 | You can helpexpand this article with text translated fromthe corresponding article in Spanish. (January 2023)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
| Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption Catedral de Santa María de la Asunción | |
|---|---|
 Pamplona Cathedral | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Roman Catholic Church |
| District | Archdiocese of Pamplona y Tudela |
| Rite | Roman |
| Ecclesiastical or organizational status | Cathedral |
| Location | |
| Location | Pamplona, Spain |
 | |
| Geographic coordinates | 42°49′11″N1°38′28″W / 42.81972°N 1.64111°W /42.81972; -1.64111 |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Church |
| Style | Neoclassical,Gothic,Romanesque,Baroque,Renaissance |
Pamplona Cathedral(Santa María de la Asunción) is aRoman Catholicchurch in thearchdiocese of Pamplona, Spain. The current 15th centuryGothic church replaced an olderRomanesque one.Archaeological excavations have revealed the existence of another two earlier churches. TheNeoclassical façade was designed byVentura Rodríguez in 1783. It has a 13th-14th-century Gothiccloister that provides access to two other Gothic rooms: the Barbazan chapel and therefectory. The Mediaevalkings of Navarre were crowned and some also buried there. The NavarreseCortes (Parliament) was held there during the early modern ages.
Since its foundation the church has been dedicated to the invocation ofSanta María de la Asunción (Saint Mary of the Assumption),[1][2] whose feast is celebrated on August, 15.[3] It is possible that, due to ametonymy phenomenon, the ownership of the building has been associated with the titular image of the temple,Santa María la Real.
José Goñi Gaztambide – a historian specialized in the episcopal history of the diocese of Pamplona – explains, in part, the matter by echoing the petition made in 1905 to the council by the chaplain, Mariano Arigita Lasa, a relevant figure who became archivist of the Navarra Provincial Council, the Pamplona City Council and the cathedral. Arigita had initially requested to return the "primitive title" ofSanta María la Real de Pamplona. Goñi Gaztambide's reply read like this:
Regarding the first point, it should be pointed out that the original title was Santa María de Pamplona. The one of Santa María la Real de Pamplona has never been documented. (from the Spanish quote «Respecto al primer punto conviene puntualizar que el título primitivo fueSanta María de Pamplona. Jamás se encuentra documentado el de Santa María la Real de Pamplona.»)
— José Goñi Gaztambide,La catedral de Pamplona[4]
Following the Canonical Coronation of Santa María de Pamplona, on September, 21 of 1946, "the title became popular Santa María la Real de Pamplona which does not mean that it was his true dedication."[4]
The site of the cathedral is the oldest part of theRomanPompaelo. Archaeological excavations in 1994 have revealed streets and buildings from the 1st century BC. The oldest cathedral was demolished in 924 during the invasion ofAbd-al-Rahman III,Caliph of Cordoba. During the reign ofSancho III (1004–1035) the church was reconstructed. That church was demolished from 1083 to 1097, and theRomanesque cathedral was built from 1100 to 1127. It collapsed in 1391, with only the façade remaining. The building of the current Gothic church began in 1394 and lasted to 1501. The floorplan iscruciform withambulatory, a centralnave and four shorter aisles, all covered by partially polycromedrib vault. The style is very influenced byFrench models.
The sculpture of the interior includes thetomb of Charles III of Navarre and Eleanor of Castile, byJehan Lome de Tournai [es] (1419), and the image of Royal Saint Mary, a Romanesquewoodcarved silverplated sculpture. Thechoir, with itsRenaissancechoir stalls (1541), is separated from the nave by a Gothic iron grating (1517). There was aRenaissanceretable (1598) in thepresbytery, now in the church of Saint Michael in Pamplona. In the lateral chapels there are twoGothic retables (c. 1500, 1507); one Italian Renaissance retable (16th century); one late Renaissanceretable (1610, polycromed in 1617); and fiveBaroque retables (1642, 1683, 1685).
Probably, the most outstanding element of the cathedral is its 13th century cloister. As the temple, the style followed theFrench Gothic architecture, and the sculptural decoration is very rich. The door that gives access from the temple shows theDormition of the Virgin, and at themullion stands a 15th-century sculpture of the Virgin Mary. The Barbazan chapel—named after the Pamplonese bishop buried there,Arnaldo de Barbazán—is covered by a Gothic eight-rib vault. The so-called 'Precious Door' gives access to the ancient canons' dormitory and shows a complete sculptural story of the Virgin Mary's life. There are several notable burials: Bishop Miguel Sánchez de Asiáin's (14th century), Viceroy of Navarre Count of Gages' (Baroque, 18th century) andguerrilla fighterFrancisco Espoz y Mina's (Neo-classical, 19th century). The lavatory is closed by a grid whose iron is said to be from thebattle of Navas de Tolosa. Another decorated Gothic door gives access to the old kitchen and therefectory.
The former canons' rooms house the Diocesan Museum. The main room is a 14th-century rib-vault covered refectory. The adjacent kitchen is covered by a pyramidal stone-builtchimney. This museum exhibits pieces of religious art from the cathedral and from many other Navarrese churches, many of them abandoned today: Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque sculpture, Gothic and Baroque painting, and 13th to 18th centuriesgoldsmith andsilversmith.
The most outstanding silversmith pieces are the Gothic Holy Sepulcherreliquary, made in 13th century Paris; the 14th centuryLignum Crucis reliquary and the Renaissance 16th century processionalmonstrance.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
