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Apentapolis (fromGreekπεντα-penta-, 'five' andπόλιςpolis, 'city') is a geographic and/or institutional grouping of five cities. Cities in the ancient world probably formed such groups for political, commercial and military reasons, as happened later with theCinque Ports in England.

• ThePhilistine Pentapolis:Gaza,Ashdod,Ashkelon,Ekron, andGath, all combined to makePhilistia.
• In the biblicalHoly Land,Genesis 14 describes the region where five cities—Sodom,Gomorrah,Zoara,Admah andZeboim—united to resist the invasion ofChedorlaomer, and of which four were shortly after destroyed.^[1]
• The Doric—orDorian Pentapolis:Kos, on the island of the same name in the Aegean Sea;Knidos, inCaria on the west coast of Asia Minor;Lindus,Ialysus andCamirus, all three on Rhodes.
• ThePhrygian Pentapolis:Eukarpia,Hierapolis,Otrus,Bruzus, andStectorium.
• The Pontic Pentapolis:Apollonia,Callatis,Mesembria,Odessos, andTomis, all on theBlack Sea.
• The Western Pentapolis ofCyrenaica: five main Greek colonies that came to be in the Roman province ofLibya Superior, the western part of Cyrenaica until Diocletian'sTetrarchy reform in AD 296 (now Libya).^[2] The most important wasCyrene and its portApollonia,Ptolemais (the next capital after Cyrene's destruction by an earthquake), port ofBarca (the later Arab provincial capital Barka), Teucheira (modernTocra) and Berenice (modernBenghazi); also known as thePentapolis inferior ("lower pentapolis"'). This is the Pentapolis that is referenced in the official title of theGreek Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria and thePope of the Coptic Orthodox Church.
• In Italy there were:
  • an early pentapolis including:Ravenna,Forlì,Forlimpopoli,Classe,Caesarea.
  • a later, medievalDuchy of the Pentapolis on the Adriatic coast east ofTuscany and north of the duchy ofSpoleto, including the port cities (North to South) ofRimini,Pesaro,Fano,Sinigaglia andAncona.^[3] It was part of the core of the ByzantineExarchate of Ravenna. Later, after the fall of the Exarchate, it was transformed into theMarch of Ancona
• TheCinque Ports in England—the five beingHastings,New Romney,Hythe,Dover, andSandwich.

• TheCinque Terre are five rustic coastal towns inLiguria that are now organized into theCinque Terre National Park, aUNESCOWorld Heritage Site.

• TheNational Capital Region (NCR) consists of five cities, namely,Delhi,Gurgaon,Ghaziabad,Noida andFaridabad.

• TheFive Towns, on the southwestern shore ofNew York'sLong Island region, is a group of towns comprising the villages ofLawrence andCedarhurst, the hamlets ofWoodmere andInwood, and "The Hewletts", which consist of the villages ofHewlett Bay Park,Hewlett Harbor andHewlett Neck and the hamlet ofHewlett.^[4]
• TheFive Boroughs of New York City, which were separately governed city-counties until the 1874 and 1898 annexations.
• TheQuad Cities of Iowa and Illinois (so named before the fifth city,Bettendorf, Iowa, grew in the mid-20th century) that share cultural institutions and infrastructure.
• Locally known as "The Five Cities" inSan Luis Obispo County, California areArroyo Grande,Pismo Beach, Shell Beach,Grover Beach, andOceano.

• There are fiveqsur "walled villages" (ksour) located on rocky outcrops along theOued Mzab collectively known asthe Pentapolis, founded between 1012 and 1350.^[5] They are:Ghardaïa (Tagherdayt), the principal settlement today;Beni Isguen (At Isjen);Melika (At Mlishet);Bounoura (At Bunur); andEl Atteuf (Tajnint), the oldest of the five settlements.^[6] Adding the more recent settlements ofBérianne andEl Guerrara, theMzab Heptapolis is completed.

• Pentapolis (North Africa)
• Monopoli (meaning only city)
• Tripolis (meaning three cities)
• Tetrapolis (meaning four cities)
• Doric Hexapolis (meaning six Doric cities in the eastern Aegean)
• Heptapolis (meaning seven cities)
• Decapolis (meaning ten cities)

• WestermannGroßer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte ('Great Atlas of World History', in German)

• 5 (number)
• Greek words and phrases
• Urban geography

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