| Otay Mountain Wilderness | |
|---|---|
IUCN category V (protected landscape/seascape) | |
 BLM sign on Otay Mountain Truck Trail | |
  Location in California | |
| Location | San Diego County, United States |
| Nearest city | Otay Mesa |
| Coordinates | 32°35′40″N116°50′40″W / 32.59444°N 116.84444°W /32.59444; -116.84444 |
| Area | 16,885 acres (6,833 ha)[1] |
| Established | 1999 (1999) |
| Governing body | Bureau of Land Management[1][2] |
TheOtay Mountain Wilderness is aU.S. wilderness area inSan Diego County, California, 12 miles east of the community ofOtay Mesa and just north of theMexico–United States border. Some parts of the wilderness area rise quickly from sea level, reaching a peak of just over 3,500 feet (1,100 m) at the summit of Otay Mountain.[3]
Wilderness status was conferred on October 7, 1998, effectively preserving 18,500 acres under protection of theWilderness Act, a component of theNational Wilderness Preservation System.[4] The legislation was signed by PresidentBill Clinton[5]: 306 on December 11, 1999.[6] The wilderness is managed by theBureau of Land Management.
The wilderness lies in theSan Ysidro Mountains,[3] of whichOtay Mountain is the highest summit at 3,566 feet (1,087 m).[7] The mountain, and its immediate surroundings, are extremely rugged and include steep, often precipitous, canyon walls and hills.[8]
The public lands within the Otay Mountain Wilderness are one of the last remaining pristine locations in western San Diego County. Adjacent to the Mexican border, it is internationally known for its diversity of unique and sensitive plants. The area plays a critical role in San Diego's multi-species conservation plan.[4]: 306
The San Ysidro Mountains are remnants of a chain of ancient volcanoes from whichmeta-volcanic soils form, sustaining a diversechaparral community dominated bychamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum),[9] mixed chaparral and coastalsagebrush habitats.[10]
The world's largest stand ofTecate cypress (Cupressus forbesii) are found at the Otay Mountain Wilderness, as are at least 15 plant species that are candidates forfederal listing as threatened or endangered species. In all 37 plant species found on Otay Mountain are listed as sensitive by theCalifornia Native Plant Society, at least five, including the Tecate cypress, occur only on Otay Mountain or in the immediate area.[10]
Particularly important species include:[9]
Source:[11]
Source:[11]
The diversity of habitats within the wilderness area maintains a variety of indigenous fauna, including a number of rare or endangered species. The most numerous large animal is themule deer.[4]: 11–12]
Species of special concern on Otay Mountain include:[10]
Source:[4]: 11–12]
In the mid 1990s, as part ofOperation Gatekeeper,[13]Department of Homeland Security contractors began to build a border wall,[14] and associated access roads.[15] The initial phase of wall building extended from San Diego only as far as the foothills of Otay Mountain.[16]
Anenvironmental impact statement carried out prior to awaiver of an environmental law, required to allow construction within the wilderness area, concluded that the work on the border wall would have long-term impacts on plant, animal and water courses within the area. Grading and construction of roads in the wilderness area would result in removal of layers of topsoil and delicate, intertwined root systems that protect dry chaparral habitat from erosion.[12] The wall itself disrupts the ability of migratory animals, like thejavelina, to roam freely across its natural range.[17] In December 2008 work began to continue the wall's progress through the wilderness area,[17] under the auspices of theSecure Fence Act of 2006.
IUCN category obtained fromProtected Planet: Otay Mountain State Ecological Reserve entry. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
