| Philip | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) Portrait byFrancesco Carlo Rusca, 1745 | |||||
| Duke of Parma, Piacenza andGuastalla | |||||
| Reign | 18 October 1748 – 18 July 1765 | ||||
| Predecessor | Maria Theresa (Parma and Piacenza) Giuseppe Maria Gonzaga (Guastalla) | ||||
| Successor | Ferdinand | ||||
| Born | (1720-03-15)15 March 1720 Royal Alcazar,Madrid,Spain | ||||
| Died | 18 July 1765(1765-07-18) (aged 45) Alessandria,Kingdom of Sardinia | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | |||||
| |||||
| House | Bourbon-Parma (founder) | ||||
| Father | Philip V of Spain | ||||
| Mother | Elisabeth Farnese | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
| Signature |  | ||||
Philip (Spanish:Felipe,Italian:Filippo; 15 March 1720 – 18 July 1765) wasDuke of Parma from 18 October 1748 until his death in 1765. ASpanish infante by birth, he was born in Madrid as the second son ofKing Philip V andQueen Elisabeth. He became Duke of Parma as a result of the1748 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Theduchy had earlier been ruled by Philip's elder brother, the futureCharles III of Spain, and bytheir maternal ancestors. Philip founded theHouse of Bourbon-Parma, a cadet line of theHouse of Bourbon. He was a first cousin and son-in-law of the French kingLouis XV.
Born at theRoyal Alcazar inMadrid asFelipe de Borbón y Farnesio, he was the third child and second son ofPhilip V of Spain and his wife,Elisabeth Farnese.
He was raised inMadrid and as a child showed more interest inart than inpolitics. He was also the 12thCount of Chinchón andGrandee of Spain First Class with acoat of arms of Bourbon after the alienation with royal authorization in 1738 of the 11th Count of Chinchón, Don Jose Sforza-Cesarini, Duke ofCanzano, a title he later ceded to his brotherLouis in 1754.
His mother came from the family ofFarnese, which had ruled theDuchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla for many generations. The duchy had been ruled between 1731 and 1736 by his elder brotherCharles, but was exchanged withAustria for TheTwo Sicilies after theWar of Polish Succession. Twelve years later, in theTreaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748), Austria lost the duchy and Philip became the new duke, founding theHouse of Bourbon-Parma.
As part of theSecond Treaty of Versailles (1757) between Austria and France, it was intended that Philip would become king of theSouthern Netherlands in a deal that would see French troops occupy key positions in the country – however this arrangement was repudiated by the subsequentThird Treaty of Versailles and Philip continued in Parma.
The Duchy of Parma was ruined by many years of warfare, and in 1759 Philip named the ableFrenchmanGuillaume du Tillot as hisminister to restore theeconomy. Philip was anenlightened ruler who stimulatededucation andphilosophy, attracting personalities likeÉtienne Bonnot de Condillac andAlexandre Deleyre.
.jpg)
Philip married his first cousin once removedPrincess Louise Élisabeth of France inAlcalá de Henares, Spain on 25 October 1739. They had three children.
Their marriage was an unhappy one, and Louise Elisabeth died ofsmallpox at the age of 32 in 1759. Philip died unexpectedly on 18 July 1765 inAlessandria,Sardinia, after having accompanied his daughter Maria Luisa on her way toGenoa, where she sailed for Spain to marry Infante Charles. Through Philip's daughter Maria Luisa, he is an ancestor of theBourbons of Spain, the Bourbons of theTwo Sicilies, and theHouse of Orléans.
France: Knight of theOrder of the Holy Spirit (22 March 1736)![Coat of arms as Infante of Spain[2]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aCoat_of_Philip%2c_Duke_of_Parma_as_Spanish_Infante.svg)
![Coat of arms as Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla[3]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aDucal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Parma_(1748-1802).svg)
Philip, Duke of Parma Cadet branch of theHouse of Bourbon Born: 15 March 1720 Died: 18 July 1765 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla 1748–1765 | Succeeded by |
| Spanish nobility | ||
| Preceded by | Count of Chinchón 1738–1754 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Duke of Canzano 1748–1765 | Succeeded by |
| |
