 Pennsylvania Route 3 | ||||
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| Route information | ||||
| Maintained byPennDOT,Borough of West Chester, andCity of Philadelphia | ||||
| Length | 24.326 mi[1] (39.149 km) | |||
| Existed | 1937[2]–present | |||
| Major junctions | ||||
| West end | ||||
| Major intersections |
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| East end |  PA 611 in Philadelphia | |||
| Location | ||||
| Country | United States | |||
| State | Pennsylvania | |||
| Counties | Chester,Delaware,Philadelphia | |||
| Highway system | ||||
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Pennsylvania Route 3 (PA 3) is a 24.3-mile (39.1 km)state highway located in the southeastern portion ofPennsylvania. The route runs fromU.S. Route 322 Business (US 322 Bus.) inWest Chester east toPA 611 (Broad Street) inPhiladelphia.
The route begins in downtown West Chester and heads east out of the borough as aone-way pair of streets. Between West Chester andUpper Darby, PA 3 follows a four-lanedivided highway namedWest Chester Pike through suburban areas. Along this stretch, the route passes throughEdgmont,Newtown Square,Broomall, andHavertown. The route has an interchange withInterstate 476 (I-476) between Broomall and Havertown. Upon reaching Upper Darby, PA 3 heads into Philadelphia alongMarket Street. In Philadelphia, the route follows multiple one-way pairs, running alongChestnut Street eastbound andWalnut Street westbound inWest Philadelphia before heading intoCenter City Philadelphia along Market Street eastbound andJohn F. Kennedy Boulevard westbound and ending atPhiladelphia City Hall.
Philadelphia and West Chester were linked by a dirt road dating back to 1793. ThePhiladelphia and West Chester Turnpike Company was created to build atoll road between the two places in 1848. The turnpike was built as aplank road between Philadelphia and Newtown Square in the 1850s before becoming a stone road in the 1880s. A horse-drawn rail line was built along part of the turnpike in the 1850s and atrolley service was introduced in the 1890s. The state took over the West Chester Pike in 1918. In 1927, the route was designated as part ofPA 5.
PA 3 replaced the PA 5 designation between West Chester and Philadelphia in 1937. Trolley service was replaced by buses in the 1950s to allow for the widening of PA 3 between West Chester and Philadelphia to four lanes. By 1960, PA 3 was shifted to end atUS 13 inSouthwest Philadelphia. The routing was shifted to US 13 west ofUniversity City by 1970 before the route was extended east to Philadelphia City Hall during the 1970s.
PA 3 begins at an intersection withUS 322 Bus. (High Street) in the downtown area of the borough ofWest Chester inChester County near the historicChester County Courthouse. From here, the route heads northeast on theone-way pair of East Market Street eastbound and East Chestnut Street westbound. The one-way streets carry two lanes in each direction as they pass downtown businesses. At the intersection with Matlack Street, the westbound direction of PA 3 shifts from East Chestnut Street to East Gay Street. The route continues to follow East Market Street eastbound and East Gay Street westbound through commercial areas, passing north of the terminus of theWest Chester Railroad at theWest Chester station along East Market Street. PA 3 leaves West Chester forWest Goshen Township and intersects Montgomery Avenue (westbound only) and Garfield Avenue/Westtown Road before it comes to an eastbound exit and westbound entrance with Paoli Pike. At this point, both directions of the route join and head east along four-lanedivided West Chester Pike, passing through residential areas in the community ofChatwood. PA 3 comes to apartial cloverleaf interchange with theUS 202/US 322 freeway and runs past businesses and some homes. The road curves east-southeast at theStrasburg Road intersection and crosses intoEast Goshen Township, where it continues past suburban neighborhoods and commercial establishments, crossing theEast Branch Chester Creek and passing through the community ofGoshen. PA 3 entersWesttown Township and reaches an intersection withPA 352, forming a shortconcurrency with that route before PA 352 splits to the southeast. The road heads east through wooded areas with residential subdivisions as it continues intoWillistown Township. The route intersects the eastern terminus ofPA 926 and curves east-northeast through a mix of fields and woodland with some homes, crossing theRidley Creek before coming to a junction with Delchester Road.[3][4]
