Phra Nakhon พระนคร | |
|---|---|
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 Seal | |
 District location inBangkok | |
| Coordinates:13°45′52″N100°29′57″E / 13.76444°N 100.49917°E /13.76444; 100.49917 | |
| Country | Thailand |
| Province | Bangkok |
| Seat | Wat Sam Phraya |
| Khwaeng | 12 |
| Area | |
• Total | 5.536 km2 (2.137 sq mi) |
| Population (2017) | |
• Total | 51,231[1] |
| • Density | 9,254.15/km2 (23,968.1/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Postal code | 10200 |
| Geocode | 1001 |
Phra Nakhon (Thai:พระนคร,pronounced[pʰráʔná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn]) is one of the50 districts (khet) ofBangkok,Thailand. It is the central district of Bangkok, includingRattanakosin Island. Neighboring districts are, from the north, clockwise:Dusit,Pom Prap Sattru Phai,Samphanthawong, and across theChao Phraya River,Thon Buri,Bangkok Yai,Bangkok Noi, andBang Phlat.
The district is bounded by the Chao Phraya River to the west,Khlong Phadung Krung Kasem in the north, andRatchadamnoen Road andKhlong Ong Ang to the east. The center of Bangkok, marked by thecity pillar shrine (lak mueang), is in the district. Also surrounding the large open space of theSanam Luang are theGrand Palace andWat Phra Kaew, theNational Museum in the former palace of theVice King, and the main campus ofThammasat University as well asSilpakorn University.
Other significant landmarks in the district includeWat Pho, theGiant Swing,Wat Suthat,Wat Ratchanadda (with Loha Prasat), and theDemocracy Monument. Also the well-knownKhaosan Road is in the district. Another significant temple isWat Bowonniwet, where several Thai kings were ordained as monks.
Of the original14 forts protecting Bangkok only two survive. Fort Phra Sumen in the northern corner of the district, and Fort Mahakan in the east. Since 2000 a small park namedSantichaiphrakarn around Fort Phra Sumen was built.
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In 2005 the riverfront of the Phra Nakhon District, fromKing Rama I Bridge (Memorial Bridge) in the south to the Wasukri Pier (Dusit district), was submitted to theUNESCO for consideration as a futureworld heritage site.
Another landmark isSala Chalermkrung Royal Theatre onCharoen Krung Road. It is Bangkok's oldestcinema and was the firstair conditioned theater in Thailand. Built at the order of KingPrajadhipok and named by him, it opened on 2 July 1933. It is the only theater from the first "golden age" ofThai cinema still standing. No longer regularly showing movies, the theater has been renovated and is principally used forThai dance performances.[2] Another point of interest is thePak Khlong Talat flower market.Tha Phra Chan is a well-knownThai amulets market.
The area aroundPhahurat Road (พาหุรัด) can be considered Thailand's"Little India". The road was constructed during KingChulalongkorn's reign over a century ago and Indian community started to form after that. Siri Guru Singh Sabha, Thailand's firstSikh temple was built in 1933 near the road. The area is well known for Indian fabric shops and Indian cuisine.
Phra Nakhon was once anamphoe (district) named Chana Songkhram (อำเภอชนะสงคราม). The administration was overhauled on 15 October 1915 when 25 new districts were created for inner Bangkok. On 12 March 1928, six of these districts: Phahurat, Samran Rat, Phra Ratchawang, Chana Songkhram, Sam Yot, and Bang Khun Phrom were merged to form Amphoe Phra Nakhon. It became Khet (district) Phra Nakhon in 1972.
Songkran, the traditionalThai New Year festival, is celebrated throughout the country from 13 to 15 April of each year.Khaosan Road (or Khao Sarn Road) in Phra Nakhon district is a notable place to celebrate the event where many people, both locals and tourists, splash water.
During another famous festival,Loy Krathong, on the 15th day of the 12th lunar month, the Chao Phraya River bank in the district, with numerous piers and Phra Sumen Fort, is a popular place to float lanterns on the water.
Ratchadamnoen Avenue is often heavily decorated with lights around the king's birthday (28 July), the queen mother's birthday (12 August), National Day (5 December) and other major anniversaries.Sanam Luang and recently created Lan Plabpla Maha Chedsada Bodin (ลานพลับพลามหาเจษฎาบดินทร์) in front ofWat Ratchanadda and itsLoha Prasat are open spaces that frequently used to celebrate events.
The district is divided into 12 sub-districts (khwaeng).
| 1. | Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang | พระบรมมหาราชวัง | 7. | Bowon Niwet | บวรนิเวศ | ||
| 2. | Wang Burapha Phirom | วังบูรพาภิรมย์ | 8. | Talat Yot | ตลาดยอด | ||
| 3. | Wat Ratchabophit | วัดราชบพิธ | 9. | Chana Songkhram | ชนะสงคราม | ||
| 4. | Samran Rat | สำราญราษฎร์ | 10. | Ban Phan Thom | บ้านพานถม | ||
| 5. | San Chaopho Suea | ศาลเจ้าพ่อเสือ | 11. | Bang Khun Phrom | บางขุนพรหม | ||
| 6. | Sao Chingcha | เสาชิงช้า | 12. | Wat Sam Phraya | วัดสามพระยา |
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