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Pedro Pablo Ramírez | |
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| 27th President of Argentina | |
| In office 7 June 1943 – 9 March 1944 | |
| Appointed by | Military junta |
| Vice President | Sabá Sueyro(Jun–Oct 1943) Edelmiro Julián Farrell(1943–1944) |
| Preceded by | Arturo Rawson(de facto) |
| Succeeded by | Edelmiro Julián Farrell(de facto) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 30 January 1884 |
| Died | 12 May 1962(1962-05-12) (aged 78) |
| Nationality | Argentine |
| Political party | United Officers' Group |
| Spouse | María Inés Lobato Mulle |
| Profession | Military |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | Argentine Army |
| Years of service | 1904–1944 |
| Rank | Major General |
Pedro Pablo Ramírez Menchaca (30 January 1884 – 12 May 1962) wasPresident of Argentina from 7 June 1943, to 9 March 1944. He was the founder and leader ofGuardia Nacional, Argentina's fascist militia.[1]
After graduating from the Argentine military college in 1904 as a second lieutenant, Ramírez was promoted in 1910 as first lieutenant of the cavalry. In 1911, he was sent to Germany for training with the Fifth Hussars cavalry inKaiser Wilhelm II'sPrussian Army. He returned home in 1913, with a German wife, prior to the outbreak of World War I.[2] Advancing in rank as a specialist incavalry tactics, he assisted fellow GeneralJosé Félix Uriburu in an authoritarian coup that deposedHipólito Yrigoyen in 1930. Ramírez was sent to Rome to observe Mussolini's army until his return in 1932.[citation needed]
When Uriburu set free elections and then died, General Ramírez worked behind the scenes to plan a return of fascism to Argentina. Over the next several years, he organized the Milicia Nacionalista (later the Guardia), and authored a program for a state ruled by the militia. In 1942, Ramírez was appointed War Minister by PresidentRamón Castillo, and began to reorganize the Argentine Army. At the same time, the Guardia Nacional joined with another party to form "Recuperacion Nacional," a fascist political party. Castillo fired Ramírez following a cabinet meeting on 18 May 1943. Two weeks later, on 4 June 1943, Ramírez assistedArturo Rawson in overthrowing Castillo's government, and was again made Minister of War. Three days later, on 7 June Ramírez forced Rawson's resignation and maintained Argentina's neutrality duringWorld War II. Because of this, the United States refused Argentine requests forLend-Lease aid. Argentina finally declared war on Germany and Japan during the government ofEdelmiro Farrell[3].[citation needed]
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| Preceded by | President of Argentina 1943–1944 | Succeeded by |
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