prisoners of war in the town (see alsoNazi crimes against the Polish nation).[5] Afterwards, the Germans terrorized the population, and Poles over the age of 14 were subjected toforced labour.[6] Additionally, around 400 people were captured inroundups and deported to forced labour in Germany.[6] The Germans also committed massacres of Poles in nearby forests as part of theAB-Aktion.[6]
In 1940, during the NaziOccupation of Poland,German authorities established aJewish ghetto in Piaseczno (thePiaseczno Ghetto [pl]),[7] in order to confine itsJewish population for the purpose of persecution and exploitation.[8] The ghetto was liquidated in January 1941, when all its 2,500 inhabitants were transported in cattle trucks to theWarsaw Ghetto, the largest ghetto in all of Nazi occupied Europe with over 400,000 Jews crammed into an area of 1.3 square miles (3.4 km2). From there, most victims were sent toTreblinka extermination camp.[9][10][11][12]
ThePolish resistance was active,secret Polish education was organized, and the present-day district ofZalesie Dolne was the location of secret meetings of both the command of theGrey Ranks and the Education Department of theGovernment Delegation for Poland.[13]
In 1944, local Poles supported the PolishWarsaw Uprising, which took place in nearby Warsaw, and some were killed by the Germans in revenge.[14] During the uprising, the occupiers perpetrated two massacres of Poles within the present-day town limits, killing over 50 people.[15][16] From August 1944, a secret Polish hospital for wounded insurgents from Warsaw operated in the town.[14] Many Poles fled from the Germans from Warsaw to Piaseczno, and were sheltered by the local population.[17] After the uprising, in October 1944, the German army surrounded Piaseczno and caught some 1,000 Polish refugees from Warsaw.[17] TheGerman occupation ended on January 17, 1945, when the Polish1st Warsaw Armoured Brigade entered the town without a fight.
.jpg)
In 1952, town limits were expanded by including the settlements ofOrężna,Zalesie Dolne and Zalesinek as new neighbourhoods.[18][19]
The originalTown Hall was burned down in 1655 by theSwedes duringthe Deluge. The second accidentally burned down in 1730. A third Town Hall was constructed in the middle of the 18th century but was burned down during theKościuszko Uprising in 1794. In 1815 the rebuilding was initiated and the current Town hall was built in aclassical style between 1823 and 1824.
For some time the town of Piaseczno had a diverse religious community.
As stated above, the Jewish community was deported by the German occupiers to theWarsaw Ghetto in 1940.
Piaseczno was the seat of a Hasidic dynasty founded byRabbi Kalonymus Kalman Shapiro, currently maintained by his extended family in Israel.
.jpg)
Piaseczno istwinned with:
Upplands Vasby, Sweden
Harku Parish, Estonia
Zviahel, Ukraine
Guadix, Spain{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
| Seat |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Urban-rural gminas | ||
| Rural gminas | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
