Pakistan's national team debuted in 1950 and has yet to qualify for theFIFA World Cup finals. Pakistan has never qualified for any major tournament outside the South Asian region, although on regional level the team has won the1952 Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament, and has achieved gold at theSouth Asian Games in1989 and1991. Pakistan had a brief period of emergence in the 1950s and early 1960s, but as the global popularity of football surged, the sport's standing in Pakistan deteriorated. The standard achieved in the early years could not be maintained because of lack of organization of the game and the administration's lack of attention to football.[7] Football has also struggled to gain popularity in Pakistan largely due to the heavy influence ofcricket in South Asia.[8]
Pakistan facedIran in their first official international game inTehran on 27 October 1950, losing 5–1 during the Shah of Iran's birthday celebrations. Reportedly the Pakistan national team played the match barefoot, which was the norm back in South Asia.[9] Pakistan also engaged in unofficial friendly matches during the tour, losing against Tehran'sTaj by 1–6 scoreline and drew 2–2 against a team fromIsfahan.[9] The next month, the team toured Iraq, where due to theIraqi FA's inability to gather a full national team, Pakistan played an unofficial friendly against the clubHaris al-Maliki resulting in a 1–1 draw.[10]
Pakistan national team in 1953
Pakistan's next international outing came in the1952 Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament where the team finished as joint winner along withIndia after finishing with the same points in the table. Pakistan was awarded the shared trophy for the first six months after winning a coin toss.[11][12] The same year, Pakistan again played against Iran in home venue, the match ended in a goalless draw.[9]
The Pakistan Football Federation became one of the 13 founding members of theAsian Football Confederation on 8 May 1954.[13] Initially scheduled to play againstIsrael in the inaugural1956 AFC Asian Cup qualifiers, the team withdrew along withAfghanistan due to reluctance to host the Israeli team.[14] However, in 1956, the team touredCeylon, Singapore and China, and two years later featured at the1958 Asian Games in Japan. In 1959 after a tour to Burma, Pakistan finally decided to participate in the1960 Asian Cup qualifiers hosted by India inKerala, where Pakistan facedIran,India andIsrael twice each in the qualifiers.[9] Although Israel managed to qualify by topping the group, Pakistan achieved a memorable victory overIran by 4–1, a win over rivalsIndia by 0–1, and managing to secure a draw againstIsrael, finishing in third place in the group, ahead of hosts India but behind Iran.[15]
Pakistan had participated in various friendly tournaments in the early 1960s, with theMerdeka Cup hosted in Malaysia after the country first participation in1960. Pakistan recorded a 7–0 victory overThailand, and a 3–1 win overJapan.[17][18] Two years later in the1962 Merdeka Tournament, Pakistan ended runner up after falling toSingapore by 1–2 in the final.[19]
During theChina national team tour in Pakistan in 1963, the first test inDhaka in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) ended in a 0–0 tie. The second match inPeshawar ended in a 3–2 victory for Pakistan, with the third fixture inLahore ending in another 1–1 draw. The final fourth match inKarachi ended in a 2–0 defeat for Pakistan.[20][18] The1964 Summer Olympics qualification the same year included a 4–1 loss in Iran and a 1–0 win in Pakistan. Pakistan visited China in 1964 playing several test matches against local sides, including a 2–0 victory against the China national team.[18]
In 1965 after a tour toCeylon involving several test matches, they played in the inaugural1965 RCD Cup and finished third. In the 1960s, the national team also hosted several teams fromSoviet Union andDallas Tornados for unofficial test matches.[18] In March 1967, the national team played a four-match test series againstSaudi Arabia inLyallpur,Sukkur,Hyderabad andKarachi, winning and losing once, and drawing twice.[21] Months later, Pakistan lost theirAsian Cup qualifiers againstBurma andCambodia and drew their final match againstIndia. They then hosted the second1967 RCD Cup and finished third. In 1969, they travelled to Iran to take part in the 1969 Friendship Cup, in which they had a 2–1 win againstIraq and a record 9–1 defeat byIran.[22] This was before another disappointment at the1969 and1970 RCD Cup editions.[23]
Despite the game's growth in the 1960s, Pakistan did not actively participate in the Asian Games football tournaments held in1962,1966, and1970 due to financial constraints.[18] The World Cup qualifiers followed a similar pattern, with Pakistan missing crucial matches because of a lack of interest from the federation and insufficient government support.[18]
The national team did not compete again until 1973, when the national team toured the far east, which included several test matches against local teams and a friendly againstChina ending in a 4–7 defeat.[18]
After several years of competitive football inactivity, in the1981 King's Cup, Pakistan secured a goalless draw againstSemarang fromIndonesia. After a loss toThailand, they gained a 3–2 victory againstMalaysia and although they lost a close game against1 August from China, they were able to win 1–0 in their final game againstSingapore.[18]
The national team hosted another1985 Quaid-e-Azam International Tournament, this time inviting North Korea XI, Indonesia Youth,Bangladesh andNepal. A goalless draw against the North Koreans boosted the side, as they beatNepal by one goal. However, they lost in the final two games againstBangladesh and Indonesia. In the1985 South Asian Games, Pakistan ended fourth after losing a penalty shoot out toNepal in the third place match.
