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Parched grain is grain that has been cooked by dry roasting.[1] It is an ancient foodstuff and is thought to be one of the earliest ways in which the hunter gatherers in theFertile Crescent ate grains. Historically, it was a common food in theMiddle East, as attested by the followingBible quotes:
It is known inHebrew as קָלִי (qālî). Thegrain has the same length of the normal grain, although somewhat thinner and darker with a green shade. It is served as acasserole hot dish, cooked with morsels ofmeat orpoultry.
A variety of parched grains have been used historically as a camp ration, both for military troops on maneuvers and civilian travelers on extended overland journeys. Because parching both cooked the grains, and removed most of the water content, it was useful as a way to have pre-cooked meals which could be stored or carried for extended periods, and weighed the same or slightly less than the uncooked grains. It also had the advantage that it could be eaten without re-heating it, either dry or by soaking in water, and so would both reduce cooking time in the field and allow troops to travel without any campfires at all if needed.
In particular, parched rice was widely used in South and East Asia for troops well into the 20th century, including by theImperial Japanese Army during theSino-Japanese Wars andWorld War II. It was a primary staple of thePeople's Liberation Army of China during theLong March as well, being one of the few items they were able to carry a significant supply of while on the move.
Early European accounts ofNative Americans record 'parched corn' as one of the many ways theIroquoian peoples cooked maize. It was prepared by first scorching the corn and then pounding it to a fine meal. It was used in various recipes, but especially as emergency rations for travellers, usually eaten a spoonful at a time with a drink of water. According toRobert Beverley Jr. a local name for this food in Virginia was 'Rockahomonie'.[4][5]
During theU.S. Civil War parchedmaize was used both as a grain itself and as a way to carry maize for grinding into cornmeal.
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