| Petrović-Njegoš Петровић-Његош | |
|---|---|
| Royal house | |
.svg) | |
| Country | Montenegro |
| Founded | 1697; 328 years ago (1697) |
| Founder | Prince-Bishop Danilo I |
| Current head | Prince Nicholas |
| Final ruler | King Nicholas I |
| Titles | |
| Style(s) |
|
| Estate | Cetinje Royal Palace |
| Deposition | 1918 (1918) |
TheHouse of Petrović-Njegoš (Serbian Cyrillic:Петровић-Његош,pl.Petrović-Njegoši /Петровић-Његоши) is an oldSerbian noble family[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] that ruledMontenegro from 1697 to 1918.
"Bogut" or "Boguta" is believed to be the oldest known ancestor of the Petrović-Njegoš family.[8] Bogut was alive at the time of theBattle of Velbazhd (1330) and the building ofVisoki Dečani,[9] and perhaps into the 1340s.[8] According to tradition, and recorded by some historians, the ancestors of the Petrović family settled in Muževice at the end of the 14th century, from the Bosnia region, from the area ofZenica orTravnik.[10] It is possible that Bogut at that time had moved toDrobnjaci with his son,Đurađ Bogutović.[11] Đurađ or some of his sons were in the entourage of Marko Drago, an affluentSerbian nobleman who had served Serbian lordVuk Branković (1345-1397), and as such they are believed to have also served theBranković family.[12] Đurađ and his five sons "from Drobnjaci" are mentioned in a document dating March 1, 1399,[11] in which they gave several items to the depository of Dapko Vasilijev, an affluentKotoran nobleman.[13]
Montenegro was ruled from its inception byvladikas (prince-bishops) since 1516, who had a dual temporal and spiritual role, subordinate to theSerbian Patriarchate of Peć until its dissolution in 1766.[14] In 1697, the office was made hereditary in the Petrović-Njegoš family.[15] However, since Orthodox bishops are required to becelibate, the crown passed from uncle to nephew. In 1852, Prince-Bishop Danilo II opted to marry and tosecularize Montenegro, becoming PrinceDanilo I.[15][16] His successor,Nikola I, raised Montenegro to a kingdom in 1910.[17]
In 1916, King Nikola I was ousted by theinvasion andoccupation of his country byAustria-Hungary, duringWorld War I. He was formally deposed by thePodgorica Assembly in 1918 and the country merged withKingdom of Serbia and shortly thereafter merged again with theState of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs to form theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.[18]
A period of eighty years of control fromBelgrade followed, during which time Nikola I died in exile in France in 1921, followed shortly afterwards by the surprise abdication of his son and heir,Danilo III, the same year.[19] The latter's nephew,Michael Petrović-Njegoš, inherited the titles of his predecessors whilst in exile in France. After a titular 11-year "reign" under the regency of one of his grandfather's generals,Anto Gvozdenović, Michael gave up his claim to the throne and swore allegiance to Yugoslavia.[20] He survived arrest and internment by order ofAdolf Hitler for refusing to head up a puppet Montenegrin state aligned to theAxis powers. Later, he served theSFR Yugoslavia as Head of Protocol.[19] He was succeeded by his sonNicholas Petrović-Njegoš in 1986.[21] In 2006, Montenegro went on to achieve full sovereignty in the2006 independence referendum.