PA 3 entersEdgmont Township inDelaware County as it passes to the north ofRidley Creek State Park. The road continues east with some homes and businesses, intersecting Providence Road. After passing to the south of a shopping center, the route crossesCrum Creek intoNewtown Township and heads south of the Delaware County Veterans Memorial, running past a mix of fields and development. PA 3 curves east at the Boot Road intersection and passes between a business campus that includesSAP's North America headquarters to the north and a residential neighborhood to the south. The road heads into business areas and reaches intersections with Bishop Hollow Road andPA 252 in the community ofNewtown Square. Following the PA 252 intersection, the route continues east through a mix of suburban residential and commercial areas. At the Media Line Road junction, PA 3 crosses intoMarple Township and soon intersects Springfield Road. The road passes more homes and businesses and comes to a junction withPA 320 in the community ofBroomall. The route continues near suburban neighborhoods with some businesses before it reaches a partial cloverleaf interchange withI-476.[3][5]
Past the I-476 interchange, PA 3 intersects Lawrence Road and crosses theDarby Creek intoHaverford Township, where another section of Lawrence Road splits to the north. The road continues east past homes and businesses as it passes through the community ofHavertown, reaching a junction withEagle Road. PA 3 has an intersection with Manoa Road as it passes to the north of theLlanerch Country Club, continuing through suburban development. Farther east, the route crossesNaylors Run and heads into the community ofLlanerch, where it intersectsDarby Road a short distance before coming to a junction withUS 1. After crossing US 1, PA 3 entersUpper Darby Township and continues past suburban businesses and homes. The road crosses State Road and heads into more urban areas of residential and commercial development. A set ofSEPTA trolley tracks begins running in the median before the route comes to Terminal Square, where it crosses SEPTA'sMedia–Sharon Hill Line at-grade and intersects Victory Avenue/Garrett Road. Past this, PA 3 heads east on four-lane undividedMarket Street as it passes between SEPTA's69th Street Transportation Center to the north and urban businesses to the south, gaining a median before the 69th Street intersection. The route becomes undivided again and runs past more commercial development, forming the border between the borough ofMillbourne to the north and Upper Darby Township to the south. PA 3 heads past some homes before turning into a divided highway at the eastern edge of Millbourne as SEPTA'sMarket–Frankford Line rises to pass over the road.[3][5]
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PA 3 crosses theCobbs Creek into the city ofPhiladelphia inPhiladelphia County, where it immediately splits from Market Street by turning south onto Cobbs Creek Parkway at the63rd Street station on the Market–Frankford Line. The route follows four-lane undivided Cobbs Creek Parkway between woods along the creek to the west and urban development to the east before it splits east onto a one-way pair. The eastbound direction of PA 3 followsChestnut Street while the westbound direction of PA 3 followsWalnut Street a block to the south. Chestnut Street carries three lanes of one-way eastbound traffic while Walnut Street carries two lanes of one-way westbound traffic. PA 3 follows Chestnut and Walnut street east through residential areas ofWest Philadelphia, passing several blocks ofrowhouses with some businesses. Walnut Street passes to the north ofWilliam L. Sayre High School between 59th and 58th streets while Chestnut Street passes south ofWest Philadelphia High School before crossing 49th Street, south of theCommunity College of Philadelphia's West Regional Center past 48th Street, and south ofWest Catholic Preparatory High School prior to crossing 45th Street. Farther east, the route reaches theUniversity City neighborhood of Philadelphia, where Walnut Street runs along the edge of theUniversity of Pennsylvania campus. The streets cross a SEPTA trolley track at 40th Street. Upon reachingUS 13, westbound PA 3 shifts from Walnut Street to Market Street, running concurrent with US 13 southbound on four-lane divided 38th Street between Market and Walnut streets; 38th Street carries a SEPTA trolley track in the northbound direction. East of US 13, westbound PA 3 follows on Market Street, a three-lane road with acenter left-turn lane. At this point, SEPTA's Market–Frankford Line runs underneath Market Street, with SEPTA'sSubway–Surface Trolley Lines joining at 36th Street. Eastbound PA 3 continues east on one-way Chestnut Street. The route passes several multistory commercial buildings as it runs through the northern part of theDrexel University campus. At 33rd Street, eastbound PA 3 turns north and joins the westbound direction on Market Street, continuing east.[3][5]
