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Pathankot Paṭhānkōt (Punjabi) Paithan | |
|---|---|
    Pathankot Valley,Ranjit Sagar Dam, Baijnath Temple, Pathankot Skyline | |
  Pathankot Location in Punjab, India Show map of Punjab Pathankot Pathankot (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:32°16′10″N75°39′07″E / 32.26944°N 75.65194°E /32.26944; 75.65194 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Punjab |
| District | Pathankot |
| Established | In 16th Century |
| Named after | Pathania Rajput |
| Government | |
| • Body | Municipal Corporation |
| • Deputy Commissioner | Sh. Sanyam Aggarwal, I A S. |
| Area | |
• Total | 19.7 km2 (7.6 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 6th |
| Elevation | 332 m (1,089 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 249,000(approx250,000 include sub-urban)[1] |
| Demonym | Pathankotia |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Punjabi,Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Pin Code | 145001 |
| Telephone code | 0186 |
| Vehicle registration | PB-35 |
| Website | https://pathankot.nic.in/ |
Pathankot (Punjabi pronunciation:[pə.ʈʰäːn.koːʈᵊ]) is a city and the district headquarters of thePathankot district inPunjab, India. Pathankot is the sixth most populous city of Punjab, afterLudhiana,Amritsar,Jalandhar,Patiala andBathinda. Its local government is a municipal corporation.
In theMahabharata and in the works ofSanskrit grammarian and linguistic scholar Panini, the region is also mentioned as Audumbara, which was classified as Ayudhajivi sangha (warrior community).Numerous coins of great antiquity related to Ancient Audumbara Kingdom were found at various sites of Pathankot.
In the medieval period from 11th century CE to the 16th century, Pathankot was the first capital ofNurpur State (present-dayHimachal Pradesh), which was earlier known as Dhameri, a corruption of Audumbari. Its name was changed From Dhameri To Nurpur duringShah Jahan's reign. ThePathania clan of native PahadiRajputs of the region derived its name from Pathankot, which was known as Paithan. Pathankot was invaded by Jarnail Jai Singh Kanhaiya of Kanhaiya Misl and was annexed from the ruling Pathania Rajput clan and merged with Punjab duringMaharaja Ranjit Singh's rule.Moran Sarkar, a Muslim dancing girl Ranjit Singh married, lived in a fortress in Pathankot from 1811 till her demise. Pathankot was merged with Gurdaspur district in 1853; prior to that, it was part of Kangra after British annexed the hill regions from Sikhs after the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1845.[citation needed]
During partition, the initial plan by the border demarcation committee was to place Pathankot (part of Gurdaspur district that time) in Pakistan and Shakargarh district in India. However, Shakargarh district was finally given to Pakistan and Gurdaspur district (along with Pathankot) was given to India.
Pathankot has an average elevation of 332 metres (1,089 ft). It is a green town surrounded by theRavi andChakki rivers.Shiwalik foothills on the south and east and snow-cappedHimalayas in the back drop in north.
| Climate data for Pathankot | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) | 35 (95) | 43 (109) | 46 (115) | 49 (120) | 46 (115) | 41 (106) | 40 (104) | 40 (104) | 35 (95) | 29 (84) | 49 (120) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 18 (64) | 21 (70) | 26 (79) | 33 (91) | 37 (99) | 39 (102) | 34 (93) | 33 (91) | 33 (91) | 31 (88) | 25 (77) | 19 (66) | 29 (84) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8 (46) | 11 (52) | 16 (61) | 22 (72) | 26 (79) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 28 (82) | 26 (79) | 21 (70) | 14 (57) | 9 (48) | 20 (68) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4 (25) | 0 (32) | 4 (39) | 10 (50) | 15 (59) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 20 (68) | 19 (66) | 9 (48) | 4 (39) | −1 (30) | −4 (25) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 71 (2.8) | 80 (3.1) | 81 (3.2) | 46 (1.8) | 34 (1.3) | 78 (3.1) | 356 (14.0) | 370 (14.6) | 140 (5.5) | 25 (1.0) | 16 (0.6) | 38 (1.5) | 1,335 (52.5) |
| Average precipitation days | 5 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 12 | 13 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 71 |
| [citation needed] | |||||||||||||
Pathankot/Dera Baba has been ranked 26th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 3 population under 3 lakhs cities) in India.[3]
The city is part of thePathankot Assembly Constituency.
Government of Pathankot had constructed 4 public toilets in 2018 but they had been opened for only 6 days so as to get good rankings in surveys. You can find them at various places where they charge you 10/- but you can avail general conveniences in a clean environment[4]
Pathankot is connected by rail and road with the rest of the country. Pathankot is connected by a network of private and public-sector bus services to other cities in Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir. Destinations include Delhi, Manali Chandigarh, Jammu, Dharamshala, Dalhousie and Amritsar. Pathankot is used as a gateway for Chamba and Kangra Valley inHimachal Pradesh and for various locations inJammu and Kashmir like Jammu City Mansar Lake, Surinsar Lake, Srinagar, Udhampur, Holy Cave at Amarnath, Patni Top and Holy Cave of Mata Vaishno Devi (Katra) 155 km away from Pathankot.
