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Pannonictis

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Extinct genus of mustelid

Pannonictis Temporal range: LatePliocene - MidPleistocene2.6–1.0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓

Fossil ofPannonictis nestii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Mustelidae
Subfamily:	Ictonychinae
Genus:	†Pannonictis Kormos, 1931^[1]
Type species
†Pannonictis pliocaenica Kormos, 1931
Other Species
P. nestii P. pachygnatha P. baroniensis

Pannonictis is agenus ofextinct mustelids. It is first known from the veryLate Pliocene, and it survived until the end of theVillafranchian. The genus is most commonly recorded from deposits between 2.6 and 1.4 Ma.Fossil remains ofPannonictis have been found throughoutEurasia, from theIberian Peninsula to easternChina.^[2]

Taxonomy

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Pannonictis is closely related to another prehistoric genus,Enhydrictis.^[3] At least four differentspecies are recognised;P. pliocaenica,^[4]^[5]P. pachygnatha,^[2]P. nestii,^[6]^[7]^[8] andP. baroniensis.^[9] Another species known asP. pilgrimi is no longer valid, and most likely asynonym ofP. pliocaenica.^[2] In the past,Martellictis ardea was also at one point considered a species ofPannonictis, but it has since been moved to its own genus.^[5]

Description

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As with many living mustelids,Pannonictis likely displayed pronouncedsexual dimorphism. In fact, the small species known asP. pilgrimi is now often considered merely afemale form of the largerP. pliocaenica.P. nestii was the smallest and most slender species of the genus as well as the latest surviving member.P. pachygnatha is a more robust species, with specific dental andmandibular differences.^[2]

An otter-like aquatic lifestyle forPannonictis is not likely, but it has been suggested it inhabited areas near river courses, much like their phylogenetic descendant, the livinggrison.

References

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^"Pannonictis".Fossilworks.
^^a ^b ^c ^dGarcia, N. Villagra; Arsuaga, Juan Luis; de Castro, José María Bermúdez; Carbonell, Eudald; Rosas, Antonio; Huguet, Rosa (March 2008)."The Epivillafranchian carnivore Pannonictis (Mammalia, Mustelidae) from Sima del Elefante (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain) and a revision of the Eurasian occurrences from a taxonomic perspective".Quaternary International.179 (1):42–52.Bibcode:2008QuInt.179...42G.doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2007.09.031.
^van der Geer, Alexandra; Lyras, George; de Vos, John (2011).Evolution of Island Mammals: Adaptation and Extinction of Placental Mammals on Islands. Wiley. p. 129.ISBN 9781119675747.
^Gazin, C. Lewis (May 1934)."Upper Pliocene Mustelids from the Snake River Basin of Idaho".Journal of Mammalogy.15 (2): 137.doi:10.2307/1373984. Retrieved3 November 2025 – via Oxford Academic.
^^a ^bBartolini Lucenti, Saverio (October–December 2018)."Revising the species "Mustela" ardea Gervais, 1848–1852 (Mammalia, Mustelidae): Martellictis gen. nov. and the systematics of the fossil "Galictinae" of Eurasia".Comptes Rendus Palevol.17 (8):522–535.doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2018.02.003. Retrieved3 November 2025 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
^Koufos, George D.; Tamvakis, Aggelos (3 August 2022)."Revising the Villafranchian carnivoran fauna from Libakos (Macedonia, Greece) with some implications for its age".Historical Biology.34 (8):1399–1412.doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.2024179.ISSN 0891-2963. Retrieved10 November 2025 – via Taylor and Francis Online.
^Colombero, Simone; Pavia, Marco; Rook, Lorenzo (1 September 2012)."Pannonictis nestii (Galictinae, Mustelidae), a new element in the vertebrate association of the human site of Pirro Nord (Italy, Early Pleistocene)".Geodiversitas.34 (3):665–681.doi:10.5252/g2012n3a11.ISSN 1280-9659. Retrieved7 November 2025 – via BioOne Digital Library.
^Rook, Lorenzo (January 1995)."Pannonictis nestii (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the late Villafranchian of Pietrafitta (Umbria, Italy). Preliminary note".Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae.88 (3).
^Rook, Lorenzo; Bartolini Lucenti, Saverio; Tuveri, Caterinella; Arca, Marisa (1 October 2018)."Mustelids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from Monte Tuttavista fissure fillings (Early and Middle Pleistocene; Orosei, Sardinia): Taxonomy and evolution of the insular Sardinian Galictini".Quaternary Science Reviews.197:209–223.doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.08.022. Retrieved3 November 2025 – via Elsevier Science Direct.

Genera ofred pandas,raccoons,skunks,mustelids and their extinct allies

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Carnivora

Musteloidea

†Peignictis
†Plesiogale

Ailuridae

Ailurinae	Ailurus †Magerictis †Parailurus †Pristinailurus
†Amphictinae	Amphictis
†Simocyoninae	Actiocyon Alopecocyon Protursus Simocyon

Mephitidae

Procyonidae

Mustelidae

†Acheronictis †Aragonictis †Arikarictis †Circamustela †Erokomellivora †Franconictis †Kenyalutra †Kinometaxia †Laphyctis †Luogale †Marcetia †Matanomictis †Melidellavus †Mellalictis †Mesomephitis †Miomustela †Namibictis †Oaxacagale †Palaeomeles †Paragale †Parataxidea †Perunium †Plesictis †Plesiogale †Plesiomeles †Prepoecilogale †Presictis †Promellivora †Proputorius †Pyctis †Sabadellictis †Semantor †Sinictis †Sivalictis †Skopelogale †Sonitictis †Taxodon †Trochotherium †Xenictis †Zorilla
Guloninae	†Canimartes Eira †Ferinestrix Gulo †Iberictis †Ischyrictis Martes Pekania †Plesiogulo †Plionictis †Sthenictis
Helictidinae	Melogale
Ictonychinae	†Baranogale †Brevimalictis †Cernictis †Eirictis †Enhydrictis Galictis Ictonyx †Lutravus Lyncodon †Martellictis †Negodiaetictis †Oriensictis †Pannonictis †Poecilictis Poecilogale †Sminthosinis †Stipanicicia †Trigonictis †Trochictis Vormela
Lutrinae	†Algarolutra Aonyx †Cyrnaonyx †Cyrnolutra †Djourabus Enhydra †Enhydriodon †Enhydritherium Hydrictis †Limnonyx Lontra Lutra †Lutraeximia †Lutrictis Lutrogale †Megalenhydris †Megencephalon †Melodon †Mionictis †Nesolutra †Paludolutra †Paralutra †Pelycictis Pteronura †Sardolutra †Satherium †Siamogale †Sivaonyx †Teruelictis †Torolutra †Tyrrhenolutra †Vishnuonyx
†Leptarctinae	Craterogale Leptarctus Trocharion
Melinae	†Arctomeles Arctonyx Meles †Promeles
Mellivorinae	†Ekorus †Eomellivora †Hoplictis Mellivora †Moralesictis
†Mustelavinae	Mustelavus
Mustelinae	†Dinogale †Lartetictis †Legionarictis Mustela Neogale †Tisisthenes
†Oligobuninae	Brachypsalis Corumictis Floridictis Megalictis Oligobunis Parabrachypsalis Paroligobunis Promartes Zodiolestes
Taxidiinae	†Chamitataxus †Pliotaxidea Taxidea

Taxon identifiers
Pannonictis	Wikidata:Q3893367 GBIF:4833712 IRMNG:1206950 Paleobiology Database:41145

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