Panjgur پنجگور Not known.[1] | |
|---|---|
District Headquarters | |
  Panjgur  Panjgur | |
| Coordinates:26°58′6″N64°6′5″E / 26.96833°N 64.10139°E /26.96833; 64.10139 | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Province | Balochistan Province |
| District | Panjgur District |
| Elevation | 980 m (3,220 ft) |
| Population | |
• City | 157,693 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
Panjgur orPangor (Balochi andUrdu:پنجگور), transliterated and misspelled in Arabic asBannajbur[1] orFannazbur[3] is a city inPanjgur District,Balochistan. It is renowned for its dates. The name drives its origins from blending of twoBalochi words i.e "Panj" meaning five and "Goran" meaning highland, i.e land of 5 highlands. As the name suggests, Panjgur is situated 980 meters above sea level and constitutes the only highland of theMakran region. The origins of the word "Goran" are unclear but some scholars believe the name originates from theAvestan word gairi meaning mountain. Additionally, the presence of areas surrounding Panjgur carrying the name Goran, such as Chokgoran meaning "small highland" and Mazangoran "big highland" point to a possibly identical origin of the name. However, it is also contented that the name Panjgur might be a portmanteau of another two Balochi words i.e Panj and Goor meaning five graves. Panjgur district is known as one of the largest growing regions of Mazafti or Muzati dates, a high quality table date. Panjgur has (circa 27,000 acres) of its lands under the Muzati harvest with estimates that Mazafati accounts for around 10% of Panjgur’s total revenues.
Al-Muqaddasī (985 AD) documented that Bannajbur was the capital ofMakran and that it was populated by people calledBalūṣh (Baluch). This is the first knownArabic reference to theBaloch people.[4]: 568
Panjgur has ahot desert climate although milder and cooler than other parts of Makran (Köppen climate classificationBWh) with hot summers and cold windy dry winters. Precipitation mainly falls in two distinct periods: in the mid-winter and early spring from late December to March, and in the monsoon in June and July.
| Climate data for Panjgur | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 26.7 (80.1) | 29.4 (84.9) | 34.5 (94.1) | 39.0 (102.2) | 44.4 (111.9) | 45.0 (113.0) | 45.0 (113.0) | 43.3 (109.9) | 41.5 (106.7) | 38.0 (100.4) | 34.0 (93.2) | 29.0 (84.2) | 45.0 (113.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) | 21.1 (70.0) | 26.4 (79.5) | 32.7 (90.9) | 37.6 (99.7) | 39.9 (103.8) | 39.6 (103.3) | 38.4 (101.1) | 35.9 (96.6) | 31.4 (88.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 19.8 (67.6) | 30.6 (87.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 11.4 (52.5) | 14.3 (57.7) | 18.9 (66.0) | 24.9 (76.8) | 29.8 (85.6) | 32.3 (90.1) | 32.5 (90.5) | 31.0 (87.8) | 28.1 (82.6) | 23.3 (73.9) | 17.5 (63.5) | 12.7 (54.9) | 23.1 (73.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.0 (39.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 11.5 (52.7) | 17.2 (63.0) | 22.1 (71.8) | 24.7 (76.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 23.6 (74.5) | 20.3 (68.5) | 15.2 (59.4) | 9.6 (49.3) | 4.8 (40.6) | 15.4 (59.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.7 (19.9) | −4.4 (24.1) | 0.0 (32.0) | 5.0 (41.0) | 5.5 (41.9) | 13.5 (56.3) | 13.9 (57.0) | 13.9 (57.0) | 8.9 (48.0) | 3.0 (37.4) | −3.3 (26.1) | −7.8 (18.0) | −7.8 (18.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 13.6 (0.54) | 12.9 (0.51) | 15.6 (0.61) | 8.0 (0.31) | 3.5 (0.14) | 6.2 (0.24) | 6.2 (0.24) | 6.0 (0.24) | 1.4 (0.06) | 2.4 (0.09) | 3.0 (0.12) | 8.2 (0.32) | 87.0 (3.43) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.6 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 11.3 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 56 | 52 | 50 | 40 | 40 | 37 | 44 | 45 | 41 | 39 | 43 | 51 | 45 |
| Source: NOAA (extremes 1961-1990),[5][6]Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity 1961-1995)[7] | |||||||||||||
| Religious group | 1941[8]: 13–14 | 2017[9][10] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
Islam | 416 | 87.95% | 80,273 | 99.83% |
Hinduism | 45 | 9.51% | 96 | 0.12% |
Sikhism | 9 | 1.9% | — | — |
Christianity | 3 | 0.63% | 42 | 0.05% |
| Total population | 473 | 100% | 80,411 | 100% |
The three main modern subdivisions of Panjgur are Gramkān, Qila Khudābadān and Tasp. Historically it was said to be divided into 12 subdivisions which also was the reason for the prefix Dwazdah Shahr e Panjgur meaning 12 Towns of Panjgur.