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Patagonykus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Patagonykus
Temporal range:Turonian-Early Coniacian
~90.5–88.5 Ma
Reconstructed skeleton
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Domain:Eukaryota
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Clade:Dinosauria
Clade:Saurischia
Clade:Theropoda
Clade:Patagonykinae
Genus:Patagonykus
Novas, 1996
Species:
P. puertai
Binomial name
Patagonykus puertai
Novas, 1996

Patagonykus (meaning "Patagonian claw") is a genus oftheropoddinosaur from the UpperCretaceous ofArgentina. Thisalvarezsauroid was discovered in exposures of thePortezuelo Formation (Turonian-Coniacian) of theRio Neuquén Subgroup in theNeuquén Basin,Neuquen Province ofPatagonia,Argentina. Theholotype consists of an incomplete but well-preservedskeleton, lacking askull, but including manyvertebrae, thecoracoids, a partial forelimb, pelvic girdle, and hindlimbs.Patagonykus has been classed with theAlvarezsauridae, a family which includes suchtaxa as theMongolianMononykus and the ArgentinianAlvarezsaurus. In 2010Gregory S. Paul estimated its length at 1 meter (3.3 ft) and its weight at 3.5 kg (7.7 lbs).[1]

Classification

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Agnolinet al. (2012) originally placedPatagonykus withinAlvarezsauridae, within the clade Patagonykinae as sister taxon toBonapartenykus.[2] Makovicky, Apesteguía and Gianechini (2012) found it to be in apolytomy withAlnashetri,Bonapartenykus, and a clade containing more deeply nested taxa such asLinhenykus,Mononykus andAlbinykus.[3] However, Xuet al. (2018) positioned it as a basalAlvarezsauroidea, sister taxon toPatagonykus andAchillesaurus, which was also recovered by Fowleret al. (2020).[4][5]Patagonykus has also been recovered as sister taxon toBonapartenykus and Alvarezsauridae by Qinet al. (2019), and sister taxon to onlyPatagonykus outside of Alvarezsauridae by Averianov & Lopatin (2022a) and Averianov & Lopatin (2022b).[6][7][8]

A phylogenetic analysis conducted by Fowleret al. (2020) is reproduced below.[5]

Alvarezsauroidea
Reconstruction

The results of an earlier analysis by Agnolinet al. (2012) are reproduced below.[2]

Alvarezsauridae

References

[edit]
  1. ^Paul, Gregory S. (2010).The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 127.
  2. ^abAgnolin, Federico L.; Powell, Jaime E.; Novas, Fernando E.; Kundrát, Martin (2012-06-01)."New alvarezsaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from uppermost Cretaceous of north-western Patagonia with associated eggs".Cretaceous Research.35:33–56.Bibcode:2012CrRes..35...33A.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2011.11.014.ISSN 0195-6671.
  3. ^Makovicky, P. J.; Apesteguía, S. N.; Gianechini, F. A. (2012). "A New Coelurosaurian Theropod from the La Buitrera Fossil Locality of Río Negro, Argentina".Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences.5:90–98.doi:10.3158/2158-5520-5.1.90.S2CID 129758444.
  4. ^Xu, Xing; Choiniere, Jonah; Tan, Qingwei; Benson, Roger B.J; Clark, James; Sullivan, Corwin; Zhao, Qi; Han, Fenglu; Ma, Qingyu; He, Yiming; Wang, Shuo; Xing, Hai; Tan, Lin (2018)."Two Early Cretaceous Fossils Document Transitional Stages in Alvarezsaurian Dinosaur Evolution".Current Biology.28 (17): 2853–2860.e3.Bibcode:2018CBio...28E2853X.doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.057.PMID 30146153.
  5. ^abDenver W. Fowler; John P. Wilson; Elizabeth A. Freedman Fowler; Christopher R. Noto; Daniel Anduza; John R. Horner (2020)."Trierarchuncus prairiensis gen. et sp. nov., the last alvarezsaurid: Hell Creek Formation (uppermost Maastrichtian), Montana".Cretaceous Research.116: Article 104560.Bibcode:2020CrRes.11604560F.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104560.S2CID 225630913.
  6. ^Qin, Zichuan; Clark, James; Choiniere, Jonah; Xu, Xing (2019)."A new alvarezsaurian theropod from the Upper Jurassic Shishugou Formation of western China".Scientific Reports.9 (1): 11727.Bibcode:2019NatSR...911727Q.doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48148-7.PMC 6692367.PMID 31409823.S2CID 199543191.
  7. ^Alexander O. Averianov; Alexey V. Lopatin (19 February 2022)."A new alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Gobi Desert, Mongolia".Cretaceous Research.134: 105168.Bibcode:2022CrRes.13505168A.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105168.S2CID 247000540. Retrieved19 February 2022.
  8. ^Averianov AO, Lopatin AV (2022). "A re-appraisal ofParvicursor remotus from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia: implications for the phylogeny and taxonomy of alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaurs".Journal of Systematic Palaeontology.19 (16):1097–1128.doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.2013965.S2CID 247222017.

Further reading

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  • F. E. Novas. 1994.Patagonykus puertai n. gen. et sp., and the phylogenetic relationships of the Alvarezsauridae (Theropoda, Maniraptora).VI Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía, R. Cúneo (ed), Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew.
  • Novas, F. E. 1997. Anatomy ofPatagonykus puertai (Theropoda, Avialae, Alvarezsauridae), from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia.Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17(1); 137–166.
  • Novas, F. E. andMolnar, R. E. (eds.) 1996. Alvarezsauridae, Cretaceous basal birds from Patagonia and Mongolia.Proceedings of the Gondwanan Dinosaur Symposium, Brisbane.Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 39(3):iv + 489–731; 675–702.

External links

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Avemetatarsalia
Theropoda
Maniraptora
    • see below↓
Alvarezsauridae
Parvicursorinae
Ceratonykini
Mononykini
Therizinosauria
Therizinosauroidea
Therizinosauridae
Pennaraptora
Oviraptorosauria
Paraves
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Patagonykus puertai

Mononykus olecranus

Therizinosaurus cheloniformis
Scansoriopterygidae?
Anchiornithidae
Archaeopterygidae
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Ambopteryx longibrachium

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Confuciusornis sp.
Schizoouridae
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Ichthyornithes
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Patagopteryx deferrariisiIchthyornis dispar
Palaeognathae
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Pangalliformes
Incertae sedis
Dromornithidae
Gastornithiformes
Pelagornithidae
Asteriornis maastrichtensisDromornis stirtoni
Patagonykus
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