Upon reaching 32nd Street, PA 3 splits into another one-way pair, with eastbound PA 3 continuing east along Market Street and westbound PA 3 following four-lane John F. Kennedy Boulevard, both being two-way streets. The route passes underCSX'sHarrisburg Subdivision railroad line before coming to the 30th Street intersection at30th Street Station, which servesAmtrak'sNortheast Corridor railroad line, theSEPTA Regional Rail system, andNJ Transit'sAtlantic City Line. The eastbound direction passes to the south of the train station and north of the city'sformer main Post Office facility as a four-lane undivided street. The westbound direction bends north around the train station, running along a one-way street with two lanes of traffic that heads north on Schuykill Avenue and crosses under the SEPTA tracks before turning west on Arch Street. It then passes to the south of theCira Centre and curves south as 30th Street under the SEPTA tracks again before turning west on John F. Kennedy Boulevard. Immediately east of 30th Street Station, PA 3 has an interchange withI-76 (Schuylkill Expressway) before it crosses over theSchuylkill River and then theSchuylkill River Trail and CSX'sPhiladelphia Subdivision railroad line on the river's east bank on theMarket Street Bridge eastbound and theJohn F. Kennedy Boulevard Bridge westbound.[3][5]
At this point, PA 3 heads intoCenter City Philadelphia on four-lane undivided Market Street eastbound and four-lane divided John F. Kennedy Boulevard westbound. The streets pass several downtown skyscrapers, with the westbound direction running south of SEPTA'sMain Line tracks, which head into theCenter City Commuter Connection tunnel at 20th Street. At the 20th Street intersection, both directions of PA 3 become one-way streets, with Market Street carrying three lanes of eastbound traffic, with the fourth right-most lane serving as abus lane, and John F. Kennedy Boulevard carrying four lanes of westbound traffic as it heads into thePenn Center business district. At the 19th Street intersection, the right-most lane on John F. Kennedy Boulevard becomes a bus lane. Eastbound PA 3 passes to the north ofLiberty Place between 17th and 16th streets while westbound PA 3 passes to the south of theComcast Center between 18th and 17th streets,Suburban Station of SEPTA Regional Rail between 17th and 16th streets, andLOVE Park between 16th and 15th streets. PA 3 reaches its eastern terminus atPA 611 (which runs north-south alongBroad Street through Philadelphia) at 15th Street, which forms the western part of Penn Square aroundPhiladelphia City Hall.[3][5]
From 1793 to 1850, Philadelphia and West Chester were linked by a dirt road used by horse-drawn carriages and wagons. The Philadelphia and West Chester Turnpike Road Company was formed in March 1848 to build aturnpike between 38th and Market streets in Philadelphia and Newtown Square. The turnpike was to have five toll houses along its length. The West Chester Pike was constructed to improve farming and manufacturing in Delaware County. The turnpike became aplank road between 1850 and 1868. Rail service was first used on the turnpike in 1859, when the Delaware County Passenger Rail Road Company built a 4-mile (6.4 km) horse-drawn rail line from 38th and Market streets in Philadelphia to Howard House in Upper Darby. The entire turnpike between Philadelphia and Newtown Square became a stone road by 1885. The Philadelphia and West Chester Traction Company established atrolley service along the West Chester Pike between 63rd Street in Philadelphia and Newtown Square in 1895. Steam dummies were first used but electric trolley cars were introduced a year later. The trolley line was extended west to West Chester in 1898. The trolley line followed the south side of the turnpike. Following the construction of 69th Street Terminal in Upper Darby in 1907, the route of the West Chester Pike saw increasing suburban development. In 1918, the West Chester Pike was taken over by the state, with the tolls removed.[6]
The West Chester Pike was designated as Legislative Route 133 when theSproul Road Bill was passed in 1911.[7] In 1927, the West Chester Pike and Market Street in Philadelphia were designated as part ofPA 5, which ran along theLakes-to-Sea Highway.[8][9] Between downtown West Chester and Paoli Pike, PA 5 had a concurrency withUS 122/PA 52 (later US 202) along Gay Street.[10] In 1937, PA 3 was commissioned between US 202/US 322/PA 100 (now US 322 Bus.) in West Chester andUS 30 in Philadelphia, replacing the previous PA 5 designation.[2][11] In Philadelphia, PA 3 was shifted by 1940 to follow Chestnut and Walnut streets east before turning north on 5th and 6th streets to meet US 30 at the approach to theBenjamin Franklin Bridge over theDelaware River.[12]
