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Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg (13 November 1904 – 8 August 1944) was aGermanjurist and a member of theGerman Resistance againstNazism.[1] He studied law and politics in Bonn and Breslau from 1923 to 1926, gaining his doctorate in Breslau in 1927 and passing the civil service entrance examination for lawyers in Berlin in 1930.[2] He marriedMarion Winter that same year.
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After working as a lawyer, a legal consultant for theOsthilfe government program reducing agricultural debt in East Prussia, and for the municipal government in Breslau, Yorck served on the Reich Price Commission in Berlin from 1936 to 1941 as the department head responsible for fundamental issues. He refused to join theNSDAP and was thus no longer promoted from 1938 on.[3] He first became involved in the resistance in 1938, working in close collaboration with his friends Fritz-Dietlof Graf von der Schulenburg and Ulrich-Wilhelm Graf von Schwerin von Schwanenfeld. After theKristallnachtpogroms of 9–10 November 1938, he set up a discussion group on the principles of a new Reich constitution.
He was called up as a reserve officer on the outbreak of war, transferring to an administrative post (Wirtschaftsstab Ost) assigned to the Armed Forces High Command in Berlin in 1942. In January 1940, he began to work closely withHelmuth James Graf von Moltke, with whom he initiated and led the discussions of theKreisau Circle, which met very often at Yorck’s home in Berlin-Lichterfelde. Yorck, who took part in all three of the circle’s conferences in Kreisau, supported a coup attempt to be launched with an assassination, unlike his friend Moltke.
WhenClaus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg began to speed up preparations for the coup in Berlin in September 1943, he and Yorck came into close contact. Designated as an undersecretary of state for a future Reich Chancellor, Yorck remained in the innermost circle of the conspirators until the very end. After the failed coup attempt, Yorck was arrested in theBendlerblock in Berlin in the late evening of 20 July 1944, sentenced to death by thePeople’s Court on 8 August 1944, and executed the same day in Berlin-Plötzensee.
"Dearly beloved child of my heart, we are probably standing at the end of our beautiful and rich life together. Because tomorrow the People's Court intends to stand in judgment on me and others. I hear that we have been expelled from the army. They can take the uniform from us, but not the spirit in which we acted. And in that I feel united with our fathers and brothers and comrades. The fact thatGod ordained what has happened is part of his fathomless decrees, which I humbly accept. I believe myself to be pure in heart, yet driven by the feeling of guilt that weighs on all of us. I therefore confidently hope that I find a merciful judge in God."[4][5]