Pakistan went out of the1995 SAARC Gold Cup group stage on goal difference. The team lost all theirAsian Cup andWorld Cup qualifying games. Pakistan came third in the1997 SAFF Cup, thanks to a 1–0 victory over Sri Lanka in the third place playoff. The1999 SAFF Cup saw Pakistan finish bottom of their group, and Pakistan also failed to get out of the group stage of the final1999 South Asian Games to hold full internationals.[26]
In 2002, Pakistan played in an unsuccessful four match series against Sri Lanka. At the2003 SAFF Cup, under the inspiration of the attacking midfielderSarfraz Rasool, Pakistan stunned India, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan in three victories as they reached the semi-finals only to fall short against Maldives by 1–0.[26] Pakistan finished fourth, losing 2–1 in extra time toIndia in the third place playoff.[26] Later in the year, Pakistan won their firstAsian Cup qualifier with a 3–0 overMacao, but still were unable to qualify. They rounded off the year with defeats toKyrgyzstan in theWorld Cup qualifiers.
2004 saw changes in Pakistan football, with a new administration in place by this time and anew national league up and running. A victory and a draw against India in a three match series, the final match ending 3–0 in favour to theGreen Shirts,[31][32] followed by the reach in the semi-finals of the2005 SAFF Cup, losing against defending championBangladesh by 0–1 margin.
The Pakistan team lost their first twoAsian Cup qualifiers in 2006, in between which they took part in the first2006 AFC Challenge Cup. They failed to get past the group stage, but beat Kyrgyzstan 1–0.[33] Back at the Asian Cup qualifiers, they lost their remaining fixtures. In the2010 World Cup qualifiers in 2007, they fell to a heavy defeat by the Asian championsIraq, losing 7–0 on aggregate across the two legs after drawing 0–0 in the second round.[34] In 2008, Pakistan travelled toNepal for two friendlies before taking on the2008 AFC Challenge Cup qualification. Although they won againstChinese Taipei 2–1 in the first match, and beatGuam in a record-equalling 9–2 win in the final match, other results, including a 7–1 defeat to Sri Lanka, saw them again fail to reach the finals.
In the2008 SAFF Championship, Pakistan failed to go beyond the group stages, losing to Maldives 3–0, India 2–1 and Nepal 4–1, which signaled the end ofAkhtar Mohiuddin's tenure as head coach.[35] After Mohiuddin's departure,George Kottan was hired and the veteran tactician took the team to the2009 SAFF Championship. The side were defeated 1–0 by Sri Lanka, before drawing 0–0 with Bangladesh asAdnan Ahmed missed a late penalty to seal a win. Pakistan won againstBhutan 7–0 in their last game.[36]
Kottan was soon sacked in February 2010, Pakistan had no senior games during the entire calendar year. For the2012 AFC Challenge Cup qualification in 2011, coachTariq Lutfi was called up once more and failed to deliver. Defeats such as the 3–0 againstTurkmenistan and 3–1 against India meant that the side were already out of the qualifiers despite beating Chinese Taipei by 2–0. Later in the2014 FIFA World Cup Qualifiers in July, Pakistan lost 3–0 to Bangladesh in Dhaka, before earning a 0–0 draw in Lahore a few days later. Pakistan did not qualify for the2014 FIFA World Cup, being eliminated by Bangladesh in the first round of the AFC qualifying section in 2011, losing 3–0 on aggregate.
That saw the end of Lutfi's reign, with Serbian coachZaviša Milosavljević taking over in November 2011 right before the2011 SAFF Championship.[37] Despite having little time to influence the team, Zavisa managed to hold Bangladesh 0–0, Maldives 0–0 and Nepal 1–1 in the India-hosted 2011 SAFF Championship. However, they were unable to progress into the semi-finals and returned home.