In 2011, Montenegro recognized an official role for the Royal House of Petrović-Njegoš in Montenegro: to promote Montenegrin identity, culture and traditions through cultural, humanitarian and other non-political activities, which has been interpreted as a "creeping restoration" of the monarchy.[22][23]
The present head of the house isNicholas, Crown Prince of Montenegro.[24]
In July 2011, theParliament of Montenegro adopted theLaw on the Status of the Descendants of the Petrović Njegoš Dynasty.[25][26][27]The law allows descendants of the dynasty to use heraldic royal symbols and grants them land that belonged to the King. It grants them property and buildings inNjegusi andCetinje, the former capital city, as well as an apartment inPodgorica. It established the Petrovic-Njegos Foundation, which would receive financing from Montenegro’s state budget amounting to some €4 million.[28]
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| Picture | Title Name | Birth | Reign | Marriage(s) Issue | Death | Claim | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Prince-Bishop Danilo I | 1670 Njeguši,Montenegro | 1697 – 11 January 1735 (38 years, 0 days) | — | 11 January 1735 Podmaine Monastery,Venice (aged 80) | Elected by the Montenegrin Tribal Assembly | |
 | Prince-Bishop Sava II | 18 January 1702 Njeguši,Montenegro | 11 January 1735 – 9 March 1781 (46 years, 57 days) | — | 9 March 1781 Podmaine Monastery,Venice (aged 80) | First cousin ofDanilo I | Coruled withBasil III from 1750–1766. |
 | Prince-Bishop Basil III | 1709 Njeguši,Montenegro | 1750 – 10 March 1766 (16 years, 0 days) | — | 10 March 1766 St. Petersburg,Russian Empire (aged 56–57) | Nephew ofDanilo I | Co-ruled with Sava II |
| Out of power for 3 years, 218 days. | |||||||
 | Prince-Bishop Petar I | 1748 Njeguši,Montenegro | 13 October 1784 – 30 October 1830 (46 years, 17 days) | — | 30 October 1830 Cetinje,Montenegro (aged 81–82) | Elected by the Sinod. Grandnephew ofDanilo I | |
 | Prince-Bishop Petar II | 13 November 1813 Njeguši,Montenegro | 30 October 1830 – 31 October 1851 (21 years, 1 day) | — | 31 October 1851 Cetinje,Montenegro (aged 37) | The Will ofPetar I, his uncle. | |
 | Prince-Bishop; Prince Danilo II Danilo I | 25 May 1826 Njeguši,Montenegro | 31 October 1851 – 13 August 1860 (8 years, 287 days) | Darinka Kvekić 12 January 1855 1 daughter | 13 August 1860 Kotor,Austrian Empire (aged 34) | The Will ofPeter II, his uncle. | Assassinated in Kotor. |
 | Prince; King Nicholas I | 7 October 1841 Njeguši,Montenegro | 13 August 1860 – 26 November 1918 (58 years, 105 days) | Milena Vukotić 8 November 1860 12 children | 1 March 1921 Cap d'Antibes,French Republic (aged 79) | Nephew ofDanilo I | Exiled inJanuary 1916. Deposed by thePodgorica Assembly. |
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| Picture | Name | Birth | Reign | Marriage(s) Issue | Death | Claim |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicholas I | 7 October 1841 Njeguši,Montenegro | 26 November 1918 – 1 March 1921 (2 years, 95 days) | Milena Vukotić 8 November 1860 12 children | 1 March 1921 Cap d'Antibes,French Republic (aged 79) | Deposed king of Montenegro[29] |
 | Crown Prince Danilo | 29 June 1871 Cetinje,Montenegro | 1 March 1921 – 7 March 1921 (6 days) | Jutta of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 27 July 1899 No children | 24 September 1939 Vienna,Austria,Nazi Germany (aged 67) | Eldest son ofNicholas I andMilena Vukotić. |
 | Prince Michael | 14 September 1908 Podgorica,Montenegro | 7 March 1921 – 24 March 1986 (65 years, 17 days) | Geneviève Prigent 27 January 1941 – 11 April 1949 1 son | 24 March 1986 Paris, France (aged 77) | Nephew ofCrown Prince Danilo[29] |
.jpg) | Prince Nicholas | 7 July 1944 Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem, France (age 81) | 24 March 1986 – present (39 years, 248 days) | Francine Navarro 27 November 1976 – 6 August 2008 2 children[30][31] | Son ofPrince Michael and Geneviève Prigent |
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The list below includes male members of the Petrović-Njegoš dynasty.Bold denotes the current head of the House.
King Nicholas I (1841–1921)
Crown Prince Danilo (1872–1939)Prince Michael (1908–1986)Prince Nicholas (born 1944)Odakle su preci Petrovića doselili u Muževice i u koje vrijeme nije dovoljno rasvijetljeno. Prema tradiciji, a i zapisima nekih istoričara, doselili su iz Bosne, iz okoline Zenice, ili Travnika i da su u Drobnjake doselili, kako navodi Kovijanić, krajem 14. vijeka.
Kovijanić je u kotorskom sudsko-notarskim spisima pronašao i prepisao sljedeće:Od Đurđa Bogutovića iz Drobnjaka i njegovih sinova Vukca, Radina, Heraka, Pribila i Ostoje primio je 1. marta 1399. godine Dapko Vasilijev, ugledni i imućni kotorski vlastelin u depozit ove stvari: šest srebrnih pojaseva, zavijenih u šest marama, težine 19 i po funti, dvije tacne sa izvjesnim srebrnim pucadima, težine pet unči, takođe dvije kutije perla sa svitom i sa četiri puceta perla, težine u svemu 10 unči
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