The John F. Kennedy Boulevard section of PA 3 was originally part of Filbert Street.[13] The stretch of land between Market Street and Filbert Street once contained a viaduct carrying several tracks of thePennsylvania Railroad that led toBroad Street Station. The viaduct provided a physical and social barrier between areas north and south of Market Street that came to be known as the "Chinese Wall." In 1930, the Pennsylvania Railroad opened Suburban Station, with a new bridge over the Schuylkill River and railroad line parallel to the "Chinese Wall" leading to the new station. With the opening of the Suburban Station, the Pennsylvania Railroad planned to close Broad Street Station and demolish the "Chinese Wall", replacing it with a wide street called Pennsylvania Boulevard that would contain several office buildings. However, theGreat Depression put these plans on hold and Broad Street Station and the "Chinese Wall" would continue to be used until 1952.[14] The station and viaduct were demolished and Pennsylvania Boulevard was constructed in the 1950s, with the Penn Center business district built along the boulevard. As part of constructing the boulevard, a new bridge was built over the Schuylkill River leading to 30th Street Station.[14][15] Pennsylvania Boulevard was later renamed to John F. Kennedy Boulevard.[14]
In 1954, regular trolley service between Philadelphia and West Chester ended as plans were made to widen PA 3. Trolley service during peak periods continued until 1958.[6] The trolley service was replaced by buses, which is today part of SEPTA'sRoute 104 service.[6][16] During the mid 1950s and early 1960s, the West Chester Pike portion of PA 3 was widened into a four-lane road.[6] US 202 and PA 3 were routed onto a one-way pair in West Chester along Market and Gay streets by 1959.[17] By 1960, PA 3 was rerouted to follow Cobbs Creek Parkway andBaltimore Avenue to end at US 13 at the intersection of Baltimore and Whitby avenues inSouthwest Philadelphia.[18] The route was realigned to follow Chestnut and Walnut streets to US 13 at 44th and 43rd streets by 1970.[19] Also by this time, the US 202 concurrency in West Chester was removed as that highway was rerouted to bypass the borough to the east along US 322.[20] PA 3 was extended east toPA 291 and PA 611 at Philadelphia City Hall during the 1970s. The route followed Chestnut and Walnut streets to US 13 at 38th Street before running along Chestnut Street eastbound and Market Street westbound to 30th Street Station, where it shifted to Market Street eastbound and John F. Kennedy Boulevard westbound.[21]
In 2012, the section of PA 3 between Adams Street in West Chester and US 202/US 322 in West Goshen Township was named the Robert J. Thompson Highway in honor of former State SenatorRobert J. Thompson. A ceremony was held on October 9, 2012, with State SenatorAndy Dinniman and state and local officials in attendance.[22]
On August 16, 2021, the right lane on eastbound PA 3 (Market Street) between 20th Street and PA 611 (15th Street) and on westbound PA 3 (John F. Kennedy Boulevard) between PA 611 (15th Street) and 19th Street was converted into a bus lane as part of a pilot project to add bus lanes to streets in Philadelphia to improve public transportation.[23]
| County | Location | mi[1] | km | Destinations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chester | West Chester | 0.000 | 0.000 |   US 322 Bus. (West Chestnut Street / North High Street) | Western terminus |
| West Goshen Township | 0.805 | 1.296 | Paoli Pike | Interchange; eastbound exit and westbound entrance | |
| 1.338 | 2.153 |  US 202 /US 322 (West Chester Bypass) –King of Prussia,Downingtown,Wilmington,Chester | Interchange | ||
| Westtown Township | 4.518 | 7.271 |   PA 352 north (North Chester Road) –Frazer | Western end of PA 352 concurrency | |
| 4.648 | 7.480 |  PA 352 south (South Chester Road) –Lima | Eastern end of PA 352 concurrency | ||
| Willistown Township | 6.338 | 10.200 |   PA 926 west (Street Road) –Cheyney,Westtown | Eastern terminus of PA 926 | |
| Delaware | Newtown Township | 11.308 | 18.198 |  PA 252 (Newtown Street Road) –Paoli,Media | |
| Marple Township | 13.456 | 21.655 |  PA 320 (Sproul Road) –Villanova,Swarthmore | ||
| 14.560 | 23.432 |  I-476 (Mid-County Expressway) –Plymouth Meeting,Chester | Exit 9 on I-476 | ||
| Haverford–Upper Darby township line | 17.117 | 27.547 |  US 1 (Township Line Road) | ||
| Philadelphia | Philadelphia | 22.451 | 36.131 |  US 13 (38th Street) | Brief concurrency westbound |
| 23.321 | 37.532 |       I-76 (Schuylkill Expressway) toI-95 /I-676 east –Valley Forge,Central Philadelphia,International Airport | Exit 345 on I-76; formerI-676 | ||
| 24.326 | 39.149 | PA 611 (15th Street) | Penn Square; eastern terminus | ||
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
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