Pakistan inMalé during a friendly againstMaldives in 2013
2012's sole game was witnessed in November againstSingapore, who thrashed Pakistan 4–0 at home. Pakistan started 2013 well, winning two games against Nepal with identical 1–0 margins.[38][39] A 1–1 draw with Maldives followed, but with congested fixtures Pakistan ended up losing the last game 3–0 in Male.
Pakistan played a friendly againstAfghanistan in August, losing 3–0 without their foreign-based players. Coach Zaviša Milosavljević was controversially sacked and replaced by Bahrain'sMohammad Al-Shamlan, who acted as a coaching consultant toShahzad Anwar in the2013 SAFF Championship. The Shaheens lost their first game 1–0 to India after an own-goal fromSamar Ishaq. Against hosts Nepal,Hassan Bashir scored an early goal, only to see 15-year-oldBimal Gharti Magar level things in injury-time. However, Pakistan beat Bangladesh 2–1 but failed to advance to the semi-finals.[41] The team participated at the2013 Philippine Peace Cup at the end of the year.
For Pakistan's campaign for the2018 FIFA World Cup, they were to faceYemen inRound 1 in theAFC qualifying section. In the first match, Pakistan lost 3–1.[42] For the second match, Pakistan drew 0–0, eliminating Pakistan from the tournament on aggregate.[43]
Pakistan was suspended from all football activities by FIFA on 10 October 2017,[44] after the controversial tenure of the PFF president and politicianMakhdoom Syed Faisal Saleh Hayat, widely described as a "feudal lord of Pakistani football".[45][46]
For three years since March 2015, the top division of thePakistan Premier League remained suspended because of the crisis created due to his actions, along with the men's senior team,[46] who remained suspended from any international competition, and FIFA rankings of the senior team had slumped from 168 in 2003 to the lowest 201 in 2017.[46][47][48]
FIFA restored membership of PFF on 13 March 2018.[49]
Pakistan went to Bangladesh to take part in2018 SAFF Cup which started in September 2018 which was their first FIFA recognized tournament after a span of 3 years.[46] Pakistan played its first match of the event against Nepal which ended in a 2–1 win.[50] Pakistan lost its next match to hosts Bangladesh by 1–0 after conceding a late goal. Green shirts played their final group game against Bhutan which ended in a 3–0 win and sealed their place in semis after 13 years.[51] Pakistan faced arch rivals India in semi-final and were ultimately knocked out by 3–1.[52]
After the SAFF Cup, Pakistan negotiated with the Palestine Football Association for a friendly. It was initially reported that the match will be played in Lahore, Pakistan on 15 November 2018 but Palestine decided to host the event afterwards. Due to visa issues, Pakistan team couldn't fly to Palestine on the desired date. So, the match was played on 16 November in which Shaheens lost by 2–1.
Disappointment would soon strike again as Pakistan lost its chance to pass the2022 FIFA qualification, losing againstCambodia twice in the first round and was eliminated.[53] The preliminary camp for the matches were controversially organised by two different federations.Faisal Saleh Hayat-ledPakistan Football Federation, which was internationally recognised, and non-FIFA recognised Ashfaq Hussain Shah group, which formed a parallel PFF, coming into power by third-party interference through the PFF elections conducted by theSupreme Court.[54]
Pakistan were once again suspended from all football activities by FIFA on 7 April 2021.[55][56] The suspension was lifted on 29 June 2022.[57]
Pakistan made their comeback by playing a friendly match againstNepal in November 2022, losing 0–1 in a late minute goal.[58] They played a second friendly match againstMaldives in March 2023 losing 0–1.[59]
On 27 July 2023, the draw for the first round of the2026 FIFA World Cup qualification took place in which Pakistan were drawn once again againstCambodia, followed by the appointment of the English coachStephen Constantine.[61] In the first leg inPhnom Penh, Pakistan contested in a goalless 0–0 draw.[62] Pakistan won their second leg beating Cambodia 1–0 inIslamabad, due to a goal byHarun Hamid, recording their first-ever victory in World Cup qualifiers in their first fixture at home for eight years, and qualifying for the second round for the first time.[63]
Following the victory in Islamabad, the Shaheens were drawn in a group withSaudi Arabia,Jordan, andTajikistan. Being the 193rd ranked team, Pakistan were the lowest-ranked team in the qualifiers,[64] and terminated the campaign losing all the games in the group.[65]
Pakistan was suspended from all football activities again by FIFA on 6 February 2025 due to failing to adopt a version of the PFF constitution approved by FIFA and the AFC that would have guaranteed fair elections.[66] The suspension was lifted on 2 March 2025 after the PFF agreed to adopt the FIFA and AFC approved constitution.[67]
The Pakistan national team's home kit has always been a green shirt and white shorts. The colours are derived from theflag of Pakistan which is a green field with a whitecrescent moon and five-rayed star at its centre, and a vertical white stripe at the hoist side.[68] The away shirt colour has changed several times. The national team has used white shirt with white shorts or white shirt with green shorts. Historically, white shirt with green shorts is the most often used colour combination.
