| Pamphili Pamphilj | |
|---|---|
| Papal noble family | |
 Coat of arms of the House of Pamphili | |
| Country |  Papal States.svg) Kingdom of Italy Italy |
| Founded | 9th century |
| Founder | Amanzio |
| Final ruler | Girolamo Pamphili, 4th prince of San Martino al Cimino and Valmontone |
| Historic seat | Palazzo Pamphilj |
| Titles | List of titles
|
| Motto | Tanto Alto Quanto Se Puote (As high as possible) |
| Dissolution | 1760 (1760) |
| Cadet branches | Doria-Pamphili-Landi |
TheHouse of Pamphili (often with the finallong i orthography,Pamphilj) was one of thepapal families deeply entrenched inCatholic Church,Roman andItalian politics of the 16th and 17th centuries.[1]
Later, the Pamphili family line merged with theDoria andLandi family lines to form theDoria-Pamphili-Landi family line.
The Pamphili surname originated inGubbio and went to Rome under the pontificate ofPope Innocent VIII (1484–1492).
The peak of Pamphili power came with the election of Giovanni Battista Pamphili asPope Innocent X, who reigned from 1644–1655. Like the reign of his predecessorPope Urban VIII (of the equally papalBarberini family), Innocent X's rule was littered with examples ofnepotism. Members of the Pamphili family did exceptionally well from the Innocent X papacy.
The following family members were created cardinals:
Like other Italian noble families, the Pamphili bought property (palazzi or "palaces" and other estates) and created self-styledprincipalities. Family members regularly had princely titles bestowed upon them by family patriarchs or matriarchs. Olimpia Maidalchini received thehonorific title ofPrincess of San Martino, effectively turning the small enclave of San Martino into a principality in its own right. After he left the cardinalate to marry, Camillo Pamphili was given the titles ofPrince of San Martino andPrince of Valmontone (he bought theValmontonecomune in 1634 from the Barberini family).
Pamphili family tree[2] from 1574 to 1760:[3]
| Pope Innocent X | Pamphilio Pamphili | Olimpia Maidalchini | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Andrea Giustiniani | Anna Maria Pamphili | Niccolò Ludovisi | Costanza Pamphili | Camillo Pamphili | Olimpia Aldobrandini | Paolo Borghese[4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maffeo Barberini | Olimpia Giustiniani | Maria Borghese | Giovanni Borghese | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costanza Barberini | Camilla Barberini | Francesco Barberini | Urbano Barberini | Taddeo Barberini | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Giovanni Battista Pamphili | Giovanni Andrea Doria | Anna Pamphili | Benedetto Pamphili | Teresa Pamphili | Flaminia Pamphili | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doria-Pamphili-Landi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Between 1639 and 1649, the Pamphili fought theWars of Castro alongside theBarberini against theFarnese dukes of Parma who controlledCastro and its surrounding territories. The conflict raged first under BarberiniPope Urban VIII and later under PamphiliPope Innocent X.
Pope Urban VIII died in 1644 only two months after a peace accord was signed between the papal families and the dukes. Pope Innocent X was elected to replace him. Innocent set about investigating some of the finances related to the conflict which had been administered by the Barberini. A number of Barberini family members were forced into exile but were later reconciled with the papacy and the Pamphili through the marriage ofMaffeo Barberini (son of exiledTaddeo Barberini) andOlimpia Giustiniani, a niece of Pope Innocent X.
On the orders of Innocent X, Castro was razed on 2 September 1649 by troops of thePapal Army and never rebuilt.
Palazzo Pamphilj, by the architects Girolamo Rainaldi and Francesco Borromini, is located in the heart ofRioneParione, south of the church ofSant'Agnese in Agone inPiazza Navona, the Pamphili neighborhood of Rome, named for this reasonIsola de' Pamphili. From 1652, on Saturdays and Sundays in August, the piazza was turned into a lake to celebrate the Pamphili family, a festival that was suppressed in 1866. Today, the palace functions as the Brazilian Embassy in Rome. The tomb of Innocent X is located in Sant'Agnese.
In 1634 the Pamphilj bought the baronial palace inValmontone, a town nearPalestrina, outside (Rome):Camillo Pamphili was determined to create a sort of new “ideal city”, so the palace and the main church were rebuilt and decorated by importantbaroque artists, like the architectMattia de Rossi (who rose to prominence under the mentorship ofBernini), and the paintersPier Francesco Mola,Gaspard Dughet,Guglielmo Cortese,Francesco Cozza andMattia Preti.
Another building in central Rome is thePalazzo Doria Pamphilj, which houses the gallery of the same name.
| International | |
|---|---|
| People | |