One can take anauto rickshaw or acycle rickshaw.
Traffic management is poor in the city. No traffic lights exist in the city.[5]
Pathankot Railway Station under A-category. Pathankot is a major railroad junction. Lines fromAmritsar (2 hrs) andDelhi (8 hrs) merge here, and all services toJammu (2 hrs) pass through. In addition to Pathankot station itself, there is a second station calledChakki Bank renamedPathankot Cantt 4 km away, which serves some express trains that do not stop in Pathankot station. Nowadays the majority of the Jammu trains stop only at Pathankot Cantt Railway Station[6] and not at Pathankot Railway Station.
Pathankot has direct train links withDelhi,Jammu and other Indian cities. All trains going toJammu pass through Pathankot Cantt Station. Trains include Rajdhani, Swaraj Express, Pooja Express, Shri Shakti Express. Super fast trains do not serve Pathankot Station. The distance from Pathankot & Pathankot Cant Railway station is 4 km.
Pathankot is also served by the narrow-gaugeKangra Valley Railway (a.k.a.Kangra Toy Train) built by the British, which travels 128 km toJoginder Nagar viaPalampur andKangra (near Dharamsala)., The luxuryKangra Queen services were terminated in 2003, leaving about six departures daily of slow, often crowded second class trains, taking over six hours. Bookings for these can only be done in-person at Pathankot station. Some of these trains run to Baijnath Paprola and a few to Joginder Nagar. The main stations on this line include Kangra and Palampur. The town is the lower terminus of theKangra Valley Railway, thereby connecting the mountainous regions of westernHimachal Pradesh to the network ofIndian Railways.
Maharana Pratap Inter State Bus Terminal Pathankot is close to Pathankot railway station.Public buses toDharamshalaDalhousie take 3–4 hours. while buses toAmritsar take 3 hours.Dalhousie, a famous destination for honeymoon couples is 80 km from Pathankot.The Hindu Pilgrimage Vaishno devi is 160 km from Pathankot.Chandigarh is 4–5 hours away. It is well connected with bus services from Punjab roadways, Haryana Roadways, Himachal Roadways J&K transport, and private AC volvo buses.
One can stop over in Pathankot en route to Gurdaspur (35 km),Mukerian (40),Joginder Nagar (149 km), Dharamshala (88 km), Dalhousie (100 km), Amritsar (108),Palampur (112 km), Chamba (100 km) & Jammu (100 km), Hoshiarpur (100 km), Kangra (86 km), Jalandhar (108 km), Srinagar (400 km) all in different directions from Pathankot viaJalandhar-Srinagar National highway (NH-44),Dabwali-Pathankot National highway (NH-54) and Pathankot-Mandi National highway (NH-154).
Pathankot’s economy is primarily driven byagriculture,trade, andtransportation. The region is known for producing crops likewheat,maize, andlitchi, benefiting from its fertile soil and favorable climate. Its strategic location makes it a key trading hub connectingPunjab withJammu & Kashmir andHimachal Pradesh. Small-scale industries, local trade markets, and tourism also contribute significantly to the city’s economic activities.
Litchi Production
Pathankot is a key litchi-growing region inPunjab, with a seasonalharvest in late spring. Itslitchi cultivation supports local farmers and contributes toexports. The Punjab government has taken initiatives to boosthorticulture and enhance market access, addressing challenges like pests and price fluctuations to improve productivity and profitability.[7][8]
As per data of 2011 census Pathankot urban agglomeration had a population of 159,909, out of which males were 84,145 and females were 75,764. The literacy rate was 88.71 per cent.[9]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 88.89% | |||
| Sikhism | 8.05% | |||
| Christianity | 1.73% | |||
| Islam | 0.38% | |||
| Others | 0.95% | |||
Most common language here isPunjabi,Hindi.
On 8 November 2014, Punjab Deputy CM Sukhbir Singh Badal laid the foundation stone for a stadium in Pathankot. But even after 6 years, the stadium is still incomplete. Sportspeople struggle to get any facilities in Pathankot. There are no proper grounds to practice. So they go to other cities, while most of the young population pursue other careers.[11]
Keshopur Chhamb is home to many Migratory Birds and is only major natural wetland in the state.
The Union Ministry for Forests, Environment and Climate Change has given the long-awaited signal to develop the twin islands of Kalara and Palangi, located in the midst of the Ranjit Sagar Dam Lake.[12]
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