The Jinnah Sports Stadium is the largest football stadium in Pakistan with a capacity of over 45,000, whereas the People's Football Stadium is second largest with 40,000.
In theQuaid-e-Azam International Tournament, two Pakistan national teams usually participated, the Pakistan national football team under the name ofPakistan Greens, and thePakistan national B team under the name ofPakistan Reds in1976,Pakistan Blue in1982, andPakistan White in1985,1986 and 1987.[83] Alongside the senior national team, the other national team mainly consisted of "second string" or youth international players. Having a two separate teams was very common during the 80s and 90s for developingSouth Asian countries, both Nepal (Nepal B) and Bangladesh (Bangladesh B) had second string team's.
In June 1993, thePakistan Football Federation sent an alternate team, designated as "Pakistan A", to the1993 ECO Cup held inTehran,Iran, while the main national team was participating in the1994 FIFA World Cup qualifiers. The ECO Cup took place from 6 to 14 June 1993, between two rounds of the group A qualifiers including Pakistan, held from 22 to 30 May (in Jordan) and 12–20 June (in China).[84][85] The ECO Cup squad was managed by a completely different coaching staff, with former international playersMuhammad Latif and Abdul Ghafoor Ajiz at the helm, and captained by forward Lal Muhammad Lalo, while the main national team at the World Cup qualifiers was led byMuhammad Aslam Japani. Few players from that team such as Adeel Sarfraz Butt and Iftikhar Ghani were later selected for the second phase of the qualifiers in China.[86] At the inaugural1993 SAARC Gold Cup held in Lahore, a second string team named Pakistan White also played exhibition matches against the national sides participating in the tournament.[87]
Pakistan's arch-rivals in several sports including football areIndia.[88][89][90] The two teams first met at the1952 Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament, which ended in a goalless draw and both teams crowned champions of the tournament. India first won at the consequent1953 Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament with a 1–0 win, withNeville D'Souza scoring a goal. Pakistan men's football team recorded its first official win over India at the1960 AFC Asian Cup qualification withAbdullah Rahi netting the winner.[91] Currently, Pakistan has won three games, there have been eight draws and sixteen wins for India among the 27 games played so far.[92] In addition, both teams have faced each other two times in unofficial exhibition matches after the finalisation of the 1953 and 1955 Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament editions, with Pakistan winning both times by 1–0.[93]
Pakistan is currentlyrivals withAfghanistan in many sports, including cricket and football. The national teams of Pakistan and Afghanistan regularly held sporting events in early years, but diplomatic ties were cut after theSoviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. The ensuing civil war and political instability in Afghanistan prevented the two sides from meeting again until 2003.[94] Due to thehistorical, cultural and political relationship between the two countries, contests against Pakistan generate much enthusiasm amongst Afghan football fans on account of their mutual relations and have been referred to as a "rivalry",[94][95][96] although the interest in Pakistan toward the rivalry and for football in general is more muted.[97]
NB Exact figures of playersbefore 1989 and1999 are not yet known and yet to be researched. This absence of data is notable for long-serving players such asZafar Iqbal &Muhammad Tariq Hussain, along with many others, who are likely to have accumulated a higher number of caps than currently recorded. Additionally, player appearances are also missing in the2000 AFC Asian Cup qualification, two of the 2002 friendly matches againstSri Lanka, and 2006 friendly againstPalestine in the primary source and yet to be updated.
^Raheel, Natasha (15 February 2017)."Still no end to PFF crisis".Tribune.com.pk. Tribune.Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved22 November 2017.
^D'Amico, Rosa Lopez De; Jahromi, Maryam Koushkie; Guinto, Maria Luisa M. (30 May 2021).Women and Sport in Asia. Routledge.ISBN978-1-000-39316-3.Archived from the original on 31 October 2023. Retrieved25 October 2023.