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Located in the heart ofSicania on the northern slopes ofMonte delle Rose, almost equidistant fromPalermo andAgrigento, it is a town ofArbëreshë origin. Although the inhabitants have abandoned the use of theArbëresh language, the town's inhabitants preserve the Byzantine rite in their liturgy.
Palazzo Adriano is best known internationally for being among the filming locations of theOscar-winning filmCinema Paradiso. The local economy is primarily dedicated toagriculture.
The first mention of acasale Adrianum (farmstead of Adriano) dates from before 1060 under the reign of theNormanRoger I of Sicily. More reliable is information about the hamlet of Palazzo Adriano reported in a 1243 document. From 1282, the fiefs land holdings that now constitute the area of Palazzo Adriano saw more than thirty baronies granted leases by the abbots of the monastery of Santa Maria di Fossanova. In the late 15th century, the Dara family was one of the first Albanian families to migrate fromAlbania to Italy afterSkanderbeg's death. They migrated from the region ofRrjoll,northern Albania,Malësia to Palazzo Adriano. Other Albanian families also came here and they are the todayArbëreshë families of the region. In 1787, the Royal Court ofFerdinand IV of Naples captured all these land holdings, which fell under the control ofPalermo.
Starting in the 15th century, a group ofAlbanians, theArbëreshë, settled in the sparsely populated areas around Palazzo Adriano. The fall of the last Albanian resistance underSkanderbeg after theOttoman invasion prompted many Albanians to fleeAlbania. The Arbëreshë settled in small farmhouses built by shepherds and peasants. Throughout the ensuing centuries, the Arbëreshë kept their culture intact and continued to speakAlbanian. In the 19th century, the flow of immigrants from Albania dried up, such that the Albanians in Palazzo Adriano became cut off from those in their homeland.
Although Palazzo Adriano is defined as an 'Albanian minority town' under theLaw 482/99 ('Rules on the protection of historical linguistic minorities'), theArbëresh language is no longer the common language within the Albanian community, and is today lost. TheAlbanian language continues in the prayer and liturgy of churches that follow theByzantine Rite.
